Macro-CK type 2 in metastatic prostate cancer

Diagnosis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abass Eidizadeh ◽  
Nicolas von Ahsen ◽  
Steffen Friedewald ◽  
Lutz Binder
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls ◽  
Cancer Diseases

Abstract The isoenzyme creatine kinase muscle/brain (CK-MB) still plays an important role for the differential diagnosis of CK elevations and the clarification of their origin from heart or skeletal muscle. Therefore, it is necessary to know the diagnostic pitfalls in interpreting CK-MB results. We demonstrate a case of macro-CK type 2 in a 75-year-old patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and its identification by isoenzyme electrophoresis, which can be typical for cancer diseases.

Sex Hormones and Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Auchus ◽  
Nima Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prostate Cancer Research ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
Androgen Independent ◽  
Transition Studies

The prostate is an androgen-dependent organ that develops only in male mammals. Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Metastatic prostate cancer initially retains its androgen dependence, and androgen-deprivation therapy often leads to disease control; however, the cancer inevitably progresses despite treatment as castration-resistant prostate cancer, the lethal form of the disease. Although it was assumed that the cancer became androgen independent during this transition, studies over the last two decades have shown that these tumors evade treatment via mechanisms that augment acquisition of androgens from circulating precursors, increase sensitivity to androgens and androgen precursors, bypass the androgen receptor, or a combination of these mechanisms. This review summarizes the history of prostate cancer research leading to the contemporary view of androgen dependence for prostate cancers and the current treatment approaches based on this modern paradigm.

scholarly journals Predictors for progression of metastatic prostate cancer to castration-resistant prostate cancer in Indians

2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Anil Mandhani ◽  
SanjoyKumar Sureka ◽  
Ruchir Maheshwari ◽  
Shalini Agnihotri ◽  
Nilay Mitash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant

scholarly journals Muscle Characteristics Obtained Using Computed Tomography as Prognosticators in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Jongsoo Lee ◽  
Jee Soo Park ◽  
Ji Eun Heo ◽  
Hyun Kyu Ahn ◽  
Won Sik Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Muscle Attenuation

Limited studies have investigated the correlation between body composition and prostate cancer outcomes. We analyzed the effect of muscle mass and quality on castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) outcomes. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle attenuation (SMA) were measured for 411 patients at the L3 vertebral level using computed tomography at CRPC diagnosis and were dived to low and high groups at the value of median. Analysis of the skeletal phenotypes and age (<70 and >70 years) was performed to evaluate the effect of SMI and SMA. The median survival rates for patients with low and high SMI were 19 and 24 months (p = 0.015), and those with low and high SMAs were 15 and 26 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In the subgroup analysis by age, SMA was a significant prognosticator in both groups, while SMI was a significant prognosticator only in patients aged >70 years. Patients with low SMA + low SMI had the worst prognosis. Muscle characteristics seems to be a prognosticator in survival of CRPC patients and may be considered in treatment planning.

Use of epirubicin, carboplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (ECarboF) as a second-line treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 173-173
Author(s):  
U. B. McGovern ◽  
S. J. Harland
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
First Line ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Docetaxel Chemotherapy ◽  
Line Chemotherapy

173 Background: ECarboF chemotherapy is an active first line chemotherapy treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. We have now investigated its efficacy and toxicity in patients who have progressed during or after docetaxel chemotherapy. Methods: 37 patients with metastatic prostate cancer who had received ECarboF chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed from a five year period (2005-2010). All patients had previously received first-line docetaxel chemotherapy and had either progressed following treatment (n=17) or were docetaxel refractory (n=20). Patients received epirubicin 50mg/m2 iv d1, carboplatin (AUC 5) d1, fluorouracil 440mg/m2 d1, d15 and folinic acid 20mg/m2 d1, d15 on a q4w cycle. 20% dose reductions were made for the first cycle in patients with poorer performance status. PSA was measured before each cycle of treatment and all patients were assessed for toxicity. Results: Patients had a median age of 70 years (range 48-77), median baseline PSA of 226.5 ng/mL (range 9.6-1,580) and the median number of ECarboF chemotherapy cycles received was 6 (range 1-10). 65% (n=24) of patients were ECOG 0-1, the remaining 35% (n=13) were ECOG 2-3. 16% (n=6) patients had a ≥ 30% decline in PSA and 16% (n=6) patients had a ≥ 50% decline in PSA. 35% (n=13) of patients experienced grade 3/4 toxicity, most commonly anaemia (13.5%), neutropenia (13.5%) and thrombocytopenia (8.1%) with one treatment related death (neutropenic sepsis) during the five year period analysed. Median time to PSA progression was 5.1 months. Conclusions: ECarboF has activity with acceptable toxicity post docetaxel in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Although PSA response rates are modest, the time to progression is comparable to that of more toxic regimens. ECarboF should be considered as an active second-line chemotherapy regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Monitoring Patients with Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive and Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Consensus Document

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1908
Author(s):  
Alberto Lapini ◽  
Orazio Caffo ◽  
Giovanni Pappagallo ◽  
Roberto Iacovelli ◽  
Rolando Maria D’Angelillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Background: The availability of a number of agents that are efficacious in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) has led to them being used sequentially, and this has prolonged patient survival. However, in order to maximize their efficacy, clinicians need to be able to obtain a reliable picture of disease evolution by means of monitoring procedures. Methods: As the intensive monitoring protocols used in pivotal trials cannot be adopted in everyday clinical practice and there is no agreement among the available guidelines, a multidisciplinary panel of Italian experts met to develop recommendations for monitoring mPC patients using a modified Delphi method. Results: The consensus project considered methods of clinically, radiographically, and biochemically monitoring patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing chemotherapy and/or hormonal treatment. The panelists also considered the methods and timing of monitoring castration levels, bone health, and the metabolic syndrome during androgen deprivation therapy. Conclusions: The recommendations, which were drawn up by experts following a formal and validated consensus procedure, will help clinicians face the everyday challenges of monitoring metastatic prostate cancer patients.

Abiraterone-induced rhabdomyolysis: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C Moore ◽  
Andrew Moore
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Function Test

Abiraterone is an inhibitor of androgen biosynthesis indicated for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Common side effects include diarrhea, edema, hypokalemia, hypertension, and liver function test abnormalities. We report a case of rhabdomyolysis developing in association with the use of abiraterone. Following discontinuation of abiraterone, creatine kinase concentrations decreased gradually throughout the duration of the hospitalization.

scholarly journals Current and Emerging Therapies in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hema Vankayala ◽  
Ulka Vaishampayan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
New Targets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
The Face

The face of metastatic prostate cancer (PC) has been remarkably reshaped with the current advances in its management. Kudos to the cuttingedge research that has pinpointed new targets and agents. The main stumbling block in this disease is progression on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the development of castrate resistance. Despite this phenomenon, the majority of patients with PC continue to rely on androgen receptors (ARs) for disease growth and progression. Several of these newer agents directly or indirectly target ARs. Many drugs have earned US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in the past decade by showing survival benefit, which is the gold standard endpoint in all the pivotal PC trials. An array of new targets and agents are being explored currently. The future of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) appears exciting with the expanding armamentarium; however, the challenges of affordability and sequencing of the agents remain.

Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (27) ◽  
pp. 3686-3694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bostjan Seruga ◽  
Ian F. Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cancer Trial ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
First Line Treatment

Most men with metastatic prostate cancer respond to various types of androgen ablation but progress to castration-resistant disease. The TAX 327 and Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) 99-16 clinical trials established docetaxel-based chemotherapy as preferred first-line treatment for most men with symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, only about half receive benefit from docetaxel, and those who respond initially progress and eventually die of (or with) mCRPC. Both cellular mechanisms and the tumor microenvironment are implicated in the development of resistance to docetaxel. New agents are being evaluated for men with mCRPC, either as first-line treatment in combination with docetaxel, or in men progressing during or after treatment with docetaxel. Thus far, agents evaluated in phase III trials in combination with docetaxel have not improved outcome, including the vaccine GVAX, high-dose vitamin D (DN-101), and the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab. In contrast, cabazitaxel, a taxane that is not cross-resistant to docetaxel, substantially improved the outcome of men progressing during or after treatment with docetaxel-based chemotherapy when compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone. However, translation of benefit of cabazitaxel demonstrated in the TROPIC (Treatment of Hormone-Refractory Metastatic Prostate Cancer) trial into general oncologic practice will be challenging because this agent may cause serious toxicity. With the approval of less toxic hormonal agents (eg, abiraterone acetate) in the setting of docetaxel-resistant mCRPC, clinicians will have an opportunity to balance benefits and harms of new agents in an individual patient and may be able to use different agents in sequence.

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