scholarly journals Drug Tourism: General Overview, Case Studies and New Perspectives in the Contemporary World

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-202
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira Pinheiro Dias Pereira ◽  
Leonardo Batista de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Tourism Organization

AbstractSeveral are the motivations and natures of the activities undertaken by tourists, leading to the existence of different types of tourism, which, according to the World Tourism Organization, can be divided into major segments (e.g. Sun & Beach Tourism, Ecotourism and etc.); each one with its own subcategories, as the religious tourism, experience tourism and so on. So, would it be possible to talk about drug tourism? Where, the drug itself would present a significant role as a motivation for travelling. Drug tourism could be seen as the journeys undertaken with the purpose of obtaining or using drugs, which are not available or are illegal in the tourist origin places. The purpose of this article was to provide a general discussion on the subject of drug tourism. In this task, some important examples were cited and the positive and negative impacts on the country or region of destination, the relationships between the different types of drug tourism with the major segments defined by the UNWTO, as well as new perspectives in this field were also discussed. As a case study, were presented information about cannabis tourism in Amsterdam, Netherlands (derived from literature searches and questionnaires in field research). This is a topic discussed only superficially but which is an obvious reality in various tourist destinations. Therefore, it is essential the development of a deeper treatment (deprived of prejudices) about the changes occurring in the contemporary world (concerning the drug politics), which may open new frontiers for this type of tourism.

COEVALNESS OF INSECT TRACE FOSSILS AND TRACE-BEARING ROCKS, A CASE STUDY FROM THE PLIO?-PLEISTOCENE OF SW SPAIN

Palaios ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
EDUARDO MAYORAL ◽  
JORGE F. GENISE ◽  
FRANCISCO J. RODRÍGUEZ-TOVAR ◽  
ANA SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Time Gap

ABSTRACT Plio?-Pleistocene outcrops located at the southwestern edge of the Guadalquivir Basin in the area of Lepe (Huelva, Spain) provide an interesting example for studying the contemporaneity of traces with the rocks that contain them. Two different types of cells compatible with the ichnogenera Celliforma (Type 1) and Palmiraichnus (Type 2) were found in these outcrops. Their walls were constructed with the same material as the matrix and our first research in the area showed no extant bees producing them suggesting that they were coeval with the trace-bearing rocks. The case of the “Palmiraichnus-like” Type 2 cells was misleading because of its similarity with Palmiraichnus described from the region in the Canary Islands and Balearic Archipelago (Spain). Two determining features were vital in clarifying this first appearance. In the Palmiraichnus-like cells we found remains of a larval cocoon in one cell that could be dated by C14, giving a modern age. In the Celliforma-like cells more field research in the area allow us to observe extant bees nesting in these rocks in autumn. Ichnological literature show a few cases of asynchronies involving extant traces found mostly in Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks. In contrast, the case presented herein indicates the time gap between the bearing rocks and the Lepe traces was shorter (ca. 12 ky–2.6 My), enhancing the similarity of traces and rocks and thus their potential coevalness. This case may serve as a warning about other potential examples in the fossil record in which relatively short asynchronies between traces and paleosols exist.

scholarly journals THE QUEST FOR AUTHENTICITY: TOURISM EXPERIENCE IN A PROTECTED AREA OF NATURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Tourism Studies ◽  
Tourism Experience ◽  
Urban Wetland ◽  
Formal Establishment

Authenticity in tourism has now been for many years a particular challenge for professionals in tourism studies. The concept itself is rather vague, but also useful in analysing the supply of selected tourist destinations. The focus of the paper is on the analysis of the elements of authenticity in the selected protected area of nature in Slovenia. As a case study, we chose the Škocjanski zatok Nature reserve, an urban wetland in the immediate vicinity of Koper. The restored and renatured area acts as green oasis and successfully defies various pressures on this sensitive environment already twenty years after its formal establishment. After conducting a field research and interviews with key stakeholders, we find out that the understanding of authenticity is important in order to preserve the biodiversity of the Škocjanski zatok Nature reserve and, consequently, its uniqueness (in the context of tourism development). This should also be the main guideline, and challenge at the same time, for the management in creating an adequate tourist offer.

Child Sex Tourism

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization

If sex tourism is the dark, if debated, side of tourism, then child sex tourism represents the line in the sand that should never be crossed. While sex tourism involving adults provokes a variety of opinions and positions (Cohen, 1982; Oppermann, 1998; Kempadoo et al., 2005; O’Connell-Davidson and Sánchez Taylor, 2005; Sánchez Taylor, 2006; Day, 2007; Eades, 2009), child prostitution involving tourists is universally condemened and high-profile cases, such as the trial of Gary Glitter, point to the depths of public revulsion against such behaviour. The last 20 years have seen vocal campaigns against child sex tourism, resulting in changes in national legislation in many countries, statements and taskforces from the World Tourism Organization, the inauguration of World Congresses against the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and a universal determination to stamp out a crime and a moral outrage. Despite the public outcry and changes in legislation, however, child sex tourism continues and, in some ways, the moral indignation that the subject arouses obscures certain aspects of the situations in which children caught up in prostitution live and work. There is still a dearth of information about how children meet clients, what is expected of them and their paths in and out of prostitution (Montgomery, 2001a, 2001b). Their clients are even more unknown and there is very little research (as opposed to anecdotal) evidence that discusses their motivations, their modus operandi or their choices about which countries they will visit and where they can find opportunities for sexual activity with children (Ennew, 1986; Montgomery, 2008; for an excellent overview of the available evidence see O’Connell-Davidson, 2005). At both national and international levels, legislation to protect children, although much heralded, has proved inadequate, and left unanswered important questions about enforcement and practical help for the children affected. In this chapter, I examine the legislation in place to tackle the problem of child sex tourism, and contrast this with a case study from Thailand of a small community in which children worked as prostitutes in order to support their parents and themselves. In doing so, I am not arguing for any moral ambivalence or ambiguity in discussions of child sex tourism. Rather, I wish to point out the lacuna between those discussions and the lived realities of the children.

Ethics of Global Tourism

2012 ◽  
pp. 200-209
Author(s):  
Loykie Lomine
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Tourism Organization

The global tourism industry may provide millions of jobs and billions of enjoyable days for travellers and holiday-makers, but it also requires ethical consideration. This chapter starts by examining the ethics of global tourism around two questions: Firstly, are some tourist destinations unethical? Secondly, are some forms of tourism unethical? These two thematic presentations, based on many examples and controversies, are followed by a short discussion of two key concepts which help conceptualize the ethics of global tourism: exploitation and sustainability. The adoption of a Global Code of Ethics for Tourism by the United Nations World Tourism Organization in 1999, the publication of articles) and then books about tourism ethics, the implementation of corporate social responsibility policies in the tourist industry, as well as the increasing demand for ethical tourism products all show that ethics has now entered global tourism, both in practice and in theory.

Electronic Games as a Touristic Promotional Tool

2020 ◽  
pp. 389-418
Author(s):  
Fábia Esteves ◽  
Pedro Quelhas Brito
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Electronic Games ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
The Impact

According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), in 2017 tourism had the greatest international growth in seven years, and in 2018, international tourism grew 5% reaching the mark of 1.4 billion, a figure reached two years earlier than predicted. At the same time, in the last 40 years, the video game industry has grown steadily, with games beginning to be seen as one of the primary sources of entertainment. However, there are still few studies analyzing the impact of advertising tourist destinations on digital platforms such as video games. The use of video games in the tourist context may be an inspirational tool, supporting the development of new advertising strategies for tourism marketing. Although the connection between tourism and cinema is widely documented, little research has demonstrated a credible correlation between video games and tourists' attitude towards destinations.

A Terrorism-Inflicted Causality in Kashmir

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-211
Author(s):  
Anubha ◽  
Mahender Reddy Gavinolla
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
The Political ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Negative Impacts

Terrorist incidents at tourist destinations create several negative impacts. Many studies have focused on the intent of the tourists to visit a place affected by terrorism. However, there are no studies gauging the perceptions of travel agencies and tour operators. In this regard, this particular study intends to understand the detrimental effects of terrorism on various travel agencies and tour operators operating in Kashmir in India, which also form a part of MSMEs. Case study and semi-structured interviews have been used. The findings clearly illustrate that terrorism does have detrimental effects on a tourist destination and, in turn, deleterious effects on the travel agencies and tour operators operating in the region. It is also evident that there are political instabilities and lack of promotion and marketing of the destination. It is hoped that the political stability and proper promotion will lead to positive destination image and better management of the destination.

scholarly journals Dining House Information System (Case Study: Tengku Di Ujung, Simeulue District)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ayat Hasanul Alfarisi
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
System Application ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Speed Up

The Tengku Diujung restaurant is one of the tourist destinations that is frequently visited by tourists because the restaurant has a mainstay menu that is in demand by many visitors, one of which is lobster noodles. However, each sales report still records data manually, sometimes experiencing errors due to inaccuracies in recording data. The formulations in this study are; how to manage all data on reports of receipts, orders, and sales or expenditures of goods, and whether employees are easy to find data, and how to manage data on receipts, orders, and sales or expenditures of goods. To complete the data needed in the preparation of this study, the authors use writing sources, namely; Library Research, Field Research, and Interviews and Observatories. From the results of the discussion on "Inventory Information System at the Tengku Diujung Restaurant (Simeulue Regency)" the author can conclude that the use of a manual system has limitations in selling goods. This information system, makes it easier for the restaurant to present information about revenue, ordering, and sales data to its customers. Although it requires a lot of money, it is worth the ease with which it is obtained, and designing this application will speed up the production of receipts, orders, and sales reports. The results of this study are the development of an Inventory Information System application with 9 (nine) inputs in the form of; data on goods, suppliers, customers, receipts, expenses, stocks, transactions, and application users. There are 6 (six) output designs consisting of; goods data, suppliers, customers, receipts, expenses, and stock reports.

Part II Commercial Aspects of the Marine Environment, 9 The UN World Tourism Organization and Global Ocean Governance

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Cultural Effects ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Tourism Organization

This chapter discusses the role of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) in global ocean governance. The UNWTO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that serves as a global forum for tourism policy issues and helps to ensure that Member States, tourist destinations and the business community maximize the positive economic, social and cultural effects of tourism and fully reap its benefits, while minimizing its negative social and environmental impacts. It has three primary objectives: to promote safe and seamless travel, enhance the role of technology in tourism, and link growth and sustainability and promote tourism as a tool for development. After providing a general overview of the UNWTO’s aims, structure and governance, and membership, the chapter examines its work with respect to ocean governance and sea-related tourism, along with the ways in which it promotes sustainable development of tourism.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF FOOD TOURISM PERSPECTIVES IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2(75)) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
E.L. MIHAILUK ◽  
A.A. KHUMAROV
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Food Tourism ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Topicality. The development of domestic tourism is relevant today around the world, and Ukraine is no exception. One of the domestic tourism types for the country can be food tourism, which is still unequally developed within tourist destinations. Aim and tasks � to assess the condition of food tourism development in Ukraine and to outline the prospects for its further development on the basis of the European experience. Research results. A promising area of tourist services market development is food tourism - a specialized type of tourism, focused on learning about the history, technology and culture of national dishes and products consumption, as well as training and professional development in cooking. Trends in the modern tourism market show a growing interest among consumers in these types of travel. According to the UNWTO (World Tourism Organization), most tourists mark the food aspect as the main reason for visiting a country, and argue that the gastronomic features of the country are one of the three main reasons in determining the place of tourist travel. Wine tours in Zakarpattia, Odessa, Kherson and Mykolayiv regions are gaining the most popularity in Ukraine among the actively demanded directions of tourist and gastronomic activity. Deep cultural traditions, in particular in food, for which Ukraine is famous, create preconditions for the formation of numerous interesting gastronomic tours for both domestic and foreign tourists. Conclusion. Current trends in the development of food tourism in Ukraine indicate its significant potential and opportunities for professional development, because now this area of tourism is engaged in a limited number of tourism companies; Most trips are organized to Lviv, Zakarpattia and Poltava regions, where there are strong national traditions, the formation of their own gastronomic brands and geographical indications, a strong authentic culture and specific culinary preferences. The combinatorial capabilities of gastronomic tourism, which are actively used in European practice, open its perspectives in the domestic tourism sector, in particular, increasing employment of local people and strengthening the competitiveness of agro-industrial, recreational and agricultural regions and multinational areas of our country.

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