COEVALNESS OF INSECT TRACE FOSSILS AND TRACE-BEARING ROCKS, A CASE STUDY FROM THE PLIO?-PLEISTOCENE OF SW SPAIN

Palaios ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
EDUARDO MAYORAL ◽  
JORGE F. GENISE ◽  
FRANCISCO J. RODRÍGUEZ-TOVAR ◽  
ANA SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Time Gap

ABSTRACT Plio?-Pleistocene outcrops located at the southwestern edge of the Guadalquivir Basin in the area of Lepe (Huelva, Spain) provide an interesting example for studying the contemporaneity of traces with the rocks that contain them. Two different types of cells compatible with the ichnogenera Celliforma (Type 1) and Palmiraichnus (Type 2) were found in these outcrops. Their walls were constructed with the same material as the matrix and our first research in the area showed no extant bees producing them suggesting that they were coeval with the trace-bearing rocks. The case of the “Palmiraichnus-like” Type 2 cells was misleading because of its similarity with Palmiraichnus described from the region in the Canary Islands and Balearic Archipelago (Spain). Two determining features were vital in clarifying this first appearance. In the Palmiraichnus-like cells we found remains of a larval cocoon in one cell that could be dated by C14, giving a modern age. In the Celliforma-like cells more field research in the area allow us to observe extant bees nesting in these rocks in autumn. Ichnological literature show a few cases of asynchronies involving extant traces found mostly in Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks. In contrast, the case presented herein indicates the time gap between the bearing rocks and the Lepe traces was shorter (ca. 12 ky–2.6 My), enhancing the similarity of traces and rocks and thus their potential coevalness. This case may serve as a warning about other potential examples in the fossil record in which relatively short asynchronies between traces and paleosols exist.

FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN FOREIGN STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETATIVE REGULATION DURING TUITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
A.M. Satarkulova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

The assessment and dynamic control over students’ status is a very important task. It allows timely detection of prenosological status prior to pathology and health maintenance in students. The objective of the paper is to assess the adaptive abilities of the body, to analyze changes in heart rate variability indicators in students with various types of autonomic regulation, to identify prenosological status and precursory pathological symptoms. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 302 students from India, aged 21.54±1.43. Programming complex «Psychophysiologist» was used to register the main HRV parameters within 5 minutes. Health status was evaluated according to the index of functional changes and the scale of functional states. Results. N.I. Shlyk (2009) distinguished two groups of students with different types of autonomic regulation: type 1 (53 %) with moderate and type 2 (5 %) with marked characteristics of central regulation profile, type 3 (35 %) with moderate and type 4 (7 %) with marked characteristics of autonomous regulation profile. Main parameters of HRV and adaptation potential were defined for each student.All the parameters characterized functional and health status. Conclusions. It was shown that 82 % of trial subjects (type 1), 53 % (type 2), 94 % (type 3) and 95 % (type 4) demonstrated satisfactory adaptation and their physiological processes were at an optimal level. 18 % of students (type 1) demonstrated reduced adaptive abilities of the body. Moreover, they were under moderate stress. 47 % of subjects (type 2) were also under a significant stress, which was proven by excessively high SI, low SDNN and TP, and an increased index of functional changes. 5 % of students (type 4) revealed dysfunctional characteristics in the heart rhythm, peculiar to pathology. Keywords: foreign students, heart rate variability, types of autonomic regulation, adaptation potential, functional status. Оценка состояния студентов и динамический контроль за ним является важной задачей, поскольку позволяет своевременно выявлять у студентов донозологические состояния, предшествующие патологии, и способствовать сохранению здоровья. Цель. Оценка адаптивных возможностей организма, анализ изменений показателей вариабельности сердечного ритма у студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции, выявление донозологических состояний и ранних признаков патологии. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 302 студента в возрасте 21,54+1,43 года из Индии. Регистрировались основные параметры ВСР в течение 5 мин с использованием программно-аппаратного комплекса «Психофизиолог». Состояние и уровень здоровья оценивались по индексу функциональных изменений и шкале функциональных состояний. Результаты. По способу, предложенному Н.И. Шлык, выделены группы студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции: I (53 %) и II типы (5 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием центрального контура регуляции соответственно, III (35 %) и IV типы (7 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием автономного контура регуляции соответственно. У каждого из студентов определены основные параметры ВСР и адаптационного потенциала, характеризующие функциональное состояние и уровень здоровья. Выводы. Показано, что для 82 % обследуемых с I типом, 53 % со II типом, 94 % c III типом и 95 % с IV типом регуляции характерно состояние удовлетворительной адаптации, физиологические процессы сохраняются на оптимальном уровне. В группе студентов I типа у 18 % студентов адаптивные возможности организма снижены, выявлено состояние умеренного напряжения. У 47 % обследуемых II типа также зафиксировано состояние резко выраженного напряжения, индикатором которого является чрезмерно высокое значение SI, низкие величины SDNN и ТP, повышенное значение индекса функциональных изменений. В группе студентов с IV типом у 5 % учащихсяв регуляции ритма сердца выявлены дисфункциональные признаки, характерные для патологии. Ключевые слова: иностранные студенты, вариабельность сердечного ритма, типы вегетативной регуляции, адаптационный потенциал, функциональное состояние.

scholarly journals Exploring Typology of Residents Staying in Disaster-Prone Areas: A Case Study in Tambak Lorok, Semarang, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choirul Amin ◽  
S Sukamdi ◽  
R Rijanta
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tidal Inundation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Respondent Characteristic ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Type 3

Studies about population immobility, especially immobility associated with climate change-related disaster, are very limited. As a consequence, the explanation of population immobility in disaster prone areas is still blurred. This study contributes in explaining population immobility by exploring the typology of residents who did not move from disaster-prone areas. The survey was conducted towards the residents of Kampung Tambak Lorok Semarang, which is prone to three disasters simultaneously i.e. sea level rise, land subsidence, and tidal inundation. The study sample was 235 heads of households selected using proportional sampling area technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of two parts: (1) demographic, social, and economic characteristics of people who did not move from disaster prone areas; and (2) staying intention in disaster prone areas. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by using table and graph of respondent characteristic and relation between respondent characteristic and staying intention in research area. Three (3) typologies have been identified, namely: Type-1 are residents who wishes to stay; Type-2 are residents who still have not decided whether to stay or move; and Type-3 are residents who do not want to stay/want to move. Each of these typologies is described by place of birth, age, length of stay, education, occupation, and income. The understanding of the typology of residents living in disaster prone areas is important as inputs for policy-makers, especially regarding the relocation of people from disaster prone areas to be effective. The results of this study also contribute empirical evidence to the migration theory debate at the micro level, namely that the staying intention is a key element in the 'black box' of immobile decision-making from disaster prone areas.

scholarly journals Number of cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes diagnosed in Amapá between 2007 and 2012

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Kauê de Melo Souza ◽  
Lucas Facco ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Food Education ◽  
Different Types

Diabetes mellitus is a succession of different types of disorders in metabolism that are characterized by causing a high rate of blood sugar. Because it is a disease with genetic factors type 1 diabetes has as main risk factor heredity, while type 2 diabetes besides these factors, includes obesity, high blood pressure, poor food education and advancing age. This study aims to show the number of cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes diagnosed in Amapá with the variables gender, age group, sedentary lifestyle, overweight, smoking, between 2007 and 2012. The data for the research were taken from the computer department of SUS, DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM1 and DM2) are diseases that are tied to disturbances in production or in the efficient use of insulin. Smoking, as well as sedentary lifestyle and overweight are important risk factors for the development of DM2. Type 2 diabetes mellitus provides the development of various organic nerve lesions. In addition, DM2, through its chronicity, enables the development of retinopathies, nephropathies and other conditions negative to the individual’s health.

Understanding and managing interferences in clinical laboratory assays: the role of laboratory professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Zaninotto ◽  
Mario Plebani
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Analytical Phase

AbstractThe recently raised concerns regarding biotin interference in immunoassays have increased the awareness of laboratory professionals and clinicians of the evidence that the analytical phase is still vulnerable to errors, particularly as analytical interferences may lead to erroneous results and risks for patient safety. The issue of interference in laboratory testing, which is not new, continues to be a challenge deserving the concern and interest of laboratory professionals and clinicians. Analytical interferences should be subdivided into two types on the basis of the possibility of their detection before the analytical process. The first (type 1) is represented by lipemia, hemolysis and icterus, and the second (type 2), by unusual constituents that are not undetectable before analysis, and may affect the matrix of serum/plasma of individual subjects. Type 2 cannot be identified with current techniques when performing the pre-analytical phase. Therefore, in addition to a more careful evaluation and validation of the method to be used in clinical practice, the awareness of laboratory professionals should be raised as to the importance of evaluating the quality of biological samples before analysis and to adopt algorithms and approaches in the attempt to reduce problems related to erroneous results due to specific or non-specific interferences.

scholarly journals High-aluminum orthopyroxene megacrysts (HAOM) in the Ahvenisto complex, SE Finland, and the polybaric crystallization of massif-type anorthosites

2019 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aku Heinonen ◽  
Heli Kivisaari ◽  
Radoslaw M. Michallik
Keyword(s):  
Host Rock ◽  
Compositional Evolution ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Global Comparison ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anorthosite Complex ◽  
High Aluminum

AbstractThe occurrence of high-aluminum orthopyroxene megacrysts (HAOMs) in several massif-type Proterozoic anorthosite complexes has been used as evidence of their polybaric crystallization. Here, we report such petrographic and geochemical (XRF and EMPA) evidence from HAOMs discovered in the 1.64 Ga Ahvenisto rapakivi granite—massif-type anorthosite complex in southeastern Finland. Two different types of HAOMs were recognized: type 1 HAOMs are individual, euhedral-to-subhedral crystals, and up to 15 cm in diameter, and type 2 HAOMs occur in pegmatitic pockets closely associated with megacrystic (up to 30 cm long) plagioclase. The type 1 megacrysts in particular are surrounded by complex corona structures composed of plagioclase, low-Al orthopyroxene, iddingsite (after olivine), and sulfides. Orthopyroxene crystallization pressure estimates based on an Al-in-Opx geobarometer reveal a three-stage compositional evolution in both textural HAOM types. The Al content decreases significantly from the core regions of the HAOM (4.4–7.6 wt% Al2O3), through the rims (1.3–3.6 wt%), into the host rock (0.5–1.5 wt%). Enstatite compositions overlap, but are generally higher in the cores (En~60–70) and rims (En~50–70) of the HAOMs than in the host rock (En~45–60) orthopyroxenes. The highest recorded Al abundances in the HAOM cores correspond to crystallization pressures of up to ~ 1.1 GPa (~ 34 km depth), whereas the HAOM rims have crystallized at lower pressures (max. ~ 0.5 GPa, 20 km depth). The highest pressure estimates for the host rock orthopyroxene were ~ 0.2 GPa (< 7 km depth). These observations confirm the polybaric magmatic evolution of the Ahvenisto anorthosites and suggest that the entire 1.65–1.55 Ga Fennoscandian rapakivi suite was emplaced at a relatively shallow level (< 7 km depth) in the upper crust. Global comparison to similar rock types reveals remarkable similarities in the petrogenetic processes controlling HAOM composition and evolution of anorthosite parental magmas.

Inclusion patterns in zoned garnets from Magerøy, north Norway

1984 ◽  
Vol 48 (346) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Prograde Metamorphism ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Compositional Zoning ◽  
Garnet Porphyroblasts ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Quartz Grains

AbstractGarnet porphyroblasts in metasediments from Magerøy crystallized during static metamorphism. They display three optical zones, each having characteristic inclusions and chemistry. The compositional zoning is related to prograde metamorphism (an inner zone, 1, and a graphite-bearing zone) and retrogression (the outer zone, 2). Inclusions of two types are present in zone 1: type 1 are equidimensional remnants of the matrix, preferentially included along planes of rapid growth; type 2 are tubular and represent recrystallized quartz grains concentrated along defects in the garnet lattice. The defects are lineage boundaries between growth segments related to screw dislocations on crystal faces. Crystal growth developed at relatively high degrees of supersaturation, but below the supersaturation required for the development of dendrites. The inclusions suggest rapid growth of zone 1, caused by heat flow from an adjacent interkinematic mafic/ultramafic intrusive complex. The graphite-bearing zone crystallized at the metamorphic peak, while the inclusion-free idioblasfic rim probably developed during retrograde metamorphism.

On the structural aspects of solid solutions of enantiomers: an intriguing case study of enantiomer recognition in the solid state

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (43) ◽  
pp. 6909-6918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toms Rekis ◽  
Agris Bērziņš
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Structural Aspects

The structural aspects of type 1 and type 2 solid solutions have been revised.

New Concept: Different Types of Insufficiency of the Saphenofemoral Junction Identified by Duplex as a Chance for a More Differentiated Therapy of the Great Saphenous Vein

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stücker ◽  
R Moritz ◽  
P Altmeyer ◽  
S Reich-Schupke
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Optimal Therapy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Saphenofemoral Junction

Even though the item ‘saphenofemoral junction’ (SFJ) is anatomically well defined, the incontinence of the SFJ is often incompetently described in clinical practice and studies. Especially with regard to the optimal therapy of the great saphenous vein, it might be of importance to have a more distinct regard to the SFJ as it is known that about 10–30% of the saphenous refluxes have no femoral origin. Considering the terminal and preterminal valve three types of incompetence of the SFJ may be differentiated: Type 1: Incompetent terminal, but competent preterminal valve; Type 2: Competent terminal, but incompetent preterminal valve; Type 3: Incompetent terminal and preterminal valve (complete incompetence). A review on prior studies and reports leads to the assumption that the differentiation of the distinct types of SFJ-incompetence allows a more individual and – perhaps – more effective therapy. Finally, studies are necessary to evaluate the here given new concept.

Etiology analysis and x-ray diagnostics of feline odontoclastic resorbtive lesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mukiy ◽  
◽  
V. A. Nikolaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types

In veterinary medicine, one of the most relevant area is dentistry of small pets. Of all dentistry diseases - 80% of cases are due to Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesion (FORL), which is more often diagnosed in cats. 35 cats have been diagnosed with den-tal disorders in vet-clinic "Altervet" for the period from November 2018 to April 2019. The analysis of the statistical information was carried out: 86 % of cats, that is 30 heads, were diagnosed FORL. The assess-ment was carried out according to the degree of tooth damage from x-rays images, and there are 2 types of resorption today: type 1 and type 2. Moreover, one of the examined cats simultaneously detected both types of FORL. Various degrees of tooth damage have been studied. Lesions of various parts of the tooth (crowns, necks, aboral and ros-tral roots of the teeth) were found, which were marked on radiographs. A statistical analysis of the incidence by breed, age, sex of animals and types of feed was conducted. The middle animal age of the disease inci-dence is 10 years. It was found that animals with pathology were nourished different types of food: mixed, dry, wet and natural. However, a greater number of cats with FORL were fed mixed (14 heads) and dry (8 heads) feed, 47 and 27%, respectively. It was found that in male this pathology is di-agnosed more often, in our case it is 73%, than in female- 27%.The disease was more common in mongrel cats – 18 heads, than in thoroughbred animals -12 heads, it turned out 60 and 40% of the number of affected animals. Reliable data on the influence of sex and breed on the occurrence of FORL has not been established.

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