scholarly journals Morphometrical and molecular data on plant parasitic nematodes Longidorus attenuatus Hooper, 1961 and L. danuvii Barsi et al., 2007 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) reported from Ukraine for the first time

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Susulovska ◽  
A. Susulovsky ◽  
F.W. Kornobis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence ◽  
First Time

Summary Genus Longidorus Micoletzky, 1927 consists of obligatory plant root ectoparasites. Some of the genus species are of economic importance as pests of agricultural plants. This paper presents first records of Longidorus attenuatus Hooper, 1961 and L. danuvii Barsi et al., 2007 from Ukraine. Data on morphometrics and D2-D3 28S rDNA region sequence are provided. Additionally, a D2-D3 28S rDNA sequence from a population described previously from Poland was included. For the first time L. danuvii has been found with plants of agricultural importance (Malus domestica Borkh., Pyrus sp. and Rubus idaeus L.). Additionally, this nematode species has been found for the first time in localities with relatively dry conditions (on the tops of the hills), which are distant from banks of rivers – biotopes from which it has been recorded previously.

scholarly journals First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinema elongatum and X. pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia

ZooKeys ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 489 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gezahegne Damessa ◽  
Wim Bert ◽  
Frieda Decraemer
Keyword(s):  
18S Rdna ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
First Time

A total of six soil samples were collected around rhizosphere of citrus plants during 2010 from Melkassa Agricultural Research Center experimental station, Ethiopia. From these samples two most important ecto-plant parasitic nematodes of the genus Xiphinema were found and analysed. The genus Xiphinema is a large group of the phylum nematoda which constitutes more than 260 species. They are polyphagous root- ectoparasites of many crop plants and some species of this genus cause damage by direct feeding on root tips and transmit nepoviruses. The delimitation and discrimination of two species in the genus is presented, described herein as Xiphinemaelongatum and Xiphinemapachtaicum. Morphological and morphometric data were done using light microscopy and results of both species were fit within the previously described nematode species of Xiphinemaelongatum and Xiphinemapachtaicum. 18S rDNA were analysed using Bayesian inference (BI) method to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of the studied Xiphinema sp. (KP407872Xiphinemaelongatum and KP407873Xiphinemapachtaicum) with other Xiphinema species. The 18S rDNA sequence of Xiphinemapachtaicum was alike to previously described species from the GenBank but Xiphinemaelongatum exhibited very small levels of nucleotides differences (0.4%) which might be possible intra-specific divergence. Though this region of rDNA has less resolution on complex species, its combination with morphological and morphometric analyses, suggests these species as Xiphinemaelongatum and Xiphinemapachtaicum with the GenBank accession number of KP407872 and KP407873, respectively. Short notes, morphological measurements, illustrations, and molecular data are given to these species. These species are reported for the first time from Ethiopia and it provides new geographical information of these organisms.

scholarly journals Five Species of Plant Parasitic Nematodes (Order: Tylenchidae) Affecting Vegetable Crops of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Arvind K. Keshari ◽  
Ranjana Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Parasitic

During a survey for plant parasitic nematodes affecting various vegetable crops grown in three hilly districts surrounding Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, five species of order Tylenchidae are reported for the first time from Nepal.The nematode species are Hoplolaimus indicus, Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi, Helicotylenchus incisus, Microposthonia paraxestis and Hemicriconemoides cocophilus.All the species are illustrated with line diagrams and described with their morphometric data along with localities and host plants.International Journal of Life Sciences 10 (1) : 2016; 10-16

Survey of fungi and nematodes associated with root and stolon diseases of white clover in the subtropical dairy region of Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Zahid ◽  
G. M. Gurr ◽  
A. Nikandrow ◽  
M. Hodda ◽  
W. J. Fulkerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
New South ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time

A survey of 12 white clover-based dairy pastures on the north coast of New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland, Australia, detected 65 species of fungi and 6 nematode species. The fungi included species of Fusarium, Gliocladium, Codinaea, Alternaria, Colletotrichum, Drechslera, Rhizoctonia, Phoma, Pythium, Phytophthora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma from roots and stolons of white clover. Fungal rots of roots and stolons were most severe during the summer months (November and January samples), while root-knot symptoms caused by plant parasitic nematodes were more severe in June. Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes Meloidogyne trifoliophila, Heterodera trifolii and the ectoparasitic nematode Helicotylenchus dihystera were the numerically dominant nematodes in the region. Other nematode species, including Pratylenchus, Xiphinema and Tylenchorhynchus, were present at lower frequencies and principal component analysis indicated that these were less important as white clover pathogens. Meloidogyne trifoliophila was detected for the first time in Australia and was present at all sites. Many of the fungi and nematodes found are common pathogens of white clover. These pathogens are likely to be contributing to the poor seedling performance, growth and persistence of white clover typical in dairy pastures of the subtropical east coast of Australia.

scholarly journals Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cultivated and wild olive trees in Crete, Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Archidona-Yuste ◽  
C. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽  
J.E. Palomares-Rius ◽  
P. Castillo ◽  
E.A. Tzortzakakis
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Parasitic

SummaryThe present study is part of a survey for the identification of plant-parasitic nematodes in the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olive trees in Crete, Greece. Sixteen species corresponding to 13 genera are added to 20 species belonging to 8 genera, previously reported in the survey. Seven nematode species, Filenchus ditissimus, Filenchus vulgaris, Ogma civellae, Pratylenchoides crenicauda, Psilenchus hilarulus, Tylenchus elegans, and Zygotylenchus guevarai, are recorded for the first time in Greece.

Plant-parasitic nematodes in field crops in South Africa. 6. Soybean

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander McDonald ◽  
Hendrika Fourie ◽  
Gideon Loots
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pratylenchus Zeae ◽  
Plant Parasitic ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

AbstractTwelve plant-parasitic nematode genera and 25 species were identified in soil and root samples collected from 17 localities in the soybean production areas of South Africa during the 1995/96 season. Predominant endoparasites found included Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, M. hapla, M. ethiopica, Pratylenchus zeae and P. brachyurus. Meloidogyne species occurred in 91% of all root samples, P. zeae in 87% and P. brachyurus in 33%. The occurrence of the three predominant endoparasites was not restricted to sandy soil, but they were also prevalent in soils with high clay contents. Other endoparasitic nematode species were Pratylenchus crenatus, P. teres, P. neglectus, P. thornei, Rotylenchulus parvus and Ditylenchus africanus. Nematodes found in soil included Helicotylenchus dihystera and Scutellonema brachyurus, which occurred in 78 and 71%, respectively, of all soil samples. Other nematodes found in soil samples were Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, H. digonicus, H. microcephalus, Scutellonema truncatum, Rotylenchus unisexus, Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum, Paratrichodorus minor, Longidorus pisi, Xiphinema vanderlindei, X. elongatum and Tylenchorhynchus goffarti. Highest prominence values (PV) for Meloidogyne species were recorded on cultivars Prima, Bakgat, Tamboti, Hutcheson and Knap and the lowest on cultivars PAN812, SCS1, Nyala, Gazelle and A7119. Eight nematode genera and 19 species extracted during this study are reported for the first time in association with soybean in South Africa.

scholarly journals New records of plant-parasitic nematodes from Iceland

Polar Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661
Author(s):  
Łukasz Flis ◽  
Franciszek Wojciech Kornobis ◽  
Magdalena Kubicz ◽  
Jón Guðmundsson
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nematode Biodiversity ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract The plant-parasitic nematodes of Iceland are poorly understood. To address this, a study of the nematodes of the families Criconematidae and Hemicycliophoridae was performed in 2015. Soil samples were taken from underneath various host plants in different locations in Iceland. The identification was performed on the basis of the general morphology and subsequently confirmed by molecular markers (D2-D3 28S rDNA). The study revealed the presence of nematode specimens belonging to four species of the family Criconematidae: Criconemoides amorphus, Criconema demani, Mesocriconema xenoplax and Mesocriconema curvatum, as well as one species Hemicycliophora conida of the family Hemicycliophoridae. To our knowledge, this is the first record of the occurrence of these nematode species in Iceland. The species identified are economically important plant-parasitic nematodes of likely interest to—among others—Icelandic plant protection professionals. This report broadens our knowledge of Iceland’s nematode biodiversity; moreover, morphological analyses and molecular data may contribute to better understanding the origin of nematode species on the island of Iceland.

scholarly journals Descriptions of digenean parasites from three snail species, Bithynia fuchsiana (Morelet), Parafossarulus striatulus Benson and Melanoides tuberculata Müller, in North Vietnam

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Besprozvannykh ◽  
H. Ngo ◽  
N. Ha ◽  
N. Hung ◽  
K. Rozhkovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Melanoides Tuberculata ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
First Time

Abstract For first time, 3 species of prosobranchial snails (Bithynia fuchsiana, Parafossarulus striatulus (Bithyniidae) and Melanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae)) from North Vietnam were studied for presence of the parthenitae and cercariae of Trematoda. The morphology of 12 species of larvae belonging to 8 families (Cyathocotylidae, Pleurogenidae, Lecithodendriidae, Paramphistomidae, Heterophyidae, Notocotylidae, Psilostomidae and Echinostomatidae) was described. Data on the life cycles of 3 species (Echinochasmus japonicus, Notocotylus intestinalis and Sphaeridiotrema monorchis) as well as molecular data on 28S rDNA were obtained. There was no intraspecific variability found in any of the sequences examined. The 28S rDNA sequence length determined for N. intestinalis was 1315 bp, while that of S. monorchis was 1292 bp, and that of E. japonicus was 1288 bp.

Host suitability of summer cover crops to Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. incognita and M. javanica

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hung X. Bui ◽  
Johan A. Desaeger
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Host Suitability ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Host Status ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass

Summary Cover crops can be a useful tool for managing plant-parasitic nematodes provided they are poor or non-hosts for the target nematode species. A glasshouse experiment was done to determine the host status of four common cover crops in Florida, sunn hemp, cowpea, sorghum sudangrass and sunflower, to pure populations of four common tropical root-knot nematode (RKN) species Meloidogyne javanica (Mj), M. incognita (Mi), M. enterolobii (Me) and M. arenaria (Ma). Tomato was included as a susceptible control. Eight weeks after nematode inoculation (WAI), tomato showed the highest root gall damage for all tested RKN species, with gall indices (GI) between 7 (Ma) and 8.5 (Me) and reproduction factor (RF) ranging from 20 (Ma) to 50 (Mj). No visible root galls were observed for any of the RKN species on sunn hemp and sorghum sudangrass at 8 WAI. However, Mj and Mi were able to reproduce slightly on sorghum sudangrass (RF = 0.02 and 0.79, respectively). Sunflower and cowpea were infected by all four tested RKN species, but host suitability varied. Sunflower root galling ranged from 1.1 (Me) to 4.5 (Mj) and RF = 3.2 (Me) to 28.7 (Mj), while cowpea root galling ranged from 0.6 (Mi) to 5.1 (Me) and RF = 0.8 (Mi) to 67.3 (Mj). Sunn hemp and, to a lesser extent, sorghum sudangrass were poor hosts to all four tested RKN species. Sunflower was a good host to all RKN species, but root gall damage and RF were lowest for Me. Cowpea was a good host to Mj, Me and Ma, but a poor host to Mi. Our results confirm and stress the importance of RKN species identification when selecting cover crops as an RKN management strategy.

The differentiation of parasitic nematodes using random amplified polymorphic DNA

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Chacón ◽  
E. Rodriguez ◽  
R.M.E. Parkhouse ◽  
P.R. Burrows ◽  
T. Garate
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Nematode ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dna Profiles

AbstractDNA from species and races of plant parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne, Globodera and Heterodera) and a human parasitic nematode (Trichinella) were subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification using one arbitrary primer (M-10). This technique results in relatively simple DNA profiles that include polymorphic markers known as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs). The RAPD profiles of the plant nematode species of Meloidogyne made possible the identification of M. incognita and M. hapla, but no differences were found between the patterns of M. javanica, M. arenaria and M. graminicola. Moreover, the four races of M. incognita were indistinguishable by this primer. In contrast, when races of the plant nematode Globodera rostochiensis (Ro1 and Ro2/3) were studied under the same RAPDs conditions, a race specific profile allows these two most devastating races to be differentiated. When DNAs of eight Trichinella isolates were subjected to RAPD studies, four different patterns were identified, corresponding to the four Trichinella clusters previously defined by isozyme polymorphism.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Turfgrasses in North Carolina and South Carolina, United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
James Kerns ◽  
Lane Tredway ◽  
Samuel Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

The near-full-length 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer 1 region were amplified and sequenced from 52 nematode populations belonging to 28 representative species in 13 families recovered from turfgrasses in North Carolina (38 populations) and South Carolina (14 populations). This study also included 13 nematode populations from eight other plant hosts from North Carolina for comparison. Nematodes were molecularly characterized and the phylogenetic relationships were explored based on 18S rDNA sequences. Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference was performed using five groups of the plant-parasitic nematode populations Tylenchids, Criconematids, Longidorids, Xiphinematids, and Trichodorids. The 65 nematode populations were clustered correspondingly within appropriate positions of 13 families, including Belonolaimidae, Caloosiidae, Criconematidae, Dolichodoridae, Hemicycliophoridae, Hoplolaimidae, Heteroderidae, Longidoridae, Meloidogynidae, Paratylenchidae, Pratylenchidae, Telotylenchidae, and Trichodoridae. This study confirms previous morphological-based identification of the plant-parasitic nematode species found in turfgrasses and provides a framework for future studies of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with turfgrasses based upon DNA sequences and phylogenetic relationships.

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