The physical attribute construction in Japanese and the cognate object construction in English

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Hatakeyama ◽  
Kensuke Honda ◽  
Kosuke Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Object Construction ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
Attribute Construction

AbstractThis paper deals with the physical attribute construction (PAC) in Japanese such as Cameron Diaz-wa kireina me-o siteiru ‘Cameron Diaz has beautiful eyes’. This paper points out that the PAC shares some properties with the cognate object construction (COC) in English such as The tree grew a century's growth within only ten years. The properties include: (i) the obligatory presence of the modifier, (ii) the semantic focus on the modifier, (iii) the inability to be passivized and (iv) the inability to be operator-moved. Based upon these properties, this paper reaches the conclusion that the English COC involving unaccusative verbs is the counterpart of the Japanese PAC. Furthermore some principled accounts are given to those properties.

scholarly journals In the south slavonic garden: landscaping the landscape od arguments and non-arguments

Linguistica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-209
Author(s):  
Marijana Marelj
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
First Order ◽  
Clear Case ◽  
Object Construction ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
Adverbial Modifiers ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
First Order Predicates

This paper deals with morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of the so-called Cognate Object Construction with particular reference to Serbo-Croatian and Slovene. The relevance of an examination of such morphologically robust languages is manifold. It facilitates an understanding of some of the puzzling properties of the construction cross linguistically, offers a way of explaining the noted disagreement regarding judgments found in the literature on Germanic languages such as English and also presents a clear case where (contrary to the dominant view in the literature) morphology seems to deceive, rather than inform us, about syntax. Based on a barrage of tests, I argue that there are two types of cognate objects: arguments and non-arguments. Extending the treatment of modifiers within the Davidsonian tradition to the latter, I analyse them as first-order predicates. This allows me to capture their core properties, among which is the obligatory modification, something unaccounted for in the literature. The semantic parallelism between the adverbial modifiers and non-ACOs extends to the syntax as well. Treating non-ACOs as adjuncts solves the problem of the scarcity of syntactic space that arises with unaccusative verbs that license them. ACOs, on the other hand, behave syntactically and semantically like run-of-the-mill arguments and a run-of-the-mill transitive syntax can be maintained (for a majority of them) instead.

Why is this happened? Passive morphology and unaccusativity

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Balcom
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Syntactic Rule ◽  
English Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs

Zobl discussed inappropriate passive morphology (‘be’ and the past participle) in the English writing of L2 learners, linking its occurrence to the class of unaccusative verbs and proposing that learners subsume unaccusatives under the syntactic rule for passive formation. The research reported here supports and amplifies Zobl' proposal, based on a grammaticality judgement task and a controlled production task containing verbs from a variety of subclasses of unaccusatives. The tasks were administered to Chinese L1 learners of English and a control group of English native speakers. Results show that subjects both used and judged as grammatical inappropriate passive morphology with all verbs falling under the rubric of unaccusativity. The article concludes with linguistic representations which maintain Zobl’s insights but are consistent with current theories of argument structure.

scholarly journals Predicate union and the syntax of Japanese passives

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY DUBINSKY
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs

This paper presents a relational account of the Japanese constructions that are commonly referred to as ‘passives’. They are shown to all be multipredicate, monoclausal constructions, with the differences between them primarily attributable to optionality in the lexical argument structure of the ‘passive’ predicate. The proposed analysis explains the differences between passives and causatives, despite their sometimes identical case-marking. Further, evidence from the interaction of unaccusative verbs and passive is shown to lead to a formal revision of the 1-Advancement Exclusiveness law. Finally, the differences between Japanese and Korean with respect to passives is reduced to a simple lexical difference between the two languages.

Idioms in Verb-object Constructions

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-209
Author(s):  
Chinfa Lien
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Object Construction ◽  
Southern Min ◽  
Semantic Compositionality ◽  
Personal Behavior ◽  
Semantic Distinction ◽  
Tripartite Relationship ◽  
Taiwanese Southern Min

This paper examines the issues of idioms in verb-object constructions in Taiwanese Southern Min and Mandarin. The idioms in question fall into two categories: (1) idioms that express a personal behavior, and (2) idioms that show an interpersonal relationship. The second type can be further divided into two subtypes: (2a) cases where only two parties are involved, and (2b) cases that feature a tripartite relationship. Such a semantic distinction carries its syntactic consequences. There is also a fine-grained distinction among idioms in terms of degree of semantic compositionality: (1) idioms that are characterized by an absolute non-compositionality, and (2) idioms in which the meanings of some constituents are calculatable in terms of the mechanism of metaphor. Some idioms of the former type can be analyed vis-a-vis the pivot based upon homophony. Referntiality of the object in the verb-object construction has an intimate relationship with its syntactic flexibility.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF READING ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS ON L2 READING PROCESSES AND NOTICING OF GLOSSED CONSTRUCTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jookyoung Jung ◽  
Andrea Révész
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Reading ◽  
L2 Reading ◽  
Reading Processes ◽  
Stimulated Recall ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
Reading Activity ◽  
Reading Activities ◽  
Korean Learners ◽  
Korean Learners Of English

AbstractThis study examined the extent to which manipulating the characteristics of second language reading activities affects the reading process and noticing of glossed linguistic constructions. Thirty-eight Korean learners of English read two texts under conditions that required more or less careful reading. For the condition intended to promote more careful reading, each paragraph of the texts was divided into three or four subparts. For the condition expected to elicit less careful reading, each paragraph was split into two sections. While reading the texts, the participants’ eye movements were recorded. Eleven students were further invited to participate in stimulated recall protocols. The target constructions were English unaccusative verbs and 10 pseudowords, which were glossed with Korean translations. The eye movement and stimulated recall data indicated that, as predicted, the participants processed the texts more carefully and attended to the target verbs more closely when paragraphs were divided into more subparts.

scholarly journals Locating variation in the dative alternation

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Double Object ◽  
British English ◽  
Double Object Construction ◽  
Dative Alternation ◽  
Object Construction ◽  
Main Variety ◽  
Syntactic Properties

This paper investigates the structure of the dative alternation in dialects of Northwest British English. This includes theme passivization of apparent Double Object Constructions (It was given her). Detailed investigation shows that different dialects use distinct licensing strategies to derive the Theme passive structure. The main variety discussed is Liverpool English, where Theme passivisation is shown to derive from a prepositional dative with a null preposition. In contrast, Manchester English, a neighbouring variety, derives Theme passives of the Double Object Construction, via an Applicative configuration (Haddican 2010, Haddican and Holmberg 2012). The study shows that a range of syntactic properties and restrictions on a structure can be traced back to variation in the functional lexicon.

Exploring epicentres empirically

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Th. Gries ◽  
Tobias Bernaisch
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Double Object ◽  
Indian English ◽  
British English ◽  
Double Object Construction ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Dative Alternation ◽  
Object Construction

The present paper studies the dative alternation with GIVE, i.e. the alternation between the double-object construction (e.g. John gave Mary a book) and the prepositional dative (e.g. John gave a book to Mary), in relation to the norms underlying this constructional choice in six South Asian Englishes. Via Multifactorial Prediction and Deviation Analysis with Regression (MuPDAR) including random effects, we identify (i) factors triggering different constructional choices in South Asian Englishes in comparison to British English and (ii) the linguistic epicentre of English in South Asia with regard to the dative alternation. We are able to show that discourse accessibility of patient and recipient as well as pronominality of recipient are actuators of structural nativisation in South Asian Englishes and — in agreement with a more general sociolinguistic approach — find via a bottom-up approach that Indian English may be regarded as the linguistic epicentre of English for South Asia.

DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL PERCEPTIONS IN PRESCHOOL AGE THROUGH GEOMETRIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE APPLICATION OF A COMPETENCE APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Krasimira Dimitrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Age ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Geometric Transformations ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Object Construction ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The University ◽  
Mathematical Preparation ◽  
Concrete Image

During preschool age a number of notions are formed related to the development of the child’s personality. Orienteering within space is part of the mathematical preparation of children in kindergarten. This section is one of the most difficult to master. A specific feature of childhood is the concrete-image thinking. To perceive the world around them, children need many examples. Preschoolers handle objects – they rotate, move, but do not analyze their actions. This paper describes the need and role of setting appropriate cognitive tasks to promote the development of spatial orientation of preschool children. The main part of the cognitive tasks related to the formation of spatial perceptions is intended to be mastered through the mathematical educations. Insufficient provision of materials and difficulty in perception by children do not motivate teachers to prefer to work in time for additional activities. It is this fact that provokes us to show that many resources can be created that are interesting for children and at the same time have great cognitive value. Practical developments about the topic are presented, which are realized in the education of students – future pedagogues. Various options are proposed, related to translation or transfer of an object, construction of objects and counting of geometric figures. The presented practical results are part of a study of the possibilities for applying a competency approach in kindergarten. In order to achieve a change in the educational system, it is necessary the University to prepare young educators for a new way of pedagogical interaction.

Landscape reclamation of open pits – an innovative direction in architecture

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
G.I. Bykova ◽  
O.V. Kostochkina ◽  
E.I. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Compositional Techniques ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Object Construction ◽  
Technogenic Landscapes ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article reflects the issues of transformation of landscapes damaged by craters of spent stone quarries located in urban and suburban areas to create safe and favorable conditions for human life. The following issues are considered by the author: planning organization of the site taking into account the specifics of the terrain, natural and biological factors; design practice of object construction with various types of civil purpose (residential and public buildings); use of certain compositional techniques; development of an artistic and imaginative solution in a harmonious relationship between the aesthetics of technogenic landscapes and objects of new civil use.

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