PAPR Reduction in OFDM Signal by Incorporating Mu-Law Companding Approach into Enhanced PTS Scheme

AbstractOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a potential transmission approach for high capacity communication systems. Despite the many advantages of OFDM, the major downside is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which increases the system complexity, reduces the efficiency of the system, causes degradation in BER performance, and makes OFDM sensitive to nonlinear distortion in the transmission. Various methods have been proposed to deal with the PAPR problem, including the partial transmit sequence (PTS) that has attracted considerable attention. Hence, this paper presents a hybrid approach combining an enhanced PTS technique with Mu-Law companding. The PTS technique was enhanced through improving its sub-block partitioning scheme, where the enhanced partitioning scheme consolidated a conventional interleaved partitioning into an adjacent partitioning scheme. This incorporation of Mu-Law characteristic in time domain for PAPR reduction in OFDM essentially enhances the PAPR reduction performance, based on using numerical simulation results. Consequently, though the pseudorandom sub-block partition method obtains better PAPR reduction more than the other sub-block partition schemes (interleaved and adjacent) of ordinary PTS, it is quite difficult to be designed. The findings show that the enhanced PTS technique with Mu-Law companding, while maintaining low computational complexity, performs significantly better than the pseudorandom partitioning PTS on various types of modulation formats and subcarriers.

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Boosted PTS Method with Mu-Law Companding Techniques for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems

10.21203/rs.3.rs-386678/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zeyid Ibraheem ◽

Kawakib k ◽

Yousef Fazea ◽

Mohammed Madi ◽

Fathey Mohammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computational Complexity ◽

Communication System ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Average Power ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Low Computational Complexity ◽

Block Partition

Abstract Perpendicular rate of recurrence splitting up a group of numeral television or radio channels that are mixed together for broadcast Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing which can be a potential diffusion method for elevating the transmission capacity of the communication systems. In spite of the significance of OFDM, the primary issue of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which augments communication system complications, reduces the effectiveness of the communication system, resulting in low performance of bit-error-rate (BER), and making OFDM perceptive toward non-linear distortion within a broadcast. Various techniques were projected for treating PAPR issues, inclusive of partial transmit sequence (PTS) which captivated great interest. Thus, this paper proposed a hybrid method inclusive of a boosted PTS scheme with Mu-law compressing and expanding approach. The PTS approach was boosted through boosting its sub-block partitioning scheme, the place where the aggrandized partitioning scheme consolidated a conventional interleaved partitioning into an adjacent partitioning scheme. The present merger concerning Mu-Law characteristic in time domain for PAPR reduction in OFDM fundamentally boosts PAPR diminution performance. Accordingly, though the simulated pseudorandom sub-block partition method improved PAPR diminution supplementary further than other sub-block partition schemes appertaining to conventional PTS, while maintaining low computational complexity. The findings show that the boosted PTS scheme with Mu-law expanding approach, whilst upholding low computational complexity, achieves considerably superior to the pseudorandom partitioning PTS with regard to various type of modulation format and subcarriers.

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Palm Date Leaf Clipping: A New Method to Reduce PAPR in OFDM Systems

Information ◽

10.3390/info11040190 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 190 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brahim Bakkas ◽

Reda Benkhouya ◽

Idriss Chana ◽

Hussain Ben-Azza

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

High Speed ◽

Average Power ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Frequency Division ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Leaf Clipping ◽

Hyperbolic Cosine ◽

Transmitted Signal

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is the key technology used in high-speed communication systems. One of the major drawbacks of OFDM systems is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signal. The transmitted signal with a high PAPR requires a very large linear range of the Power Amplifier (PA) on the transmitter side. In this paper, we propose and study a new clipping method named Palm Clipping (Palm date leaf) based on hyperbolic cosine. To evaluate and analyze its performance in terms of the PAPR and Bit Error Rate (BER), we performed some computer simulations by varying the Clipping Ratio (CR) and modulation schemes. The obtained results show that it is possible to achieve a gain of between 7 and 9 dB in terms of PAPR reduction depending on the type of modulation. In addition, comparison with several techniques in terms of PAPR and BER shows that our method is a strong alternative that can be adopted as a PAPR reduction technique for OFDM-based communication systems.

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Effect of Controlling Parameters of Tone Reservation Based on Null Subcarriers (TRNS) on the Performance of OFDM Systems

International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development ◽

10.4018/ijskd.2020040103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 45-62

Author(s):

Mohamed Mounir ◽

Mohamed Bakry El Mashade

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Average Power ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Peak Reduction ◽

High Data ◽

Tone Reservation ◽

Number Of Iterations

High data rate communication systems usually implement Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to face frequency selectivity. High Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is an OFDM disadvantage that causes Bit Error Rate (BER) degradation and out-of-band (OOB) radiation when OFDM signal pass through nonlinear Power Amplifier (PA). In order to overcome this problem larger Input Back-Off (IBO) is required. However, large IBO decreases the PA efficiency. PAPR reduction techniques are used to reduce the required IBO, so that PA efficiency is saved. Several PAPR reduction methods are introduced in literature, among them Tone Reservation based on Null Subcarriers (TRNS) is downward compatible version of Tone Reservation (TR) with small excess in the average power and low computational complexity compared to others. As will be shown, TRNS is the best practical one of the four downward compatible techniques. Performance of TRNS is controlled by three parameters; number of peak reduction tones (PRTs), predefined threshold (Amax), and number of iterations (Itr). In order to increase PAPR reduction gain, enhance BER performance, and reduce the required IBO to follow the given power spectral density (PSD), we have to choose the values of these parameters adequately. Results showed that, we have to reduce the threshold value to the average (i.e. Amax =0 dB). Also, we have to increase number of PRTs. However, we have to maintain the spectrum shape. Finally, we have to choose moderate number of iterations (e.g. Itr ≈50), as excessive increase in number of iterations is not useful, especially at high PAPR values.

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PAPR Reduction Using Fireworks Search Optimization Algorithm in MIMO-OFDM Systems

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/3075890 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lahcen Amhaimar ◽

Saida Ahyoud ◽

Ali Elyaakoubi ◽

Abdelmoumen Kaabal ◽

Kamal Attari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computational Complexity ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽

Average Power ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Main Concern ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Fireworks Algorithm ◽

Mimo Ofdm

The transceiver combination technology, of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), provides a viable alternative to enhance the quality of service and simultaneously to achieve high spectral efficiency and data rate for wireless mobile communication systems. However, the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is the main concern that should be taken into consideration in the MIMO-OFDM system. Partial transmit sequences (PTSs) is a promising scheme and straightforward method, able to achieve an effective PAPR reduction performance, but it requires an exhaustive search to find the optimum phase factors, which causes high computational complexity increased with the number of subblocks. In this paper, a reduced computational complexity PTS scheme is proposed, based on a novel swarm intelligence algorithm, called fireworks algorithm (FWA). Simulation results confirmed the adequacy and the effectiveness of the proposed method which can effectively reduce the computation complexity while keeping good PAPR reduction. Moreover, it turns out from the results that the proposed PTS scheme-based FWA clearly outperforms the hottest and most important evolutionary algorithm in the literature like simulated annealing (SA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and genetic algorithm (GA).

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PAPR Reduction for Improved Efficiency of OFDM Modulation for Next Generation Communication Systems

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v6i5.10878 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2310

Author(s):

Shatrughna Prasad Yadav ◽

Subhash Chandra Bera

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Radio Channel ◽

Average Power ◽

Mapping Method ◽

Cumulative Distribution ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Modulation Format ◽

High Power Amplifier ◽

Saturation Region

<p>Highly linear power amplifiers are required for transferring large amount of data for future communication. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) provides high data rate transmission capability with robustness to radio channel impairments. It has been widely accepted for future communication for different services. But, it suffers from high value of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). High value of PAPR drives high power amplifier into its saturation region and causes it to operate in the nonlinear region. In this paper, comparative study of four different PAPR reduction techniques: clipping and filtering (CF), selective mapping method (SLM), partial transmit sequence (PTS) and DFT- spread technique have been done. Mathematical modeling and Matlab simulations have been performed to arrive at the results with 4 QAM modulation format and 1024 number of sub carriers. At 0.01 % of complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) significant reduction of 11.3, 3.5, 3.4 and 1.0 dB have been obtained with DFT- spread, SLM, PTS and CF techniques respectively.</p>

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The Extended SLM Combined Autoencoder of the PAPR Reduction Scheme in DCO-OFDM Systems

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9050852 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 852 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lili Hao ◽

Dongyi Wang ◽

Yang Tao ◽

Wenyong Cheng ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Loss Function ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Average Power ◽

Cumulative Distribution ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Communication Problems ◽

Reduction Methods ◽

Ber Performance

End-to-end learning in optical communication systems is a promising technique to solve difficult communication problems, especially for peak to average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The less complex, highly adaptive hardware and advantages in the analysis of unknown or complex channels make deep learning a valid tool to improve system performance. In this paper, we propose an autoencoder network combined with extended selected mapping methods (ESLM-AE) to reduce the PAPR for the DC-biased optical OFDM system and to minimize the bit error rate (BER). The constellation mapping/de-mapping of the transmitted symbols and the phase factor of each subcarrier are acquired and optimized adaptively by training the autoencoder with a combined loss function. In the loss function, both the PAPR and BER performance are taken into account. The simulation results show that a significant PAPR reduction of more than 10 dB has been achieved by using the ESLM-AE scheme in terms of the complementary cumulative distribution function. Furthermore, the proposed scheme exhibits better BER performance compared to the standard PAPR reduction methods.

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New Hybrid PAPR Reduction Techniques for OFDM-Based Visible Light Communication Systems

Journal of Optical Communications ◽

10.1515/joc-2017-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 427-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haitham Freag ◽

Emad S. Hassan ◽

Sami A. El-Dolil ◽

Moawad I. Dessouky

Keyword(s):

Visible Light ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

High Speed ◽

Average Power ◽

Visible Light Communication ◽

Cumulative Distribution ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Reduction Techniques ◽

Ber Performance

Abstract Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is used with visible light communication (VLC) systems to reduce the effects of inter-symbol interference (ISI) and to achieve communication with high speed of data transmission and huge bandwidth. However, OFDM-based VLC systems suffer from high peak-to-average power ratios (PAPRs). This paper proposes a new hybrid PAPR reduction technique based on signal transformation combined with clipping. The Hadamard transform is used in the proposed technique due to its advantages in reducing the PAPR without affecting the bit error rate (BER) of VLC systems. The optimum clipping threshold at which we can simultaneously reduce the PAPR and improve the BER of VLC systems is also determined. In this paper, we also propose a new OFDM structure based on using discrete cosine transform (DCT) precoding before inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) stage to further improve the PAPR reduction capability and BER performance. Several experiments are carried out to test the performance of the proposed technique in terms of complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) and the BER. The obtained results show that the proposed technique can simultaneously reduce the PAPR and achieve good BER performance when compared to the original OFDM-based VLC system.

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Experimental Demonstration for PAPR Reduction in OFDM System Using Partial-OSLM Technique

Journal of Circuits System and Computers ◽

10.1142/s0218126618501062 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (07) ◽

pp. 1850106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. I. Al-Rayif ◽

H. Seleem ◽

A. Ragheb ◽

S. Alshebeili

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Side Information ◽

Average Power ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Power Spectral ◽

Comparable Performance ◽

4G Wireless ◽

Selective Mapping

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is proposed in 4G wireless communication systems, and is under consideration for the next generation 5G systems. This is due to the higher spectral efficiency (SE) and the better immunity to channel distortions. One of the shortcomings in OFDM is its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Several schemes have been proposed to reduce the PAPR in OFDM systems. This includes clipping, coding, and pre/post-distortion schemes with or without side information. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate one of the most promising method, to mitigate the effect of PAPR, entitled the partial orthogonal selective mapping (POSLM). The experimental results show a comparable performance with respect to the simulation results in terms of PAPR reduction, power spectral density (PSD), and bit error rate (BER) metrics.

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A Novel SLM Scheme for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications ◽

10.1155/2011/195740 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tian-Ming Ma ◽

Yu-Song Shi ◽

Ying-Guan Wang

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

Complexity Analysis ◽

Average Power ◽

Papr Reduction ◽

The Novel ◽

Ofdm Systems ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Transmission Technique ◽

High Bit Rate

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is an attractive transmission technique for high-bit-rate communication systems. One major drawback of OFDM is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter's output signal. A novel selected mapping (SLM) scheme is proposed, which employs matrix transformation, cyclically shifting, and linear combining algorithm to generate new candidates. The novel scheme requires only one IFFT and gets more candidate transmission signals throughout the entire process. The complexity analysis and simulation results show that this algorithm can dramatically reduce computational complexity comparing with the conventional SLM scheme as in Hill et al., 2000; Yang et al., 2009; Wang and Ouyang, 2005; Li et al., 2010; and Heo et al., 2007 under the similar PAPR reduction performance.

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