scholarly journals Two modified Zagreb indices for random structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Siman Li ◽  
Li Shi ◽  
Wei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Random Structure ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Second Zagreb Index ◽  
Important Index ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Random Structures

Abstract Random structure plays an important role in the composition of compounds, and topological index is an important index to measure indirectly the properties of compounds. The Zagreb indices and its revised versions (or redefined versions) are frequently used chemical topological indices, which provide the theoretical basis for the determination of various physical-chemical properties of compounds. This article uses the tricks of probability theory to determine the reduced second Zagreb index and hyper-Zagreb index of two kinds of vital random graphs: G(n, p) and G(n, m).

scholarly journals Born out of Fire and Ice: Polymorph Studies of the Antiviral Famciclovir

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Liana Vella-Zarb ◽  
Ulrich Baisch
Keyword(s):  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystal Forms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Crystalline Forms

There is much interest and focus on solid forms of famciclovir. However, in spite of the abundance of reported differences in oral bioavailability, compressibility, and other physical–chemical properties of the various crystal forms of this drug, very little precise structural analysis is available in the literature to date. The form used in the commercial formulation is the anhydrous form I. Patents and patent applications report three different anhydrous crystalline forms on the basis of unindexed powder diffraction patterns. Single-crystal and variable-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments using the commercially available anhydrous form of famciclovir were carried out and led not only to the crystal structure determination of the anhydrous form I, but also to discovery of a new crystal form of anhydrous famciclovir from powder data.

scholarly journals Technology of functional bread using sorghum flour

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00196
Author(s):  
Olga Temnikova ◽  
Elena Rudenko ◽  
Galina Mukovnina ◽  
Anna Ruzyanova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Functional Bread

The production of functional bread is considered in this paper. It is suggested to make bread using mix of wheat and sorghum flour. Mathematical modeling of experiment in order to calculate the optimal dosage of sorghum flour in the recipe was carried out. It was established that introduction of sorghum flour allows decreasing the amount of sugar in the recipes. The determination of physical-chemical properties of bread samples was conducted. Acidity, wet content and porosity of bread samples were determined. Obtained bread can be classified as functional because the portion of the bread contains more than 15 % of magnesium, manganese and silicon daily intake.

scholarly journals On Leap Reduced Reciprocal Randic and Leap Reduced Second Zagreb Indices of Some Graphs

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Fazal Dayan ◽  
Muhammad Javaid ◽  
Muhammad Aziz ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Topological Indices ◽  
Randić Index ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
Randic Index ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Second Zagreb Index ◽  
Second Degree

Naji et al. introduced the leap Zagreb indices of a graph in 2017 which are new distance-degree-based topological indices conceived depending on the second degree of vertices. In this paper, we have defined the first and second leap reduced reciprocal Randic index and leap reduced second Zagreb index for selected wheel related graphs.

scholarly journals Hyper Zagreb indices of composite graphs

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila Devi ◽  
V. Kaladevi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
First Zagreb Index ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Second Zagreb Index ◽  
The First Zagreb Index ◽  
Thorn Graph

For a (molecular) graph, the first Zagreb index M1 is equal to the sum of squares of the degrees of vertices, and the second Zagreb index M2 is equal to the sum of the products of the degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices. Similarly, the hyper Zagreb index is defined as the sum of square of degree of vertices over all the edges.  In this paper, First we obtain the hyper Zagreb indices of some derived graphs and the generalized transformations graphs. Finally, the hyper Zagreb indices of double, extended double, thorn graph, subdivision vertex corona of graphs, Splice and link graphs are obtained.

scholarly journals Computing Some Degree-Based Topological Indices of Honeycomb Networks

Complexity ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lili Gu ◽  
Shamaila Yousaf ◽  
Akhlaq Ahmad Bhatti ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Adnan Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Connectivity Index ◽  
Silicate Network ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
First Order ◽  
Second Zagreb Index ◽  
Chain Silicate

A topological index is a numeric quantity related with the chemical composition claiming to correlate the chemical structure with different chemical properties. Topological indices serve to predict physicochemical properties of chemical substance. Among different topological indices, degree-based topological indices would be helpful in investigating the anti-inflammatory activities of certain chemical networks. In the current study, we determine the neighborhood second Zagreb index and the first extended first-order connectivity index for oxide network O X n , silicate network S L n , chain silicate network C S n , and hexagonal network H X n . Also, we determine the neighborhood second Zagreb index and the first extended first-order connectivity index for honeycomb network H C n .

CAFFEINE ANALYSIS BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY RELATED TO THE PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF COFFEE AND SURROGATES

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Cristina Mihali ◽  
◽  
Ionut Grad ◽  
Thomas Dippong ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of different types of coffee, decaffeinated and of two types of coffee substitutes based on barley and chicory. The following physical-chemical characteristics were performed: moisture, pH, content of polyphenols and qualitatively determination of caffeine, by thin-layer chromatography. The moisture of the investigated coffee and substitutes of coffee was in the range 1,5 and 3,6%. By analyzing the moisture of the coffee substitutes, we observed that coffee based on barley has the highest moisture and chicory has the lowest value. The caffeine was qualitatively determined by thin-layer chromatography. It was found that all types of the investigated samples contain caffeine excepting decaffeinated coffee. Polyphenols content of the analysed coffee samples varied in the range of 2.8-3.2 mg/g.

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