Effect of the paper surface properties on the ink transfer parameters in offset printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Cigula ◽  
Tamara Tomašegović ◽  
Tomislav Hudika
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Ink Transfer ◽  
Paper Classification

Abstract Paper has a crucial impact on the qualitative properties of printed product as properties of the paper’s surface directly impact the ink transfer, consequently, basic optical properties of the print. Although same ISO paper type, papers possess variable surface properties leading to different influence on the ink transfer. The aim of this research was to analyse influence of the surface properties of the paper, including surface free energy, smoothness and gloss of some standard papers used in lithography on the ink transfer while matching the colorimetric values defined by ISO 12647-2:2013. Determination of amount of the ink transfer, optical density, mottling and colour difference of prints were performed to evaluate paper-ink interactions. Results have shown that produced prints differ in the investigated properties. Furthermore, there are significant correlations between the surface free energy of the paper and paper smoothness and the ink transfer. In addition, amount of ink used to produce a standardized print varies for different paper types (even in the same ISO paper classification), meaning difference in ink costs. This research proved the high influence of paper’s certain parameters on the ink transfer by strong correlation coefficients. This enables better process control and optimization of the printing.

scholarly journals On factors affecting surface free energy of carbon black for reinforcing rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangyong Zhang ◽  
Ruipeng Zhong ◽  
Ruoyu Hong ◽  
David Hui
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Chromatographic Column ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Carrier Gas Flow

AbstractThe surface activity of carbon black (CB) is an important factor affecting the reinforcement of rubber. The quantitative determination of the surface activity (surface free energy) of CB is of great significance. A simplified formula is obtained to determine the free energy of CB surface through theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation. The surface free energy for four kinds of industrial CBs were measured by inverse gas chromatography, and the influential factors were studied. The results showed that the aging time of the chromatographic column plays an important role in accurate measurement of the surface free energy of CB, in comparison with the influences from the inlet pressure and carrier gas flow rate of the chromatographic column filled with CB. Several kinds of industrial CB were treated at high temperature, and the surface free energy of CB had a significant increase. With the increase of surface free energy, the maximum torque was decreased significantly, the elongation at break tended to increase, the heat generation of vulcanizates was increased, and the wear resistance was decreased.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Three Anti-Ulcer Drugs Through Charge-Transfer Complexation

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikha Al-Ghannam ◽  
Fathalla Belal
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Spectrophotometric Assay ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Radical Anions ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexation

Abstract A simple charge-transfer complexation method is described for the spectrophotometric assay of nizatidine, ranitidine, and famotidine. This method is based on interaction of these drugs, as n-electron donors, with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, as the π-acceptor, in acetonitrile to give highly colored green radical anions that are measured at 840 nm. Calibration graphs for the 3 compounds are linear over the concentration ranges of 1–6 μg/mL for nizatidine and ranitidine and 1–7 μg/mL for famotidine, with correlation coefficients (n = 6) of >0.999. The conditioned stability constants and the free energy changes were measured; the values obtained were generally high and negative, respectively, suggesting highly stable complexes. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the drugs in pharmaceutical preparations. The assay results were in accordance with those obtained by using reference methods.

Bioactive nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose and natural hydrocolloids

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (40) ◽  
pp. 7034-7044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurelio Woehl ◽  
Lucy Ono ◽  
Izabel Cristina Riegel Vidotti ◽  
Fernando Wypych ◽  
Wido Herwig Schreiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Growth Substrates

Bacterial cellulose–natural hydrocolloid bionanocomposites were developed as cell growth substrates. The surface free energy of the composites is related to fibroblast viability. Surface properties of the bionanocomposites can be adjusted purely by changing the component proportions.

Determination of Components of Cassiterite Surface Free Energy from Contact Angle Measurements

1993 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jańczuk ◽  
J.M. Bruque ◽  
M.L. González-Martı́n ◽  
J.Moreno del Pozo
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

Determination of Surface Free Energy and Contact Angle for Hydrolyzed Shellac

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kraisit ◽  
S. Limmatvapirat ◽  
J. Nunthanid ◽  
Manee Luangtana-Anan ◽  
K. Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
Sessile Drop Technique ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Polar Force ◽  
Drop Technique

The purpose of this research was to determine surface free energy and contact angle of hydrolyzed shellac by using sessile drop technique. It is a method for determination of contact angle by placing a drop of liquid on a substrate and the surface free energy is then calculated by using the Wus equation. The substrate in this study was the hydrolyzed shellac prepared by hydrolysis of the native shellac at various times; 0, 15, 30 and 45 min using 2.0 %w/w sodium hydroxide. Water, formamide and ethylene glycol were liquids used for the investigation of the contact angle and surface free energy. The effect of hydrolysis time tended to reduce the contact angle and increase in the total surface free energy and polar force of hydrolyzed shellac. The result could be due to the breaking of the ester bonds of shellac during the hydrolysis process causing the higher free carboxyl group giving the higher polar group indicating by higher polar force and surface free energy. Therefore, the contact angle and surface free energy detected by sessile drop technique could be of benefit for the determination of hydrolysis process.

A new approach to determination of the acid and base parameters of the surface free energy of polymers

2011 ◽  
Vol 436 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Starostina ◽  
O. V. Stoyanov ◽  
N. V. Makhrova ◽  
R. Ya. Deberdeev
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Base Parameters ◽  
Acid And Base
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