scholarly journals Screening for Potato Resistance to Blackleg and Soft Rot

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Renata Lebecka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Stem Tissue ◽  
Potato Blackleg ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Potato Resistance ◽  
Pectinolytic Bacteria

Abstract Two diseases of the potato, blackleg of potato plants and soft rot of tubers, are caused by several species of pectinolytic bacteria which belong to two genera: Pectobacterium and Dickeya. Resistance to these bacteria is polygenic and the expression of resistance in tubers and plants is only partially related, as well as strongly dependent on the aggressiveness of the bacteria and on environmental factors. Two methods of assessing tuber and stem tissue resistance of potato cultivars and breeding lines are described.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of the Potato Blackleg and Soft Rot Diseases Caused by Dickeya dianthicola

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Raoul des Essarts ◽  
Jérémy Cigna ◽  
Angélique Quêtu-Laurent ◽  
Aline Caron ◽  
Euphrasie Munier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Rot ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Potato Blackleg ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Potential Strategy

ABSTRACTDevelopment of protection tools targetingDickeyaspecies is an important issue in the potato production. Here, we present the identification and the characterization of novel biocontrol agents. Successive screenings of 10,000 bacterial isolates led us to retain 58 strains that exhibited growth inhibition properties against severalDickeyasp. and/orPectobacteriumsp. pathogens. Most of them belonged to thePseudomonasandBacillusgenera.In vitroassays revealed a fitness decrease of the testedDickeyasp. andPectobacteriumsp. pathogens in the presence of the biocontrol agents. In addition, four independent greenhouse assays performed to evaluate the biocontrol bacteria effect on potato plants artificially contaminated withDickeya dianthicolarevealed that a mix of three biocontrol agents, namely,Pseudomonas putidaPA14H7 andPseudomonas fluorescensPA3G8 and PA4C2, repeatedly decreased the severity of blackleg symptoms as well as the transmission ofD. dianthicolato the tuber progeny. This work highlights the use of a combination of biocontrol strains as a potential strategy to limit the soft rot and blackleg diseases caused byD. dianthicolaon potato plants and tubers.

Pectobacterium parmentieri (black leg disease of potato).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Lojkowska
Keyword(s):  
Latent Infection ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Pectinolytic Bacteria ◽  
Basic Seed

Abstract Pectobacterium parmentieri is a bacterial pathogen of potato present in Europe since the 1960s. The bacterium was earlier classified as Pectobacterium carotovorum. After reclassification of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum SCC3193 to P. wasabiae and later on to P. parmentieri, several studies devoted to identification of pectinolytic bacteria in international collections and identification of the strains isolated from infected potato plants have indicated that this bacteria commonly occurs in several regions of Europe, Canada, USA, New Zealand and South Africa. P. parmentieri can cause symptoms of blackleg and soft rot on potato tubers. These diseases are usually a consequence of latent infection of seed potatoes. In the majority of countries pre-basic and basic seed tuber potatoes intended for the production of seed tuber crops should be free of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. P. parmentieri is not present on any international or national alert lists.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potato cultivars and breeding lines for susceptibility to tuber soft rot induced by Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 403-403
Author(s):  
M. Jeram ◽  
P.J. Wright ◽  
J.A.D. Anderson ◽  
S.L. Lewthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Potato Breeding Programme

Bacterial soft rot of potato tubers in storage is an economically important postharvest disease worldwide Disease control measures include reduction of tuber damage at harvest provision of suitable storage conditions and breeding of resistant cultivars Tubers of 18 potato cultivars and breeding lines were assessed for susceptibility to infection by Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica (Eca) over three maincrop seasons between 2003 and 2007 Susceptibility to Ecainduced soft rot was determined by measuring the weight of rotted tissue in anaerobically incubated whole tubers 7 days after inoculation with Eca Potato lines differed in susceptibility to soft rot by a factor of >37 (weight of rotted tissue) Cultivars Crop 28 Ilam Hardy and 30975 were highly susceptible and 065/27 Crop 15 and Crop 16 were least susceptible to Ecainduced soft rot As a consequence of these trials several of these lines are now being used in Plant Food Researchs potato breeding programme in order to develop cultivars with lower soft rot susceptibility than cultivars currently grown

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and Preservation of Pectinolytic Bacteria Pathogenic to Potato

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Renata Lebecka
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pectinolytic Bacteria

Abstract Blackleg of potato plants and soft rot of tubers are caused by several species of pectinolytic bacteria from genera Pectobacterium and Dickeya. The text describes simple methods of isolating bacteria from symptomatic and symptomless organs of potato plants, their identification using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and preservatio

Multiplex detection and identification of bacterial pathogens causing potato blackleg and soft rot in Europe, using padlock probes

2013 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sławiak ◽  
R. van Doorn ◽  
M. Szemes ◽  
A.G.C.L. Speksnijder ◽  
M. Waleron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Multiplex Detection ◽  
Potato Blackleg ◽  
Padlock Probes ◽  
Detection And Identification

Assessing potato cultivars for resistance to tuber soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica) at four test centres in the UK

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Wastie ◽  
G. J. Jellis ◽  
D. H. Lapwood ◽  
C. Logan ◽  
G. Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora Subsp.Atroseptica ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Soft Rot Erwinia

RESPONSES OF CUCUMBER, ONION AND POTATO CULTIVARS TO OZONE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. ORMROD ◽  
N. O. ADEDIPE ◽  
G. HOFSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Growth Effects ◽  
Potato Plants

Cucumber, onion and potato plants were grown in the greenhouse. At 2 to 3 weeks from seeding they were fumigated with ozone for short periods. Observations on the development of leaf injury symptoms and of growth effects were made over a 4-week post-fumigation period. Generally, when the plants were fumigated with 100 pphm ozone for 1 hour, there were no marked responses. Fumigation at the same concentration for 4 hours resulted in a reduction in dry weight, accompanied by leaf injury symptoms. The magnitude of such effects varied with species and cultivars. Percent reduction in dry weight ranged up to 37 in cucumber, and 47 in onion. Inhibition of flowering of potato plants was accompanied by accelerated leaf senescence. Susceptibility of the species to ozone, in decreasing order, followed the sequence: onion, cucumber, potato. In each case there was at least one relatively tolerant cultivar.

scholarly journals Potato cultivars vary in susceptibility to blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica)

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 403-403
Author(s):  
P.J. Wright ◽  
J.A.D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Food Research ◽  
Commercial Cultivars

Ten potato cultivars were tested for susceptibility to infection by Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica (Eca) the causal agent of blackleg over two maincrop seasons in 200506 and 200607 The pathogen was inoculated into seed tubers using toothpicks charged with undiluted bacterial growth Blackleg incidence was assessed 56 weeks after planting The field experiments clearly confirmed that potato cultivars vary significantly in susceptibility to blackleg Some New Zealand cultivars had a lower susceptibility to blackleg than current commercial cultivars The new Plant Food Research release Summer Delight in particular had an exceptional level of resistance and will be used as a parent in efforts to develop potato cultivars with lower blackleg susceptibility than current local commercial cultivars Routine screening of Plant Food Research breeding lines and cultivars will continue to be carried out over several seasons to confirm results presented here and to determine further blacklegresistant germplasm

Bacillus subtilis BS 107 as an antagonist of potato blackleg and soft rot bacteria

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Sharga ◽  
G D Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Potato Blackleg ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances

Antimicrobial substances were produced by Bacillus subtilis BS 107 in a defined medium and isolated from culture filtrate by precipitation at pH 2.5. Active fractions were extracted in ethyl acetate, acetone, and 80% ethanol and purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plates developed with an ethanol-water mixture (2:1, v/v). In each case, a band with a Rf of 0.75 formed an inhibitory zone when the TLC plates were placed in contact with agar seeded with test cultures of the Erwinia spp. The antibiotic was released into the culture medium during early stages of growth of Bacillus subtilis BS 107 but higher amounts were released in older cultures. The antibiotic was resistant to the action of nucleases, proteases, and lipase. It was stable when autoclaved twice for 35 min at 2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa) in acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions. It remained active over the pH range of 1-14 during 1 month of observation and exhibited no loss of antimicrobial activity when stored at 4°C for over 1 year. Bacillus subtilis BS 107 showed activity in vitro and in vivo against Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, the causal agents of potato blackleg and tuber soft rot. The application of an antagonist or its antibiotic to cut potato tissues prevented or reduced symptoms of the diseases. The antibiotic was active in vitro against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species.Key words: antagonist, Bacillus subtilis BS 107, Erwinia carotovora, potato.

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