Effect of various additives on mechanical properties of rice husk polypropylene (RHPP) composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar ◽  
Manohar Singh Saini ◽  
Bikram Kishore Kanungo ◽  
Shishir Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Polypropylene Composite ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

Abstract Abundantly available rice husk can be used with polypropylene for the development of thermoplastic composites. The present study deals with mechanical properties such as hardness and impact strength of rice husk polypropylene composites with the addition of talc, mica, CaCO3, wollastonite, and zirconium oxide. Maleic anhydride polypropylene was used as compatibilizer. Improvement in the hardness and impact strength of the composites was observed by the use of these additives. Possible applications of rice husk polypropylene composite are in building and automobile sectors.

Effect of Tetradecyl Methyl Acrylate-Maleic Anhydride Copolymer on the Mechanical Properties of Glass Mat Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-413
Author(s):  
Shanhua Zhou ◽  
Zhiyu Xu ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Qingzhi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Monomer Ratio ◽  
Maleic Anhydride Copolymer ◽  
Glass Mat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Interfacial Modifier

A new interfacial modifier made of tetradecyl methylacrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer (TMA- co-MAH) was prepared and characterized. The effect of reaction time and monomer ratio on the gross conversion and MAH content in the copolymer was studied. When the glass mat was treated with TMA- co-MAH solutions and compounded with PP, the MAH group of the interfacial modifier formed strong interactions with the glass mat and the long side chain of the interfacial modifier entangled firmly with the polypropylene matrix. In comparison with maleated polyolefins, the higher MAH content of the TMA- co-MAH resulted in better interfacial adhesion between the PP and the glass mat resulting in increased flexural strength and modulus, and the ductility of the TMA- co-MAH introduced a ductile interlayer into the interface of the glass mat reinforced polypropylene composites (GMT-PPs) to achieve higher impact strength. Therefore the mechanical properties of composites treated with TMA- co-MAH were all superior to those of GMT-PPs treated with maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MAH) solutions when they were used at the same level. The effects of anhydride content, concentration of copolymer and compounding time on the mechanical property of GMT-PPs were investigated. With the optimal monomer ratio, MAH:TMA = 7:3, a 3% copolymer solution and a compounding time of 5 min, the impact strength, flexural strength and modulus of GMT-PPs treated with the new interfacial modifier were all improved significantly compared with composites treated with 0.3% PP- g-MAH solution.

Study of Thermal Properties of Rice Husk Polypropylene (RHPP) Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 096369351302200
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar ◽  
Manohar Singh Saini ◽  
Bikram Kishore Kanungo ◽  
Shishir Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature

Abundantly available rice husk was used to reinforce polypropylene for the development of rice husk polypropylene composites (RHPP) by extrusion and compression molding techniques. Maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) compatibilizer and titanate coupling agent were used to improve the adhesion between rice husk and polypropylene. Effect of fillers such as mica, talc, zirconium oxide, silica and calcium carbonate on thermal properties of RHPP composites was studied. Improvement in heat deflection temperature (HDT), degradation temperature of RHPP was observed but enthalpies of melting and degradation decreased by the addition of these fillers. No significant change in melting point of composites was noticed by the addition of these fillers. Composites thus prepared to have applications in building, automobile, and sport sectors.

Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Reinforced Polyethylene Composites Using Experiments with Mixtures

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Bilal ◽  
Richard Lin ◽  
Krishnan Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Wood Fibres ◽  
Charpy Impact Strength

In recent years, the use of agro-wastes, such as rice husk (RH), in the manufacture of thermoplastic composites to replace wood fibres has emerged as a promising field of interest. Linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE) and ground rice husk (GRH) were used to manufacture composites. The D-optimal design routine in Design Expert software was used to select ten different blends with different percentages of RH, MDPE and compatibiliser, maleated polyethylene (MAPE) along with four replicate blends. RH was varied between 15 to 50 wt%, MAPE between 1 to 6 wt% and MDPE between 44 to 84 wt%. The effects of RH, MDPE and MAPE content on the mechanical properties of the manufactured composites were examined. The results show that tensile and flexural properties of the composites were improved, whereas, Charpy impact strength was decreased with increasing RH loading. The effect of MAPE on tensile strength and Charpy impact strength was significant, but its effect was negligible on tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composites.

MAgPP an Effective Coupling Agent in Rice Husk Flour Filled Polypropylene Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Czél ◽  
Zoltán Kanyok
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Cellulosic Fibre ◽  
Effective Coupling ◽  
Polypropylene Composite ◽  
Filling Degree ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Rice Husk Flour

Different properties (tensile strength, elongation, modulus, impact strength) of rice husk (RH) reinforced polypropylene (PP) coupled by Maleic-Anhydride grafted Polypropylene (MAgPP) have been investigated. MAgPP is an effective coupling agent, not only in cellulosic-fibre filled polyolefine composites, but in rice husk flour filled polypropylene composite systems as well. It gives a utilizable construction polymer matrix composite (PMC) material even at a 40 wt.% RH filling degree. The strength and modulus increases by adding the rice husk but the elongation decreases in a non-monotonic way. Micrographs shows weak coupling in between RH and PP without MAgPP.

Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (RHDPE/EVA)/Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Composites: The Effect of Caprolactam-Maleic Anhydride on Tensile Properties and Swelling Behaviour

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
A.R.H. Fatimah ◽  
A.Ghani Supri ◽  
Z. Firuz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Weak Interface ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Hydrophobic Polymer ◽  
Natural Fillers

Natural fillers fulfill most requirements needed to replace synthethic fillers in thermoplastic composites. However, some disadvantages appear when natural fillers are used for composites. The poor compatibility between the hydrophilic fillers with the hydrophobic polymer matrix leads to a weak interface and hence, thus poor mechanical properties. In this research, caprolactam-maleic anhydride (CL-MAH) was used as the compatibilizer (6wt%) and the effect of compatibilizer on the composites was studied on mechanical properties and swelling behavior of RHDPE/EVA/Taro. The tensile strength for RHDPE/EVA/Taro composites decreased while increasing the filler loadings but adding caprolactam-maleic anhydride in the composite significantly improved the tensile properties. The swelling behavior results indicated that increased in Taro filler and addition of CL-MAH will increase the mass swell of the composites.

Comparison of Melt Flow and Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk and Kenaf Hybrid Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Aziz Noor Zuhaira ◽  
Rahmah Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Melt Flow

This research is to identify the difference in melt flow and mechanical properties in hybrid composites between kenaf and rice husk that each of the filler was compounded with composite material of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in different loading amount. Different filler loading up to 30 parts of kenaf fibers and rice husk particulate were mixed with the fixed 30% amount of CaCO3. Compounded hybrid composite were prepared and tested for melt flow index, tensile and impact strength. Addition of both fillers had decreased melt flow index (MFI). MFI of rice husk/CaCO3 was higher than kenaf/CaCO3 in HDPE composites. Tensile strength, elongation at break and impact properties of both hybrid composites had decreased with increasing filler content. Tensile strength of kenaf/CaCO3 was higher than rice husk/CaCO3 due to intrinsic fiber structure of kenaf which has some reinforcing effect compared to rice husk. While, impact strength of rice husk/CaCO3 was improved with addition of filler but drastically decrease as the rice husk content were increased up to 30% due to high silica content in rice husk. The Youngs Modulus was increased with addition of natural fibers in CaCO3/HDPE composite.

Mechanical properties of maleic anhydride treated jute fibre/polypropylene composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Hong ◽  
N. Kim ◽  
S. L. Kang ◽  
C. Nah ◽  
Y.-S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Jute Fibre ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (IMPACT STRENGTH) OF PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES WITH VARIATION OF FIBRE LOADING AND TREATMENT PROCESS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Sapuan 1,2,,b ◽  
S. Izwan 1a
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Fibre Loading ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper presents the study of mechanical properties of short pineapple leaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) is one of them that have also good potential as reinforcement in thermoplastic composite. It is the objective of the current research to characterize the mechanical properties of treated and untreated composites of PALF reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite with four different volume fractions of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) was fabricated, (5 vol%, 10 vol%, 15 vol% and 20 vol%).  The study of this PALF-PP composite demonstrates that bulk density of the composite decrease as the volume fraction increased. From the study about impact strength toward the fibre loadings, impact strength and energy absorbed increase as the volume fraction of fibre increased. Untreated PALF gives greater impact strength than treated PALF. From the experiment conducted on impact test and scanning electron microscopy experiment, untreated fibre produce greater impact and absorbed energy than treated fibre. Until 20% of PALF, result showed strength of the composite still rising to prove that 20% of fibre will fabricate finest fibre loading for the PALF-PP composite was observed from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph as an evidences on compatibility mechanical properties at the intersectional region of composite.

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