The Effects of Enforcement on Corporate Environmental Performance: The Role of Perceived Fairness

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Earnhart ◽  
Donna Ramirez Harrington ◽  
Robert Glicksman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Chemical Manufacturing ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Limited Enforcement ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Survey Responses

AbstractSeveral empirical studies explore the effects of regulatory enforcement on environmental behavior and performance. Within this literature, extremely little empirical research examines the role of fairness, which we interpret broadly to include multiple dimensions, e. g. similar treatment of similarly situated regulated entities. Our study empirically examines the effect of perceived enforcement fairness on the extent of compliance with wastewater limits imposed on chemical manufacturing facilities regulated under the Clean Water Act. Our study also explores the influence of perceived fairness on the effectiveness of enforcement efforts – government inspections and enforcement actions – at inducing better compliance. For our analysis, we use a subjective measure of the degree of “fair treatment” of regulated facilities by environmental regulators, as perceived by facilities and reported as survey responses. Results reveal that a more (perceived) fair enforcement approach raises compliance, but only under limited enforcement conditions; in most instances, perceived more fair enforcement lowers compliance. As important, results show that greater perceived fairness improves the effectiveness of federal inspections and informal enforcement, but undermines the effectiveness of state inspections and formal non-penalty enforcement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Enforcement Fairness on Environmental Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dietrich Earnhart ◽  
Robert L. Glicksman ◽  
Donna Ramirez Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Chemical Manufacturing ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Coercive Strategy

Many empirical studies explore the effects of regulatory enforcement on environmental behavior and performance. Within this literature, a few empirical studies explore environmental regulators’ approach to enforcement, such as the contrast between a coercive strategy and a cooperative strategy. However, very little empirical research explores the role of fairness, which we interpret broadly to include multiple dimensions, e.g., similar treatment of similarly situated regulated entities. This study empirically analyzes the effect of enforcement fairness on the extent of compliance with wastewater discharge limits imposed on U.S. chemical manufacturing facilities. For this analysis, we use a subjective measure of the degree of “fair treatment” of the regulated facilities by the environmental regulator, as perceived by facilities and reported in response to an original survey. The empirical results robustly reveal that a less fair enforcement approach leads to better environmental performance, i.e., greater compliance.

The role of organizational justice in the customer orientation–performance relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-297
Author(s):  
Francisco Trincado-Munoz ◽  
Leslier Valenzuela-Fernández ◽  
Melany Hebles
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeWhile companies have increasingly encouraged employees to adopt a customer orientation, less attention has been given to the impact that customer orientation has on employees' job outcomes and performance. Previous research has used job demands-resource theory (JD-R) and proposed several mechanisms through which customer orientation influences performance, yet the intervening variables in the process have shown inconsistent results. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contextual role of organizational justice on the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. In this way, offering more understanding of the contingent effects that intervene in the customer orientation–performance relationship.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structural equation model (SEM) in a sample of 249 marketing, sales and management managers in Chilean companies, this paper tested different hypotheses concerning the role of work engagement, organizational justice and customer orientation in relation to perceived performance.FindingsThis study informs that organizational justice (procedural and distributive justice) moderates the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. Precisely, the findings reveal that at lower values of organizational justice, changes in customer orientation negatively influence work engagement and in turn performance.Originality/valueThe results contribute to strengthening customer orientation theory by integrating a contextual variable often omitted: organizational justice. By exploring the moderation effect of organizational justice on customer orientation, this paper reveals contingent effects of employees' perceived fairness on the organization in the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. The findings encourage managers to look after employees' perceived organizational justice when they implement customer-oriented approaches, in particular, of those employees who work in the frontline sales and service positions.

scholarly journals Effects of technology adoption on mass customization ability of broad and narrow market firms

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani José Caetano da Silveira ◽  
Flávio Sanson Fogliatto
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Mass Customization ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Scope Of The Firm ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Strategic Market

Despite the increasing number of mass customization (MC) studies in the literature and practice, two research gaps still remain. First, there is a lack of empirical studies to test predicted theoretical relationships between MC strategic, technical, and performance aspects (Tu et al., 2001). Second, there is limited understanding about the role of technology, including information technology in MC systems (Åhlström and Westbrook, 1999). This paper investigates the effects of technology adoption on the MC ability of 315 manufacturers of metal products, machinery, and equipment with either narrow or broad strategic market scope. The results suggest that different technologies have different effects on the MC dimensions of product capability and productivity, and that this effect is determined by the market scope of the firm

scholarly journals A Dynamic Capabilities-Based Research Model for Innovation in Independent Restaurants

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Belinda K. Muriuki ◽  
Zack B. Awino ◽  
Madara M. Ogot ◽  
James N. Muranga
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to contribute to the existing literature by reviewing empirical studies conducted in the restaurant industry on innovation to develop a dynamic capabilities-based research model for independent restaurants which can be tested by future scholars in the restaurants industry. The review covered innovation models that have been used and tested in restaurants; types of innovation; dynamic capabilities as an antecedent for innovation; the mediating role of human capital between dynamic capabilities and innovation; and the relationship between innovation and performance. The results of the study revealed that innovation activities described in the literature can be categorised into the dynamic capabilities components of sensing, learning, integrating, and co-ordinating capabilities thus supporting the proposed dynamic capabilities research model. The model, therefore, provides a comprehensive framework for investigating innovation activities in independent restaurants.

Negative Relationships Between Self-Efficacy and Performance Can Be Adaptive: The Mediating Role of Resource Allocation

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Beck ◽  
Aaron M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Negative Relationships

This research speaks to the ongoing debate regarding the role of self-efficacy in self-regulation. Specifically, we argue that both positive and negative relationships between self-efficacy and resource allocation are part of an adaptive process. We present the results of two empirical studies demonstrating that a negative relationship between self-efficacy and resource allocation is not always maladaptive and, in fact, can lead to positive indirect effects on performance. In Study 1, we observed natural fluctuations in self-efficacy as individuals completed a mathematics test, finding that the tendency to reduce resource allocation with high self-efficacy is most clearly observed when time is scarce. In turn, an inverted-U relationship between resource allocation and overall performance under high time scarcity emerged such that moderate levels of resource allocation resulted in the highest levels of performance. Study 2 used an experimental design in which self-efficacy was manipulated. Replicating core findings from Study 1, individuals drew upon self-efficacy to balance resource allocation across competing demands. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of our results.

The Bargaining System and Performance

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1154-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANZ TRAXLER ◽  
BERNHARD KITTEL
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Collective Action Problems ◽  
Theoretical Reasoning ◽  
Hump Shape ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wage Coordination

Theoretical reasoning disagrees about what type of bargaining system performs best. The authors have tested the explanatory power of three competing hypotheses: neoliberalism, corporatism, and the hump-shape hypothesis. All of these hypotheses lack empirical support due to two main shortcomings. First, they ignore that wage restraint raises three distinct types of collective-action problems. Second, they do not consider qualitative differences among the national bargaining systems (particularly the role of the state) that do not allow analysis to construct such ordinal rankings of bargaining coordination as adopted by all previous empirical studies. Proceeding from a revised hypothesis and new measures of national bargaining systems, the authors have found a nonlinear relationship between the bargaining system and economic performance in a way that economy-wide wage coordination is superior only when the bargaining system is able to make local bargaining comply with coordination activities.

scholarly journals Work addiction and personality: A meta-analytic study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-966
Author(s):  
Bernadette Kun ◽  
Zsofia K. Takacs ◽  
Mara J. Richman ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Zsolt Demetrovics
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Work Addiction ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
The Past ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
And Performance

AbstractBackgroundDuring the past three decades, research interest in work addiction has increased significantly. Most definitions concerning work addiction have specifically contained personality-related elements. However, the results of empirical studies concerning personality and work addiction are both few and mixed. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of personality in the background of work addiction.MethodsThe present study systematically reviewed and empirically carried out a meta-analysis on all the published studies examining the association between personality variables and work addiction (n = 28).ResultsThe results of the meta-analysis indicated that perfectionism, global and performance-based self-esteem, and negative affect had the strongest and most robust associations as personality risk factors of work addiction. Among the Big Five traits, extraversion, conscientiousness, and intellect/imaginations showed positive relationships with work addiction. However, these associations were weak.ConclusionsBased on the meta-analysis, personality appears to explain only a small amount of the variance of work addiction and further studies are needed to assess the interaction between individual and environmental factors.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Orientation, Business Development Services, Business Environment, and Performance: A Critical Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (28) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington O. Okeyo ◽  
James M. Gathungu ◽  
Peter K’Obonyo
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Three Factor

The role of entrepreneurial orientation in firms has been a major area of interest to many scholars in the past. Entrepreneurially oriented firms are innovative, calculated risk-takers, and proactively reach markets ahead of their competitors. This paper examines the role of business development services, internal and external business environments on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm’s performance. The article is a theoretical discourse and uses literature from secondary sources in the analysis. The paper finds that past studies conceptualized entrepreneurial orientation as a three factor single-dimensional model and a five factor multidimensional model. Studies using the three factor model have reported different results to those adopting the five factor approach. This has led to inconsistencies in the empirical results of entrepreneurial orientation on firm’s performance. This article also finds that business development services play a mediating role in the entrepreneurial orientation and performance relationship, and that external environment moderates this relationship. However, the paper finds no role of internal environment in the EO-firm’s performance relationship. The paper concludes that the link between entrepreneurial orientation and performance is still a worthy area for further study since contradictions still exist in empirical studies. This study recommends that future studies can use a contingency framework to focus on how other factors are likely to affect this relationship.

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