scholarly journals Incorporating oxygen-free copper to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded joints for aluminum alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228
Author(s):  
Her-Yueh Huang ◽  
Chung-Wei Yang ◽  
Wen-Yao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Nugget ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Dissimilar Metal ◽  
Tool Rotation ◽  
Traveling Speed

AbstractThe main objective of the present work was to establish a friction-stir-welding process to weld dissimilar metal joints on AA6082 and AA6066 aluminum alloy plates. Joints were made while varying tool rotation speed at a constant traveling speed and at the same time adding oxygen-free copper reinforcement inside the weld nugget for the purpose of analyzing the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the joint. Results showed that the morphology of the microstructure in the weld nugget changed significantly with rotation speed. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses revealed that oxygen-free copper particles could be uniformly dispersed into the weld nugget because of higher rotation speeds. Because of the presence of reinforcement particles homogenously distributed inside the nugget zone, the mechanical properties, such as ultimate tensile strength and hardness of weld joint, were greatly improved.

scholarly journals Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1938
Author(s):  
Haifeng Yang ◽  
Hongyun Zhao ◽  
Xinxin Xu ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Huihui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Weld Nugget ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Stationary Shoulder ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

In this study, 2A14-T4 Al-alloy T-joints were prepared via stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW) technology where the stirring pin’s rotation speed was set as different values. In combination with the numerical simulation results, the macro-forming, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the joints under different welding conditions were analyzed. The results show that the thermal cycle curves in the SSFSW process are featured by a steep climb and slow decreasing variation trends. As the stirring pin’s rotation speed increased, the grooves on the weld surface became more obvious. The base and rib plates exhibit W- or N-shaped hardness distribution patterns. The hardness of the weld nugget zone (WNZ) was high but was lower than that of the base material. The second weld’s annealing effect contributed to the precipitation and coarsening of the precipitated phase in the first weld nugget zone (WNZ1). The hardness of the heat affect zone (HAZ) in the vicinity of the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) dropped to the minimum. As the stirring pin's rotation speed increased, the tensile strengths of the base and rib plates first increased and then dropped. The base and rib plates exhibited ductile and brittle/ductile fracture patterns, respectively.

Effects of bottom plate in friction stir welding of AA6061-T6

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
M.A. Vinayagamoorthi ◽  
M. Prince ◽  
S. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Bottom Plate ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Fine Grain

The effects of 40 mm width bottom plates on the microstructural modifications and the mechanical properties of a 6 mm thick FSW AA6061-T6 joint have been investigated. The bottom plates are placed partially at the weld zone to absorb and dissipate heat during the welding process. An axial load of 5 to 7 kN, a rotational speed of 500 rpm, and a welding speed of 50 mm/min are employed as welding parameters. The size of the nugget zone (NZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the weld joints obtained from AISI 1040 steel bottom plate is more significant than that of weld joints obtained using copper bottom plate due to lower thermal conductivity of steel. Also, the weld joints obtained using copper bottom plate have fine grain microstructure due to the dynamic recrystallization. The friction stir welded joints obtained with copper bottom plate have exhibited higher ductility of 8.9% and higher tensile strength of 172 MPa as compared to the joints obtained using a steel bottom plate.

Welding of Aluminum to DP600 Steel Plates by Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Process (Refill FSSW): Preliminary Results

2014 ◽  
Vol 1082 ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Navarro Verastegui ◽  
José Antonio Esmerio Mazzaferro ◽  
Cíntia Cristiane Petry Mazzaferro ◽  
Telmo Roberto Strohaecker ◽  
Jorge Fernandez Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Spot Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Tool Rotation

The main objective of the current work was to produce sound Refill FSSW joints between AA6181-T4 aluminum and DP600 steel plates. The steel plates were used in two different surface conditions: with and without galvanized surface layer. The Taguchi statistical method was used to find out the set of parameters indicated to produce joint with higher mechanical resistance. Then, the possibility of joining these dissimilar metals using the Refill FSSW process was verified. Tool rotation speed and welding time were varied to observe its effect over the joint behavior. The results of lap shear tests showed that galvanized layers do not cause any substantial change on the final joint mechanical resistance, even though different joining mechanisms had been observed.

Influence of Tool Rotational Speed on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Al-Cu-Li Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Ho Sung Lee ◽  
Ye Rim Lee ◽  
Kyung Ju Min
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Tool Rotation

Aluminum-Lithium alloys have been found to exhibit superior mechanical properties as compared to the conventional aerospace aluminum alloys in terms of high strength, high modulus, low density, good corrosion resistance and fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures. Even though they do not form low-melting eutectics during fusion welding, there are still problems like porosity, solidification cracking, and loss of lithium. This is why solid state friction stir welding is important in this alloy. It is known that using Al-Cu-Li alloy and friction stir welding to super lightweight external tank for space shuttle, significant weight reduction has been achieved. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of friction stir tool rotation speed on mechanical and microstructural properties of Al-Cu-Li alloy. The plates were joined with friction stir welding process using different tool rotation speeds (300-800 rpm) and welding speeds (120-420 mm/min), which are the two prime welding parameters in this process.

Study on the Effect of Weld Speed and Tool Rotation Speed on the Quality of Friction Stir Welded Joints by Using XRD and EBSD

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaishree Sanjeevi Maran ◽  
Pratyush Kumar Patro ◽  
Ilangovan Murugesan ◽  
Sai Krishna Sekar ◽  
Sidhaarth Bamarani Thangaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Dissimilar Alloys ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction Stir processing, a novel welding process which weld similar and dissimilar metals and alloys in solid state for joining metallic alloys and it has replaced conventional welding processes and have become an alternative welding technique. The commonly used aluminum alloys AA6061 and AA5086 were joined together using FSW. In this study, two parameters such as weld speed and tool rotation speed are taken into account. By varying these parameters the dissimilar alloys were welded together. The welded joints were analyzed for its chemical composition and phases formed due to heat produced by friction. The composition is characterized by Electron Back Scattered Diffraction technique (EBSD) and X-ray Diffraction technique (XRD). The influence of tool rotation speed and weld speed on texture has been studied.

Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Zl114a Friction Stir Welded Joint with Forced Cooling

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3335-3338
Author(s):  
Ge Ping Liu ◽  
Yu Hua Chen ◽  
Hong Yan Wu ◽  
Li Ming Ke
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joint ◽  
Silicon Particle ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Nugget ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Forced Cooling

ZL114A was joined by friction stir welding and liquid nitrogen was used to cool the welded joint during the welding process. The Influence of forced cooling on the microstructure and properties of welded jointed was studied. The results show that, when forced cooling is used, the amount of silicon particles in weld nugget zone is larger and the size is more homogeneous, the size of silicon particle in heat-mechanical affected zone is more fine , the grain size of heat affected zone is half of air cooling welded joint and the amount of Al-Si eutectic is smaller than air cooling welded joint. The micro hardness increases after forced cooling is used, the hardness of weld nugget zone is 20Hv higher than air cooling welded joint. The strength of forced cooling welded joint increases 13.6% than air cooling welded joint.

scholarly journals Effect of Tool Rotation Speed on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure as the Results of Friction Stir Welding Method on Aluminium 5083-7075

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Maryati Maryati ◽  
Bambang Soegijono ◽  
M Yudi Masduky ◽  
Tarmizi Tarmizi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Incomplete Fusion ◽  
Connection Form ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Speed Rotation ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a new method of welding process which is affordable and provide good quality. Aluminium 5083-7075 has been connected successfully by using friction stir welding (FSW) method into butt joint connection form. Tool rotation speed is one of the important parameters in FSW. The changes of rotation speed will affect the characteristics of mechanical properties and microstructure. The parameters of welding being used are welding speed of 29 mm/minutes by varying the speed rotation of 525 rpm, 680 rpm, 910 rpm, and 1555 rpm. In order to find out the mechanical strength of welds, tensile strength and hardness testing is done while finding out the microstructure will be done by using optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The result of the research showed that the highest tensile strength obtained at 910 rpm speed rotation about 244.85 MPa and the greatest hardness values was found on aluminium 5083 around the wheel zone area about 96 HV with rotary speed of 525 rpm. Then, the result of testing the macro and microstructure on all samples indicated defect which is seen as incomplete fusion and penetration causing the formation of onion rings. In other words, it is which showed that the result of stirring and tacking in the welding area is less than perfect.

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