Sethoxydim-Uptake by Leaf Slices of Sethoxydim Resistant and Sensitive Grasses

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Struve ◽  
B. Golle ◽  
U. Lüttge
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Festuca Ovina ◽  
Lipid Diffusion

Leaf slices of the sethoxydim sensitive grasses Poa pratensis and Festuca ovina and the sethoxy- dim resistant grasses Poa annua and Festuca rubra take up the herbicide at similar rates. Uptake is almost linear with concentration up to 2 mᴍ, independent of light and little affected by tempera­ture between 0 and 25 °C. Uptake is highly pH sensitive. At pH 7.0 rates of uptake are only about 20% of the rates observed at pH 3.5. Time course of uptake suggests a rapid equilibration of the compartments taking up the herbicide within 2 h. It is suggested that sethoxydim uptake by the grass-leaf tissue is a nonspecific process involving passive lipid diffusion and lipid equilibration of the non-dissociated weak acid sethoxydim (pKa = 4.6).

scholarly journals Bazı Buğdaygil Çim Türü ve Çeşitlerinin Adaptasyonları İle Çim Alan Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Erdal ÖZAYDIN ◽  
Tahir POLAT ◽  
Mustafa OKANT
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Festuca Ovina

Bu araştırma Şanlıurfa'da 2015-2016 yaz yetiştirme sezonunda, Harran Üniversitesi Osman Bey yerleşkesi Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma ve uygulama alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada; kamışsı yumak  (Festuca arundinaceae), İngiliz çimi (Lolium perenne), rizomsuz kırmızı yumak (Festuca rubra L. subsp. Commutate), rizomlu kırmızı yumak (Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra), koyun yumağı (Festuca ovina), çayır salkım otu (Poa pratensis) materyal olarak kullanılmış, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada; çim yaş ot verimi (kg/da), çim kuru ot verimi (kg/da), çıkış hızı (gün), kışa dayanıklılık (1-9), kaplama hızı (gün), kaplama derecesi (%), yaprak dokusu (1-9), kardeş sayısı (1-5) ve seyrekleşme derecesi (1-9) gibi karakterler incelenmiştir. Deneme bulgularına göre; Şanlıurfa ekolojik şartları için önerilebilecek sıcak mevsim çim tür çeşitlerinin pek çok özellik açısından kamışsı yumak (Festuca arundinaceae)  Golden Gate çeşidinin kullanılması uygun olacaktır.

Adaptation and Some Quality Parameters of Cool Season Turfgrass Species in Samsun Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1971-1975
Author(s):  
İlknur Ayan ◽  
Sedat Arslan ◽  
Zeki Acar
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Festuca Ovina ◽  
Leaf Form ◽  
Leaf Colour ◽  
Poa Trivialis

The aim of this study is to determine adaptation and quality parameters of some cool season turfgrass cultivars and species, In the scope of this study, leaf form, variation of leaf colour according to the seasons, tiller number, thinning ratio, weed ratio and general appearance of the species were determined. The experiment was established according to confounding design with four replications in Samsun Conditions at November, 2010. According to 1000 seed weight and characteristics of the plants seeding ratios were determined as pure and viable seed as follows; Lolium perenne 40 g m-2, Festuca rubra var. rubra and Festuca rubra var. commutata 30 g m-2, Festuca arundinacea 40 g m-2, Poa pratensis 20 g m-2, Festuca rubra trichophylla 30 g m-2, Agrostis stolonifera and Agrostis tenuis 5 g m-2, Festuca ovina 25 g m-2. According to the results obtained from this study it was determined that species/cultivars have some superiority to each other because of their different morphological and physiological characteristics. When we consider weed competition, Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinaceae cultivars have to be added to the mixture in order to decrease weed competition. There was colour variation distinctively depending on the seasons for all species. But, compare to the others, cultivars of Agrostis sp. and Poa pratensis cultivars have the potential to keep leaf colour in different seasons. Leaf form and appearance of Festuca rubra, Poa trivialis and Festuca ovina are better than the others. In order to keep good conditions of turfgrass areas, especially after cutting in summer period, Poa pratensis and Poa trivialis should added in mixtures to get benefit their higher regenerating power.

scholarly journals The influence of sowing date on initial growth and development of selected lawn varieties of Festuca arundinacea, Festuca rubra, Festuca ovina, Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis on a roadside bank

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
ADAM ŁUKASZ GAWRYLUK
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Festuca Ovina

Celem prezentowanych badań była ocena początkowego tempa wzrostu wybranych 5 gatunków traw, w celu określenia ich przydatności do szybkiego i skutecznego zadarniania przydrożnych skarp w dwóch terminach wysiewu, (wiosenny i późnojesienny). Badania przeprowadzono na skarpie usytuowanej wzdłuż drogi krajowej S17. Pomiary długości korzeni i wysokości siewek każdego gatunku wykonano w 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 i 60. dniu od daty siewu. Wykazano, że w warunkach prowadzenia doświadczenia gatunki traw różnią się tempem początkowego wzrostu. Terminy siewu miały istotny wpływ na tempo wydłużania korzeni i wzrostu siewek badanych gatunków traw, bowiem na obiektach z późnojesiennym terminem siewu wszystkie gatunki i odmiany charakteryzowały się najkrótszymi korzeniami i najniższymi siewkami. W obu terminach siewu, niezależnie od roku prowadzenia doświadczeń, siewki L. perenne charakteryzowały się najdłuższymi korzeniami i najwyższymi siewkami w porównaniu z pozostałymi gatunkami. Z kolei siewki P. pratensis w obu powtórzeniach charakteryzowały się najkrótszymi korzeniami i najniższymi siewkami w porównaniu z pozostałymi gatunkami.

scholarly journals The influence of water extracts of selected turfgrass species on germination and initial growth of Poa annua L

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kovár ◽  
Ľuboš Vozár ◽  
Ján Jančovič
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Negative Effect

The effect of Lolium perenne L., Festuca rubra L., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Poa pratensis L. and Poa annua L. aqueous extracts on germination rate and total germinability of Poa annua L. seeds and length of Poa annua L. leaves and roots was studied in a laboratory experiment. Germination of seeds was conducted in the growth chamber at the light and temperature regime – day/night – 12/12 hours, 23/15˚C, rh 70 %, for 42 days. Extracts significantly affected the total germinability and germination rate of Poa annua L. seeds (p = 0.000). The lowest germinability (27.3 ± 7. 1 %) and germination rate (0.7 ± 0.2 seeds per day) had Poa annua L. seeds germinated in Poa pratensis L. aqueous extract. Used extracts (except for Festuca rubra L. extract) had significantly inhibitory effect on length of Poa annua L. roots in comparison with control variant. The positive effect of extract from Lolium perenne L. and Festuca rubra L. (not– significant) and the negative effect of extract from Poa pratensis L. and Poa annua l. (significant) were apparent on length of Poa annua L. leaves.

scholarly journals Forms of potassium and sodium in some species of grasses and herbage

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Nowak ◽  
Henryk Panak
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pot Culture ◽  
Acetic Acids

The forms of occurence of potassium and sodium were studied in the grasses <i>Dactylis glomerata</i> L., <i>Poa annua</i> L., <i>Festuca rubra</i> L. and dendelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> Web.) treated with increasing mineral fertilizer doses, magnesium and microelements, under conditions of pot culture. The plants took up potassium in amounts greatly exceeding their requirement, and sodium in very small amounts. Mineral NPK doses increased in the tested plants both the content of potassium and sodium forms soluble in trichloroacetic and acetic acids and water. Magnesium and microelements had no major influence on the content of these potassium forms, but they increased the concentration of analogous forms of sodium in <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> and did not influence their accumulation in the grasses. Potassium and sodium compounds were completely extracted from the plants with trichloroacetic, whereas acetic acid extracted 88-95 percent of potassium and 66-74 percent of sodium. Distilled water extracted 70-77 and 28-33 percent of potassium and sodium, respectively.

Response of a Red Fescue-Kentucky Bluegrass Turf to Three Consecutive Annual Applications of Amidochlor, Mefluidide, and Ethephon

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Greenhouse Study

A red fescue (Festuca rubraL.)- Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL.) turf was treated annually with amidochlor {N-[(acetylamino)methyl]-2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide} at 2.2, 2.8, and 3.4 kg ai/ha, mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide} at 0.4 kg ai/ha, and ethephon [(2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] at 5.6 kg ai/ha for three consecutive years. Recuperative potential of treated turfgrass was determined in the field and in a greenhouse study. Amidochlor and mefluidide treatments injured turfgrass (11 to 64%) four weeks after application. However, turfgrass recovered after eight weeks. Amidochlor at 2.8 to 3.4 kg/ha and mefluidide at 0.4 kg/ha suppressed (75 to 100%) seedhead development. Ethephon at 5.6 kg/ha was ineffective. Turfgrass recovered normally each spring after amidochlor treatments, with no delay in spring green-up. Root length, root weight, and root:shoot weight ratio of the plugs from the greenhouse study were unaffected by three consecutive annual applications of amidochlor, mefluidide, and ethephon. One annual spring application of amidochlor, mefluidide, and ethephon for three consecutive years caused no adverse effects that would limit their use on red fescue-Kentucky bluegrass turf.

Differential Response of Ditchbank Grasses to Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-423
Author(s):  
J. M. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Red Fescue

Herbicides were evaluated for selectivity between three tall coarse grasses and three short fine grasses. Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceaL.), quackgrass [Agropyron repens(L.) Beauv.], and smooth brome (Bromus inermisLeyss) were consistently more susceptible to amitrole-NH4CN (3-amino-s-triazole-ammonium thiocyanate) than three desirable short grasses, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL.), creeping red fescue (Festuca rubraL.), and redtop (Agrostis albaL.). Reed canarygrass and redtop were more susceptible to dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid) than creeping red fescue. Amitrole-NH4CN and dalapon combinations were more toxic to reed canarygrass, smooth brome, and redtop than creeping red fescue. Pyriclor (2,3,5-trichloro-4-pyridinol) was quite toxic to all grasses with Kentucky bluegrass showing the most tolerance. When TCA (trichloroacetic acid) was combined with amitrole-NH4CN results were similar to the dalapon combination but overall toxicity was reduced.

scholarly journals The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Jan Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Resistance of common European grasses to diesel oil and petroleum pollution is not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the level of resistance of selected grasses to pollution by diesel and petroleum using the pot experiment. The achieved results were compared with those determined for grasses grown on the non-polluted soil. Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil. The most resistant to the pollution with diesel oil and petroleum were Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L. and Lolium × hybridum Hausskn. The degradation of particular groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) depended on their chemical properties, on the type of pollutant and grass species. The greatest degradation was determined in the case of BTEX, C<sub>6</sub>–C<sub>12</sub> benzines as well as 2- and 3-ring hydrocarbons, whereas the lowest in the case of 5-and 6-ring hydrocarbons and C<sub>12</sub>–C<sub>25</sub> oils. The most useful species in the remediation of soils polluted with diesel oil and petroleum turned out to be: Lolium perenne L., Lolium × hybridum Hausskn and Phleum pratense L., whereas the least useful appeared to be: Festuca rubra, Dactylis glomerata L. and Poa pratensis L.

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