scholarly journals Voluntary/Involuntary Admissions/Readmissions of Psychiatric Patients in a University Hospital in Turkey From 2008 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Bahadır Geniş ◽  
Behçet Coşar ◽  
Selçuk Candansayar ◽  
Nermin Gürhan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Psychiatric Admissions ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Different Cultures

Background: The treatment and hospitalization of psychiatric patients has been a dilemma for many years. Many countries have different specific legislations regarding the hospitalization and treatment of mental patients. Objective: In the current study, 4100 voluntary/involuntary psychiatric admissions and readmissions to a university hospital in Turkey were investigated, and patient groups were compared in terms of demographic variables and psychiatric diagnoses based on DSM IV-TR. Methods: The records of patients who had been hospitalized approximately 4–6 weeks were reviewed by two psychiatrists, and the patients were then divided into groups on the basis of single/multiple admissions and voluntary/involuntary admissions. The groups were compared based on psychiatric diagnoses. Results: Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis in 71.5% (n = 865) of patients with multiple admissions. The second most common diagnosis was bipolar affective disorder with 13.1% (n = 159). The rate of schizophrenia in both voluntary and involuntary hospitalizations was significant (34.5% and 54.6%, respectively). However, depression, the second most common diagnosis requiring hospitalization with a rate of 23.2% of voluntary hospitalizations, accounted for only 3.7% of involuntary hospitalizations. Conclusion: Males constituted almost 75% of the single admission group. This difference may result from the socioeconomic and cultural profile of Turkey, as mental disorders make marriage impossible and are hidden in females suffering from them. Different findings from different cultures on single/multiple admissions and voluntary/involuntary admissions of patients lead to the conclusion that specific legislation covering treatment or hospitalization for mental disorders is needed in every country.

P01-210-Bipolar affective disorder and dissociation – comparison with healthy controls

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
K. Latalova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
A. Kovacsova ◽  
A. Grambal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Clinical Global Impression Severity ◽  
Psychiatric Department

IntroductionAccording to recent findings, certain clinical symptoms of the patients suffering from affective and anxiety disorder can be related to dissociation. The aim of our study is to examine if the level of dissociation in bipolar affective disorder differ from the level of dissociation in healthy volunteers.Methods41 patients suffering from bipolar disorder (51.2% females), and 198 healthy controls (71.2% females) were included in the study. The patients with bipolar affective disorder in remission of the illness were recruited from the Outpatient psychiatric department of Psychiatry Clinic of University hospital Olomouc. Patients were psychiatrically assessed and the state of the disorder was evaluated by experienced psychiatrist. Only patients in remission of the disorder, evaluated as 1 or 2 points of clinical global impression - severity scale, were included into the study. All participants were assessed with the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES).ResultsThe groups didn’t differ in demographic variables like age, gender and education. Patients had significantly higher mean score on the DES and pathological DES than healthy controls.ConclusionOur results suggest that the level of psychological dissociation in bipolar affective patients is higher than in healthy controls.Supported by grant IGA MZ ČR NT11047

Attitude towards psychiatric patients: a pilot study in a northern Italian town

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vezzoli ◽  
L. Archiati ◽  
C. Buizza ◽  
P. Pasqualetti ◽  
G. Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
Strong Barrier

SummaryThe stigmatisation of the psychiatric patient is still a strong barrier to the integration process of these subjects in our society. Therefore, it is necessary to identify what types of prejudices exist and the types of variables with which they are linked, in order to plan strategies to reduce them. In this exploratory study we administered a semi-structured interview to 303 subjects in order to examine the relationships between social attitudes towards mental disorders and some social demographic variables, the information about mental disorders and the previous ‘contacts’ with psychiatric patients.The data analysis shows that there is a relationship between knowledge of psychiatric patients and a more positive attitude towards them (i.e., less fear, more integration and work opportunities). This study is to be considered preliminary as far as people’s attitudes towards psychiatric patients are concerned. This result encourages the planning and implementation of sensitisation and information programs concerning mental disorders, in the sense that increasing the knowledge of mental disorders could lead to significant achievements in the important fight against the stigma surrounding psychiatric patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in the Out Patient Clinic of a University Hospital- Focus on Conversion disorder- A cross- Sectional Study

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Okasha ◽  
T A Abdo ◽  
N Z Mahmoud ◽  
M M Elmissiry ◽  
R S Elqitqat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Axis I

Abstract Background Common mental disorders are highly prevalent globally, affecting people across all regions of the world. Mental disorders are not only highly prevalent medical conditions but they are also highly disabling. Conversion disorders tend to be poorly understood and can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish from other psychiatric disorders that involve physical symptoms. Objectives This study was carried out to study the prevalence and frequency of different psychiatric disorders in a sample of Egyptian patients attending the outpatient clinic of the institute of psychiatry – Ain-Shams university hospital with a focus on hysteria, both conversion and dissociative type. Patients and Methods This case control observational study was started from December 2016 till December 2017. The subjects were selected from outpatient clinics of Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University. The first 1000 random patients who present to the above mentioned clinics were recruited. Patients were subjected to Arabic version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders. Results Our study reveals that the most common diagnosis was that of mood disorders (24.6%), followed by schizophrenia (23.4%). Somatoform disorders, of which conversion is a subcategory, came as the 5th most common diagnosis with (5.2%). Conclusion our study reveals that hysteria, in both conversion and dissociative disorders, is a surviving diagnosis, despite of the separation of both diagnoses into different diagnostic categories

scholarly journals Impact of marbling art therapy activities on the anxiety levels of psychiatric patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latife Utaş Akhan ◽  
Nuray Atasoy
Keyword(s):  
Art Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Study was conducted to explore the impact of marbling art therapy on the anxiety levels of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Methods: Data for the study were at a university hospital and in the psychiatric service,polyclinic of a State Hospital with 34 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 34 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Investigations were carried out with study groups and a control group.Findings:Following marbling, it was found that there were significant decreases in the PANSS negative, in the positive, general psychopathology in terms of the scores of the group of schizophrenia patients  and in the BAI scores of patients with bipolar disorder.There was no significant difference in the BAI scores of the control group.Clinical relevance:The study showed that the method of marbling therapy led to improvements in the negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenic patients and in both patient groups, it contributed to decreasing levels of anxiety.

scholarly journals Detection of Carbamazepine Level among Patients Visiting Psychiatric and Pediatric Services of a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Dipesh Raj Panday ◽  
Gajendra Prasad Rauniar ◽  
Dilli Sher Rai ◽  
Karishma Rajbhandari Panday ◽  
Madhur Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Background: Carbamazepine plasma level is directly related to dose, therapeutic effect, and toxicity. We aimed to observe its plasma level and relationship with dose among psychiatric and pediatric patients. Methods: This observational study was performed in the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Laboratory of a university hospital for a period of 1.5 years. Twenty-six consenting patients visiting either psychiatric or pediatric service and taking carbamazepine same dose for > 8 days (i.e. > 6 half-lives) were enrolled. The primary outcome was plasma carbamazepine level as determined by a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography machine. The secondary outcome included its correlation with dose assessed by the Spearman rho’s correlation coefficient. Results: The mean dose received by the patients was 13.31 ± 5.39 mg/kg/day in pediatrics and 8.33 ± 2.29 mg/kg/day in psychiatry.  The plasma levels [median (IQR)] were 10.01 (6.27, 13.35) mg/L and 10.53 (5.17, 15.19) mg/L respectively in pediatric and psychiatric patients. Thirteen patients (50%) had therapeutic, 10 (36.46%) had above therapeutic, and 3 (11.54%) had subtherapeutic plasma level. Neurocysticercosis (23.1%) in pediatrics and partial seizure (69%) in psychiatry were the most common diagnosis. Symptom-control was achieved in 19 (73.1%) patients. The plasma carbamazepine level did not correlate with dose either in pediatric patients (p = 0.42) or in psychiatry patients (p = 0.63).  Conclusion: The plasma carbamazepine levels [median (IQR)] in pediatric and psychiatric patients were 10.01 (6.27, 13.35) mg/L and 10.53 (5.17, 15.19) mg/L respectively. The plasma level was normal in half of the recruited patients and did not correlate with dose.

Targeting xanthine oxidase by natural products as a therapeutic approach for mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Martorell ◽  
Xavier Lucas ◽  
Pedro Alarcón-Zapata ◽  
Xavier Capó ◽  
Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Application ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Dietary Flavonoids

: Mental disorders comprise diverse human pathologies including depression, bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia, and dementia that affect millions of people around the world. The causes of mental disorders are unclear but growing evidence suggests that oxidative stress and the purine/adenosine system play a key role in their development and progression. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a flavoprotein enzyme essential for the catalysis of the oxidative hydroxylation of purines -hypoxanthine and xanthine- to generate uric acid. As a consequence of the oxidative reaction of XO, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are produced and, further, contribute to the pathogenesis of mental disorders. Altered XO activity has been associated with free radical-mediated neurotoxicity inducing cell damage and inflammation. Diverse studies reported a direct association between an increased activity of XO and diverse mental diseases including depression or schizophrenia. Small-molecule inhibitors, such as the well-known allopurinol, and dietary flavonoids, can modulate the XO activity and subsequent ROS production. In the present work, we review the available literature on XO inhibition by small molecules and their potential therapeutic application in mental disorders. In addition, we discuss the chemistry and molecular mechanism of XO inhibitors, as well as the use of structure-based and computational methods to design specific inhibitors with the capability of modulating XO activity.

scholarly journals Between Punishment and Care: Autonomous Offenders Who Commit Crimes Under the Influence of Mental Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hartvigsson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Psychiatric Institutions

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a solution to a problem that arises from the fact that people who commit crimes under the influence of serious mental disorders may still have a capacity to refuse treatment. Several ethicists have argued that the present legislation concerning involuntary treatment of people with mental disorder is discriminatory and should change to the effect that psychiatric patients can refuse care on the same grounds as patients in somatic care. However, people with mental disorders who have committed crimes and been exempted from criminal responsibility would then fall outside the scope of criminal justice as well as that of the psychiatric institutions if they were to refuse care. In this paper, I present and develop a solution to how society should deal with this group of people, called Advance criminal responsibility. The basic idea being that if a person with a potentially responsibility exempting psychiatric condition refuses care, that person is responsible for any future criminal acts which are due to the mental disorder.

Prevalence of Somatic Indicators of Distress in Diabetes Patients: Comparison to Psychiatric Patients and Community Nonpatients

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Aikens
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medically Ill ◽  
Somatic Distress ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Case Classification ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Objective: Because psychiatric screening methods are usually developed using psychiatric samples but not medical samples, they often include distress indicators that overlap with medical illness. This potentially inflates psychopathology estimates for medically ill patient groups. The objective of this study was to determine whether somatic distress indicator base rates are elevated in diabetes patients. Method: The occurrence of Symptom Checklist 90-R (SLC-90-R) somatic symptoms was studied in fifty-six diabetes mellitus patients (27 insulin dependent, 29 non-insulin dependent) with non-elevated SLC-90-R profiles, as compared to both community nonpatient and psychiatric patient norms. Results: Of the fifteen SCL-90-R items rated by endocrinologists as most likely to be diabetes-related, nine were endorsed more frequently by diabetes patients than by nonpatients: faintness/dizziness (endorsed by 36% of diabetics), reduced libido (endorsed by 41%), anenergia (68%), memory problems (66%), trembling (18%), numbness (55%), weakness (39%), overeating (59%), and somatic concerns (41%). Anergia and faintness/dizziness were endorsed more frequently by psychiatric patients than diabetes patients, whereas numbness was endorsed more often by diabetes patients. Conclusions: Conservatism is warranted when applying these somatic indicators of distress to diabetes patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether such illness overlap biases case classification.

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