Practice for Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Amusement Rides and Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance And Inspection

scholarly journals Rail Diagnostics Based on Ultrasonic Guided Waves: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Davide Bombarda ◽  
Giorgio Matteo Vitetta ◽  
Giovanni Ferrante
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Track Maintenance ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Wave ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection

Rail tracks undergo massive stresses that can affect their structural integrity and produce rail breakage. The last phenomenon represents a serious concern for railway management authorities, since it may cause derailments and, consequently, losses of rolling stock material and lives. Therefore, the activities of track maintenance and inspection are of paramount importance. In recent years, the use of various technologies for monitoring rails and the detection of their defects has been investigated; however, despite the important progresses in this field, substantial research efforts are still required to achieve higher scanning speeds and improve the reliability of diagnostic procedures. It is expected that, in the near future, an important role in track maintenance and inspection will be played by the ultrasonic guided wave technology. In this manuscript, its use in rail track monitoring is investigated in detail; moreover, both of the main strategies investigated in the technical literature are taken into consideration. The first strategy consists of the installation of the monitoring instrumentation on board a moving test vehicle that scans the track below while running. The second strategy, instead, is based on distributing the instrumentation throughout the entire rail network, so that continuous monitoring in quasi-real-time can be obtained. In our analysis of the proposed solutions, the prototypes and the employed methods are described.

Enhancement of Plant Availability by Outage Shortening in European Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (EU-ABWR)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kamei ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kataoka ◽  
Kazuto Imasaki ◽  
Noboru Saito
Keyword(s):  
Boiling Water ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Boiling Water Reactor ◽  
Plant Availability ◽  
Control Rod ◽  
Water Reactor ◽  
Spray System ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Reactor Pool ◽  
Safety Systems

European Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (EU-ABWR) is developed by Toshiba. EU-ABWR accommodates an armored reactor building against Airplane Crash, severe accident mitigation systems, the N+2 principle in safety systems, the diversity principle and a large output of 1600 MWe. These features enable EU-ABWR’s design objectives and principles to be consistent with the requirements in the Finnish utility and the safety requirements of Finnish YVL guide. By adopting Scandinavian outage processes, the Plant Availability is aimed to be greater than 95%. ABWRs have an excellent design potential to acheive short outage duration (e.g., shortening of maintenance and inspection duration by applying Fine Motion Control Rod Drive and Reactor Internal Pump). In addition, the EU-ABWR applies following key design improvements to reduce a refueling outage duration; a) Direct Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) Head Spray System, b) Self-standing Control Rods and c) Water shielding reactor pool. In this paper, coolability of RPV due to application of the Direct RPV Head Spray System is also verified with numerical evaluations by Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis.

Image-Based Comprehensive Maintenance and Inspection Method for Bridges Using Deep Learning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zhao ◽  
Shengyuan Li ◽  
Hongguo Su ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Kenneth J. Loh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Health State ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Fine Turning

Bridge management and maintenance work is an important part for the assessment the health state of bridge. The conventional management and maintenance work mainly relied on experienced engineering staffs by visual inspection and filling in survey forms. However, the human-based visual inspection is a difficult and time-consuming task and its detection results significantly rely on subjective judgement of human inspectors. To address the drawbacks of human-based visual inspection method, this paper proposes an image-based comprehensive maintenance and inspection method for bridges using deep learning. To classify the types of bridges, a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier established by fine-turning the AlexNet is trained, validated and tested using 3832 images with three types of bridges (arch, suspension and cable-stayed bridge). For the recognition of bridge components (tower and deck of bridges), a Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) based on modified ZF-net is trained, validated and tested by utilizing 600 bridge images. To implement the strategy of a sliding window technique for the crack detection, another CNN from fine-turning the GoogLeNet is trained, validated and tested by employing a databank with cropping 1455 raw concrete images into 60000 intact and cracked images. The performance of the trained CNNs and Faster R-CNN is tested on some new images which are not used for training and validation processes. The test results substantiate the proposed method can indeed recognize the types and components and detect cracks for a bridges.

On Designing for Enhanced Product Sustainability by Considering the Induced Residual Stresses in Machining Operations

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Outeiro ◽  
O. W. Dillon ◽  
I. S. Jawahir
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Inconel Alloys ◽  
Product Lifetime ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Machining Operations

For improving product sustainability, a number of measures can be adopted during the product design stage for manufacturing. The modeling and control of the residual stresses and surface roughness generated by machining are among the major measures which have been shown to demonstrate the strongest influence on the machined component’s performance during its service life. The proper control of the residual stresses would provide increased product lifetime, reduced part distortion, reduced weight and reduced and less frequent maintenance and inspection of the product while maintaining the same safety level, or perhaps even improving it. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of machining parameters on the residual stresses generated in machining operations. This analysis was performed on several work materials, including carbon steels, stainless steels, Inconel alloys and tool steels. This allows developing a number of feasible means to control the residual stresses during manufacturing.

scholarly journals A HYBRID MODEL FOR THE REVERSE ENGINEERING OF THE MILAN CATHEDRAL. CHALLENGES AND LESSON LEARNT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Spettu ◽  
Simone Teruggi ◽  
Francesco Canali ◽  
Cristiana Achille ◽  
Francesco Fassi
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection

Cultural Heritage (CH) 3D digitisation is getting increasing attention and importance. Advanced survey techniques provide as output a 3D point cloud, wholly and accurately describing even the most complex architectural geometry with a priori established accuracy. These 3D point models are generally used as the base for the realisation of 2D technical drawings and 3D advanced representations. During the last 12 years, the 3DSurveyGroup (3DSG, Politecnico di Milano) conduced an omni-comprehensive, multi-technique survey, obtaining the full point cloud of Milan Cathedral, from which were produced the 2D technical drawings and the 3D model of the Main Spire used by the Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano (VF) to plan its periodic maintenance and inspection activities on the Cathedral. Using the survey product directly to plan VF activities would help to skip a long-lasting, uneconomical and manual process of 2D and 3D technical elaboration extraction. In order to do so, the unstructured point cloud data must be enriched with semantics, providing a hierarchical structure that can communicate with a powerful, flexible information system able to effectively manage both point clouds and 3D geometries as hybrid models. For this purpose, the point cloud was segmented using a machine-learning algorithm with multi-level multi-resolution (MLMR) approach in order to obtain a manageable, reliable and repeatable dataset. This reverse engineering process allowed to identify directly on the point cloud the main architectonic elements that are then re-organised in a logical structure inserted inside the informative system built inside the 3DExperience environment, developed by Dassault Systémes.

Guidelines for MACA: The Optimization of Corrosion Allowance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaan Taagepera ◽  
Craig Boyak
Keyword(s):  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Excess Capacity ◽  
Allowable Stress ◽  
Minimum Thickness ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection

Excess capacity in the design of a pressure vessel can be recognized in a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP). This pressure value is the result of the calculations for minimum thickness, in the new condition, being rounded up to the next nominal plate thickness and then working the formulae to establish limiting pressure based on the actual thickness used. Another variable which may be optimized is the design temperature. Raising the design temperature tends to result in a reduced allowable stress. Once a plate thickness has been determined, the necessary allowable stress can be back calculated. From this allowable stress, an optimized design temperature can be determined. Excess capacity can also be recognized in the form of increased corrosion allowance or MACA, the Maximum Allowable Corrosion Allowance. This is particularly helpful in the maintenance and inspection realms where life extension or unexpected thinning can force an unplanned shutdown of the unit, a fitness for service evaluation, or repair once the specified corrosion allowance is exhausted. This paper presents a set of guidelines or rules for establishing a MACA based optimization for the design of new pressure vessels.

Tools for Human Performance Enhancement in Aviation Maintenance

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
William B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Aviation Maintenance ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
The Right

Human Factors and ergonomics professionals are often asked to “show” how their research has affected on-the-job human performance. They are asked to show measurable changes in human effectiveness and efficiency at work. There is always the demand for HF&E researchers to create procedures and tools that can guide non-human factors personnel to make the “right” human-centered decisions. This symposium will show and distribute such tools that have been designed and tested in an aviation maintenance environment. For over six years now, the Federal Aviation Administration Office of Aviation Medicine has conducted an extensive research program centered on human factors in aviation maintenance and inspection. The research program has earned a reputation of demonstrating a “hands-on” understanding of aviation maintenance and maintaining a close working relationship with all segments of the industry. The symposium will begin with an overview of FAA-sponsored research results applied to aviation maintenance and safety over the past six years. In the second paper the Human Factors Guide for Aviation Maintenance, completed in 1995, will be described. The third presentation will demonstrate a CD-ROM version of the Guide. The presentation shall also discuss human-computer interface issues pertinent to developing interactive multi-media information systems. The final presentation will show a multi-media software package to conduct ergonomics audits in a variety of industrial environments. The system has evolved from three years of ergonomics audit research in aviation maintenance workplaces. Each of the session presentations will demonstrate and distribute HF&E tools to session attendees.

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