The Impact of Self-Cleaning Glass

2009 ◽  
pp. 20-20-6
Author(s):  
CJ Barry ◽  
T O'Day
Keyword(s):  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Superhydrophobic and photocatalytic self-cleaning on cotton fabric using fluorine-free flower-like-TiO2/PDMS coatings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esfandiar Pakdel ◽  
Hai Zhao ◽  
Jinfeng Wang ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Russell Varley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Nitrogen Doping ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Polydimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This research presents the development of novel self-cleaning cotton fabric with dual functionalities of superhydrophobicity and photocatalytic activity. Fluorine-free coating formulations composed of either flower-like TiO2 or nitrogen-doped TiO2 particles, with a hierarchical surface morphology, and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) polymer were applied to cotton fabrics using a facile dip-coating method. The self-cleaning performance of fabrics was assessed based on their superhydrophobicity and effective removal of oil-based food stains. Additionally, the impact of nitrogen doping on photocatalytic activity of flower-like TiO2 particles was investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that the presence of both PDMS and hierarchical particles generated excellent superhydrophobicity on the cotton fabric with a water contact angle of 156.7 ± 1.9⁰. In addition, the coated fabric exhibited highly efficient photocatalytic activity, decomposing stains under simulated sunlight. Nitrogen doping process significantly boosted the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles in degrading stains and dye solution. The developed superhydrophobic fabric showed high robustness against both chemical and physical durability tests. This research contributes significantly to the continued advancement of highly efficient self-cleaning textiles via the development of dual functions of superhydrophobicity and photocatalytic activity.

scholarly journals Observation of spatial nonlinear self-cleaning in a few-mode step-index fiber for special distributions of initial excited modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mohammadzahery ◽  
Maryam Jandaghi ◽  
Ebrahim Aghayari ◽  
Hasan Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Kerr Effect ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Output Beam ◽  
Step Index ◽  
Spatial Beam ◽  
Power Threshold ◽  
Nonlinear Kerr Effect ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Step Index Fiber

AbstractIn this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that a nonlinear Kerr effect in suitable coupling conditions can introduce a spatially self-cleaned output beam for a few-mode step-index fiber. The impact of the distribution of the initial excited modes on spatial beam self-cleaning has been demonstrated. It is also shown experimentally that for specific initial conditions, the output spatial pattern of the pulsed laser can be reshaped into the LP11 mode due to nonlinear coupling among the propagating modes. Self-cleaning into LP11 mode required higher input powers with respect to the power threshold for LP01 mode self-cleaning. Our experimental results are in agreement with the results of numerical calculations.

Simulation program of a cytotoxic compounding robot for monoclonal antibodies and anti-infectious sterile drug preparation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1873-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Deljehier ◽  
Guillaume Bouguéon ◽  
Jeanne Heloury ◽  
Valérie Moreno ◽  
Aude Berroneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Simulation Accuracy ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to develop a specific simulation program for the validation of a cytotoxic compounding robot, KIRO® Oncology, for the preparation of sterile monoclonal antibodies and anti-infectious drugs. The impact of excipient formulations was clearly measured using simulation accuracy tests with worst case excipient (i.e. viscous, foaming) and allowed to correct the robotic settings prior to real production. Corrections brought accuracies within the acceptable range of ±5%. KIRO® Oncology robot has also the capacity of self-cleaning and a simulation combining media fill test, and environmental monitoring was able to validate the aseptic process including simulation of worst case conditions and highlighting the areas not accessible to self-cleaning to be corrected by additional manual cleaning measures. The risk of chemical contamination was simulated by using fluorescent dye of the process with high-risk excipient formulation and overpressure vials. Quality control reliability was simulated by using a model drug, and final concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. Finally, productivity was simulated using different models of production showing the impact of the type of drug, the number of vials and the poor standardization of the process.

scholarly journals Preliminary studies of photocatalytic activity of gypsum plasters containing TiO2 co-modified with nitrogen and carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janus ◽  
Kamila Bubacz ◽  
Justyna Zatorska ◽  
Ewelina Kusiak-Nejman ◽  
Adam Czyżewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Carbon Doping ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Reactive Red 198 ◽  
Gypsum Plaster ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The conducted studies were focused on the development of the gypsum material exhibiting self-cleaning properties. To this end, the raw gypsum was mixed with unique TiO2-based photocatalysts, previously modified by nitrogen and/ or carbon doping. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained gypsum plasters was evaluated trough the degradation of model organic compound (Reactive Red 198) under UV-vis irradiation. The impact of the photocatalysts presence on the physicochemical properties of the obtained gypsum plasters was evaluated. Furthermore, the role of non-metals presence on the photocatalytic properties of the TiO2 was determined. It was confirmed that the addition of N,C co-modified titanium dioxide into gypsum bestows this material with self-cleaning properties. The highest dye removal rate was displayed by the gypsum plaster containing optimal amount (10 wt%) of co-modified TiO2/N,C photocatalyst, after 20 hours of UV-vis irradiation.

scholarly journals High Transmittance Superhydrophobic Coatings with Durable Self-Cleaning Properties

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Michele Ferrari ◽  
Paolo Piccardo ◽  
Justine Vernet ◽  
Francesca Cirisano
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

One of the most important factors determining a significant reduction in optical devices’ efficiency is the accumulation of soiling substances such as dust, which, especially in solar power plants, implies higher costs and materials ageing. The use of superhydrophobic (SH) coatings, water contact angle (CA) greater than 150°, represents a suitable solution to improve the self-cleaning action while at the same time providing high transmittance for energy conversion. A mixed organic–inorganic SH coating with surface roughness below 100 nm was prepared by an easily scalable spray method and employed, allowing us to modulate the covered area and transparency. The coating has been also investigated while simulating pollution agents like acid rain, harsh environments, and the impact of continuous water droplets and dust particles with different physicochemical properties. The spray coating method allows us to obtain a modulated SH and self-cleaning surface showing CA > 170°, high transmittance in UV-Vis range and the ability to completely restore its initial properties in terms of wettability and transmittance after durability and soiling tests.

scholarly journals Effect of Applying Cold Plasma on Structural, Antibacterial and Self Cleaning Properties of α-Fe2O3 (HEMATITE) Thin Film

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Abdalhussain A. Khadayeir ◽  
Ahmed H. Wannas ◽  
Falah H. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Chemical Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Injection ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

Objective: In this study, α-Fe2O3 thin film was formed on a glass substrate to study the impact of adding cold plasma on the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the samples. Method: The samples were synthesized using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method at 450°C. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscope were used to investigate the morphological and structural characteristics of α-Fe2O3 thin layers prior to and following plasma injection. Finding: The degree of wettability and antibacterial characteristics of iron oxide (hematite) thin film were evaluated in the presence of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria prior to and following plasma injection, given the great potential of plasma injection in the surface modification of thin films. Novelty: The findings indicate that exposing plasma to α-Fe2O3thin film produces substantial changes in morphology, self-cleaning, and antibacterial characteristics. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-06 Full Text: PDF

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

Organic Syntheses During the Impact of a Comet with a Gaseous Planet

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Cesare Guaita ◽  
Roberto Crippa ◽  
Federico Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA large amount of CO has been detected above many SL9/Jupiter impacts. This gas was never detected before the collision. So, in our opinion, CO was released from a parent compound during the collision. We identify this compound as POM (polyoxymethylene), a formaldehyde (HCHO) polymer that, when suddenly heated, reformes monomeric HCHO. At temperatures higher than 1200°K HCHO cannot exist in molecular form and the most probable result of its decomposition is the formation of CO. At lower temperatures, HCHO can react with NH3 and/or HCN to form high UV-absorbing polymeric material. In our opinion, this kind of material has also to be taken in to account to explain the complex evolution of some SL9 impacts that we observed in CCD images taken with a blue filter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document