China in 2005: Hu's in Charge

Asian Survey ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Saich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Party Control ◽  
State And Society ◽  
New Development ◽  
Social Tensions ◽  
Political Realm

China's new development strategy seeks to combine populist authoritarianism in the political realm with a shift in economic policy that focuses more on the sustainability and quality of economic growth rather than its speed. Rising social tensions have fed into tightening party control over state and society.

The Quality of Kazakhstan’s Economic Policy and Balance of Payments

2008 ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Efficiency

Kazakhstan’s economic policy in 1996-2007, its character and the degree of responsibility, the correlation between economic development and balance of current accounts are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their macroeconomic efficiency. It is concluded that in conditions of high rates of economic growth in Kazahkstan in 2000-2007 the net profits of foreign investors are 10-11% of GDP every year. The tendency of negative balance of current accounts in favor of foreign investors is also analyzed.

STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF RAISING THE RETIREMENT AGE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN RUSSIA AND EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Apenko ◽  
◽  
Olga Kiriliuk ◽  
Elena Legchilina ◽  
Tatiana Tsalko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of a study of the impact of pension reform in Russia on economic growth and quality of life in a digital economy, taking into account the experience of raising the retirement age in Europe. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the impact of raising the retirement age on economic growth in the context of the development of digitalization in Russia and a comparative analysis with European countries. Results: the studies conducted allowed us to develop a system of indicators characterizing the impact of raising the retirement age on economic growth and the quality of life of the population in the context of digitalization. The authors found that raising the retirement age leads to a change in labor relations in Russia and Europe. The application of the proposed indicators can be used in the formation of a balanced state socio-economic policy in the field of institutional changes in the field of labor relations and raising the retirement age. The study was carried out under a grant from the RFBR № 19-010-00362 А.

SHORTCOMINGS OF COMMONLY USED METHODS OF MEASURING THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wojciechowski ◽  
Tomasz Wołowiec
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
State And Society ◽  
State Of The Environment

The article analyzes the flaws of the classical measures of economic growth. It is based on the assumption that, while not questioning the quality of the GDP indicator as a tool for measuring economic activity, it points out that the way this indicator is constructed influences the actions of governments, citizens and other actors, affecting also non-productive areas. What we measure affects what we do - if production is measured, then the criterion determining the success of the state and society will be the growth of production, and not the level of education, health or state of the environment. Gross domestic product in many cases includes production that, from the point of view of the community, indicates unfavorable processes. These are the so-called anti-goods, i.e., phenomena that increase GDP, although they worsen well-being and are socially undesirable).

scholarly journals Conditional Efficiency of Official Development Assistance (ODA) on Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ladifatou GACHILI NDI GBAMBIE ◽  
Ousseni MONGBET
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

<p>Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries have benefited for more than fifty years from international aid in the form of loans and/or donations. Nevertheless, they seem not to benefit from these massive financial resources (ODA) they receive because their economic and social situation is not very good. This study aims to assess the impact of ODA on economic growth in SSA and to see if its effect on growth is conditioned by the quality of the economic policy. The estimates are conducted on a dynamic panel of twenty-three SSA countries running from 1985 to 2014. With macroeconomic data from the World Bank's CD-ROM (World Development Indicators, 2015), the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) system from Blundel and Bond (1998) was used. The results show that the impact of ODA on growth is not significant. Subsequently, when squared aid (ODA2) is included in the estimate, ODA becomes significant, meaning that a substantial amount of assistance is required to be effective in raising the economic growth rate of the SSA countries. In addition, the effectiveness of ODA is conditioned by the quality of the economic policy. This seems to be bad in SSA, hence the negative impact of the aid on economic growth.</p>

scholarly journals Enhancing economic development via the increase of the quality of education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Know How ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development ◽  
Key Factor

Sustainable economic development is one of the most important mission of economic policy. More analysis demonstrate that the key factor is the investment of human capital, which means a correlation between economic growth and quality of education. In this study we overview, how human capital and educational development effect to the economic growth, and how is it possible to quantify the results. We also get to know how the degree of development influenced by the quality of education.

scholarly journals Mass Poverty in Pakistan: Some Preliminary Findings

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Conference ◽  
Political Demand ◽  
Future Growth

The disillusionment of many developing countries with past policies which paid exclusive attention to the rate of growth has, in recent years, led to a some¬what belated interest in the problems of unemployment, income distribution and mass poverty. Pakistan/perhaps, has the unique, if dubious, distinction of being one of the first developing countries both to adopt and, later, to reject growthmanship as a national creed.1 Although serious doubts about the assumptions and implications of the official strategy of economic growth in Pakistan began to be expressed in 1968, the issues were clouded by the political demand for the autonomy, and later the separation of the eastern wing of the country. At the recent Pakistan Economic Conference, held in February 1973, some of the basic issues of Pakistan's development strategy were discussed hi detail in various papers [1], [7], [14], [25]. The focus of these papers was on income distribution and employment and their implications for the future growth strategy. The present author in his paper [14] at the Conference, presented some tentative estimates of mass poverty and unemployment in West Pakistan. The present paper is designed to give more systematic estimates of the extent of mass poverty in Pakistan.

Indian Economy after Independence

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-342
Author(s):  
Tirthankar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
The Political ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
And Shifts

Chapter 13 surveys economic change and shifts in the political context of economic change in the Indian Union, 1950–2010. Based on the survey, the chapter answers three larger questions. First, why was economic growth relatively low in the first 35 years after the end of colonialism, and why was there a turnaround in the pace of economic change in the 1980s? Second, why did human development lag achievements in income growth after the turnaround? If the quality of life failed to improve enough, then a third question follows, why did the democratic political system survive at all if it did not fairly distribute the benefits from growth?

Thwarted Comparative Advantage, Economic Policy and Industrialization in the Dominican Republic and Trinidad and Tobago

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Thoumi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
External Sector ◽  
Relative Profitability

Economic growth and government policies in small Caribbean countries have been conditioned (1) by the very large fluctuations in their external sector which continuously change the relative profitability of the various productive sectors of their economies, greatly complicating the macroeconomics management of their economies; (2) by the attempts of their governments to cope with those fluctuations; and (3) by the political economy relations that prevail in those countries, and that determine the nature of government intervention and the role of the private sector.

scholarly journals Economic Literacy: Does It Matter for Policy Understanding?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Ramlee Ismail ◽  
Mohd Yahya Mohd Hussin ◽  
Fidlizan Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Vital Factor

The quality of human capital is indispensable for economic growth and sustainability. The developed nations have shown evidence of a positive relationship between education and economic development. In all respects, a better understanding of economics among citizens has led to more efficiency in implementing economic policies. In this paper, we explore a possible relationship between economic literacy and policy understanding. Policy knowledge, interest and explanation are measured through policy understanding. This study used the students’ teachers as a sample and found that economic literacy was below 50 per cent. Meanwhile, the level of policy understanding was moderate. Interestingly, our findings showed that economic literacy is not strongly associated with economic policy understanding. Policy interest appeared as an important element for policy understanding among the sample. In a volatile economic environment, the level of economic knowledge among the population is a vital factor for the implementation of economic policies. A further investigation must be conducted to assess this issue.

scholarly journals Democracy and Economic Development: Disentangling the Effect of Elections and Rule of Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-205
Author(s):  
Yassine Bakkar ◽  
Ali Recayi Ögcem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
First Order ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Islamic Countries

Abstract The article provides evidence on how the political settlements—rule of law and elections—would affect the economic development and enhances the economic growth. It empirically investigates whether democracy affects the economic convergence of countries through the quality of institutions: (i) electoral component of democracy, and (ii) rule of law parameters. Investigations differentiate between Islamic and non-Islamic countries. We find that the elections parameter has a first-order effect on economic development; such a relationship is not confirmed for Islamic countries. Rule of law also influences this relationship, but brings less efficient impact to the economic development. Our results are obtained using a sample of 167 countries over the 2010–2012 period.

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