Silences in Music are Musical Not Silent: An Exploratory Study of Context Effects on the Experience of Musical Pauses

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Musical Excerpts ◽  
Tonal Context ◽  
Musical Context

SILENCES IN MUSIC ARE DISTINGUISHED acoustically along only one dimension: the length of time they occupy. However, like pauses in speech, they are distinguished syntactically along many dimensions, depending on the context in which they occur. In two experiments, one using musical excerpts from commercially available recordings, and the other using simpler constructed excerpts, participants' reactions to silences were assessed. Participants pressed a button when they heard a period of silence begin and end, moved a slider to indicate perceived changes in musical tension across the course of each excerpt, and answered a series of questions about each silence, including questions about its duration, placement, salience, and metric qualities. Musical context, especially tonal context, affected the response to silence as measured by all three tasks. Specifically, silences following tonal closure were identified more quickly and perceived as less tense than silences following music lacking such closure.

Galilean Relativity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wittman
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Principle Of Relativity ◽  
Galilean Relativity ◽  
Laws Of Motion

Galilean relativity is a useful description of nature at low speed. Galileo found that the vertical component of a projectile’s velocity evolves independently of its horizontal component. In a frame that moves horizontally along with the projectile, for example, the projectile appears to go straight up and down exactly as if it had been launched vertically. The laws of motion in one dimension are independent of any motion in the other dimensions. This leads to the idea that the laws of motion (and all other laws of physics) are equally valid in any inertial frame: the principle of relativity. This principle implies that no inertial frame can be considered “really stationary” or “really moving.” There is no absolute standard of velocity (contrast this with acceleration where Newton’s first law provides an absolute standard). We discuss some apparent counterexamples in everyday experience, and show how everyday experience can be misleading.

scholarly journals Assessing a Linear Nanosystem's Limiting Reliability from its Components

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Fixed Moment ◽  
Nanosized Systems

Nanosystems are devices that are in the size range of a billionth of a meter (1 x 10-9) and therefore are built necessarily from individual atoms. The one-dimensional nanosystems or linear nanosystems cover all the nanosized systems which possess one dimension that exceeds the other two dimensions, i.e. extension over one dimension is predominant over the other two dimensions. Here only two of the dimensions have to be on the nanoscale (less than 100 nanometers). In this paper we consider the structural relationship between a linear nanosystem and its atoms acting as components of the nanosystem. Using such information, we then assess the nanosystem's limiting reliability which is, of course, probabilistic in nature. We consider the linear nanosystem at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the linear nanosystem depends only on the present states of its atoms.

Musical training improves memory for instrumental music, but not vocal music or words

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. P. Wilbiks ◽  
Sean Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Verbal Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Facilitative Effect ◽  
Musical Excerpts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Brain

In previous research, there exists some debate about the effects of musical training on memory for verbal material. The current research examines this relationship, while also considering musical training effects on memory for musical excerpts. Twenty individuals with musical training were tested and their results were compared to 20 age-matched individuals with no musical experience. Musically trained individuals demonstrated a higher level of memory for classical musical excerpts, with no significant differences for popular musical excerpts or for words. These findings are in support of previous research showing that while music and words overlap in terms of their processing in the brain, there is not necessarily a facilitative effect between training in one domain and performance in the other.

WorldCat, the Other ETD Database: An Exploratory Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Procious
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
The Other

Is There a Place for Anthropology in Social Science History?

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-559
Author(s):  
Alice Bee Kasakoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Science History ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
Secure Place

Imagine a fourfold table in which one dimension is “present versus past” and the other “exotic versus home.” Traditionally, social and cultural anthropology’s domain has been the exotic’s present and history’s domain the home’s past. A third box, the home’s present, has been occupied by sociology, while the fourth, the exotic’s past, has usually been the province of anthropologists too because other disciplines—with the exception, perhaps, of ethnohistorians—are usually even less interested in exotic peoples’ past than in their present. These domains are now in flux. I argue, in what follows, that only when the oversimplified ideas about time and space that have created them are seriously questioned will anthropology find a secure “place” in social science history.

scholarly journals COUNTRY MATTERS: WELL-BEING AND EMIGRATION PLANS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SLOVAKIA AND BULGARIA: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF ROOTEDNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Frederika Lučanská ◽  
◽  
Oľga Orosová ◽  
Vihra Naydenova ◽  
Jozef Benka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between well-being, rootedness and emigration plans (EP) among university students in Slovakia and Bulgaria. It also explored the mediation effect of rootedness in the relationship between well-being and EP. The data were collected throughan online survey (SLiCE 2016). The research sample consisted of 361 university students (M=22.4 years, SD=3.8) from Slovakia (141, 86.5% female) and Bulgaria (220, 69.1% female). Based on their emigration plans, the respondentswere dividedinto two groups;those who do not plan to leave (n=218, 60.4%) and those who plan to leave in the long term (n=143, 39.6%) after they finish university. ForSlovakia, all factors were significantly related toEP. Furthermore, the association between well-being and EP was fully mediated by two dimensions of rootedness with different psychological mechanisms. For Bulgaria, only well-being and onedimension of rootedness,desire for change,were significantly related to EP. It was also found that the association between well-being and EP was partially mediated by only one dimension of rootedness –desire for change. This study highlightsthat rootedness hasa different relationship with other examined factorsin different countries and also that it is necessary to respect the cultural and socio-economic featuresof acountry.

scholarly journals Estudo preliminar da anáfora num corpus de interpretação simultânea

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Araújo ◽  
Ana Correia
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Interpreter Training ◽  
The One ◽  
Anaphoric Relations

In this paper, we propose an exploratory study about the usefulness of multilingual corpora in areas related to the study of language, translation and, in particular, of simultaneous interpreting. After a brief overview of corpus-based interpreting studies as well as of some existing electronic interpreting corpora, we move on to describe the compilation stages of a bidirectional multimedia corpus (PT--EN/EN--PT). This is followed by an example of how the corpus can be explored, which focuses on the issue of anaphoric relations. The aim of this study if twofold: on the one hand, to convey the relevance of this type of resource as a repository of authentic simultaneous interpreting data; and, on the other hand, to demonstrate that by analysing it from a linguistic perspective it may be possible to identify sensitive areas in simultaneous interpreting (e.g. anaphora), which may prove an important contribution for interpreter training.

scholarly journals Adult’s Participation in Work-related Training: The Balance between Improving Job and a Desire for Learning

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Inés Renta Davids ◽  
Manel Fandos-Garrido ◽  
José Miguel Jiménez-González ◽  
Ángel Pío González-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Motivation To Participate

<p>The study draws on findings from a survey of adults in non-formal continuing education under the professional training for employment framework in Spain. Quantitative analysis was carried out to a sample of 425 respondents from three different educational providers. Firstly, a factor analysis was conducted to fourteen motives for participation items. A two-dimension model of motivation to participate was identified: one dimension oriented towards job-improvement and the other dimension oriented towards learning. Secondly, a variance analysis was conducted according to demographics variables. Results showed significant statistical differences in the first dimension according to demographic variables. This might indicates an instrumental motivation in participation in work-related training among different groups who try to cope with different types of drawbacks.</p>

scholarly journals The role of morality in social cognition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lauren Ray ◽  
Peter Mende-Siedlecki ◽  
Ana P. Gantman ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
Important Basis

Over the past few decades, two-factor models of social cognition have emerged as the dominant framework for understanding impression formation. Despite the differences in the labels, there is wide agreement that one dimension reflects sociability potential, and the other, competence. One way in which the various two-factor models do clearly differ, however, is in the way the dimensions incorporate or produce evaluations of morality. Aristotle saw morality as the most important basis on which to form positive evaluations, because competence and sociability could only be virtuous, sincere, and trustworthy if expressed through a moral character. This chapter highlights research demonstrating the unique and possibly primary role of morality in social cognition. We clarify the dynamic, interactive, and conjoint effects of morality on social perception, and argue morality, competence, and sociability are three influential and interactive dimensions of social perception.

Stimulus-Presentation Methods and Ability to Shift Dimensions in Color-Form Preference of Retardates

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendell J. Goesling
Keyword(s):  
Preference Test ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Successive Presentation ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Color Form ◽  
Presentation Methods ◽  
Form Preference

A color-form sorting task was given to 40 institutionalized male retardates divided into two groups equated in mental age. Part I, a preference test, required that 8 stimulus figures, varying in color (red or green) and form (triangle or square), be sorted into 2 bins each marked by a comparison stimulus-figure resembling test stimuli on only one dimension. In Part II, stimuli were again presented but with the instructions to shift the basis of categorization. The procedure with both groups differed only in the method of stimulus presentation; one group received 8 figures simultaneously, the other successively. Retardates in general preferred color to form in categorization and ability to shift dimensions is facilitated by successive presentation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document