Discurso méédico, cultura higiéénica y la mujer en la ciudad de Mééxico al cambio de siglo (XIX ––XX)

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Agostoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres

This article explores why alongside sanitary legislation and public health works, Mexican physicians of the late nineteenth century attempted to transform the habits, customs and day to day activities of the population. It stresses the importance that the teaching of the principles of private and public hygiene had for the future of the country, how this education was to be carried out, and why some members of the medical profession believed that the hygienic education of mothers/women was an unavoidable requirement for the progress of the nation. Este artíículo analiza por quéé durante las déécadas finales del siglo diecinueve, el gremio méédico mexicano consideraba que era absolutamente indispensable que los habitantes del paíís, y en particular las mujeres de la capital, contaran con una cultura de la higiene. No sóólo era fundamental sanear y ordenar a la ciudad de Mééxico mediante obras de infraestructura sanitaria, y emitir leyes que regularan la salubridad de la nacióón, sino que era igualmente importante, y quizáás máás urgente, que los habitantes transformaran sus háábitos y costumbres de acuerdo con lo establecido por la higiene púública y privada. Asimismo, el artíículo examina los méétodos mediante los cuales se procuróó crear una cultura de la higiene, y por quéé la madre de familia fue considerada como una aliada imprescindible para la empresa de los higienistas.

scholarly journals El acceso de las mujeres a la Universidad en España: el caso de las primeras universitarias leridanas (1882-1920) = Access of Women to the University in Spain: the Case of the First University Women in Lleida (1882-1920)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quintí Casals
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Small City ◽  
University Women ◽  
University History ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The University

Resumen: En el presente artículo estudiamos los casos específicos de las primeras universitarias leridanas que conocemos como paradigmáticos del acceso de las mujeres a la universidad en España a finales del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX. Los ámbitos de estudio son Medicina, Farmacia y Filosofía y Letras. Mediante la comparación de las biografías de estas primeras universitarias leridanas buscamos paralelismos que expliquen como en una ciudad pequeña como Lleida, se dio la circunstancia que surgieran algunas de las pioneras españolas en los citados campos de estudio.Palabras clave: Historia universitaria, universitarias, primeras doctoras, primeras licenciadas.Abstract: In this paper we study the specific cases of the first women of Lleida that go to the university like a paradigmatic case of women’s access to the university in Spain in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth. The areas of study are Medicine, Pharmacy and Philosophy. By comparing the biographies of these first university women, we seek parallels that explain how in a small city like Lleida, were given the circumstances for arising some of the Spanish first women in the above fields of study.Keywords: University history, university, first female doctors, first graduates 

Chinese toms in the making of the drum kit: Localization and exoticism

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
New Music ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The late nineteenth century and early decades of the twentieth century saw the drum kit emerge as an assemblage of musical instruments that was central to much new music of the time and especially to the rise of jazz. This article is a study of Chinese drums in the making of the drum kit. The notions of localization and exoticism are applied as conceptual tools for interpreting the place of Chinese drums in the early drum kit. Why were distinctly Chinese drums used in the early drum kit? How did the Chinese drums shape the future of the drum kit? The drum kit has been at the heart of most popular music throughout the twentieth century to the present day, and, as such, this article will be beneficial to educators, practitioners and scholars of popular music education.

Opiates and the ‘Therapeutic Revolution’ in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Short Span

Summary This article argues that the widespread use of opiate-compounded medicines in late-nineteenth-century Japan was partly a result of Meiji period (1868–1912) public health policies. An overview of the status of opiates in Japan from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries is intended to explain possible reasons: pharmaceutical reforms in the 1870s and 1880s were based on Edo-period (1603–1868) protostructures of regulated drug manufacture; in contrast, the Meiji government failed to introduce Western clinical practice within a short span of time. As a result opiates, marketed as Western ‘modern’ medicines, were smoothly integrated into pre-existing beliefs, according to which drugs and diets maintained bodily health.

Realism and Hope After Niebuhr

Worldview ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
John C. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Gospel ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Fourth Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Great Force

I have already lived in three different theological climates, during three periods marked by quite different hopes and expectations for the future of humanity. I am not sure whether or not we are entering a fourth period, but the pattern of both commitments and hopes is less clear than it seemed to be in the recent past.Before 1930 and back into the late nineteenth century there was the period of the Social Gospel, which was a great force in the churches and which reflected the secular expectations of progress that were general at the time. I was part of this movement myself and to a large extent shared its hopes, though I never believed that progress was inevitable or irreversible.

AS NOÇÕES DE PROGRESSO DO IMPÉRIO ဠREPÚBLICA: transformações recônditas em uma mesma terminologia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NUNES DE AZEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Republic

 A palavra progresso teve o seu campo semá¢ntico redimensionado ao longo do perá­odo da passagem da Monarquia á  República. Durante o perá­odo imperial, o valor maior a ser cultivado pela elite polá­tica brasileira era a ideia de construção de uma nação civilizada. A noção de progresso ainda se tornara autônoma á  ideia de civilização, e não se encontrava centrada na ideia de desenvolvimento material. Com o advento da República e de uma série de transformações presentes no Brasil e no Rio de Janeiro de fins do século XIX, a ideia de progresso ganha autonomia, passa a se encontrar cada vez mais centrada na perspectiva de modernização e de desenvolvimento material da sociedade brasileira e carioca.Palavras-chave: Progresso. Civilização. Rio de Janeiro. Monarquia. República.THE NOTIONS OF PROGRESS OF THE EMPIRE TO THE REPUBLIC:  recondit transformations in the same terminologyAbstract: The word progress had its semantic field changed through the period of transition from monarchy to republic. During the imperial period, the highest value to be cultivated by the Brazilian political elite was the idea of building a civilized nation. The notion of progress yet become autonomous to the idea of civilization, and was not focused on idea of material development. With the arrival of the Republic and a number of changes present in Brazil and in Rio de Janeiro in the late nineteenth century, the idea of progress become independent, and proceeds to find increasingly focused on the modernization perspective, and material development of Brazilian and carioca society.Keywords: Progress. Civilization. Rio de Janeiro. Monarchy. Republic.LOS CONCEPTOS DE PROGRESO DEL IMPERIO A LA REPÚBLICA:  transformaciones recónditas en la misma terminologá­aResumen: La palabra progreso tuvo su campo semántico cambiado a lo largo del perá­odo del pasaje de la Monarquá­a a la República. Durante el perá­odo imperial, el mayor valor a ser cultivado por la élite polá­tica brasileña era la idea de construcción una nación civilizada. La noción de progreso todavá­a se ha hecho autónoma a la idea de civilización, y no se centraba en la idea de desarrollo material. Con el advenimiento de la República y de una serie de cambios presentes en Brasil y en Rá­o de Janeiro en finales del siglo XIX, la idea de progreso obtiene autonomá­a y pasa a encontrarse cada vez más centrada en la perspectiva de modernización y de desarrollo material de la sociedad brasileña y carioca.Palabras clave: Progresso. Civilización. Rá­o de Janeiro. Monarquá­a. República.  

scholarly journals DISJUNCTIVE CIRCLES: MODERN INTELLECTUAL CULTURE IN CUZCO AND THE JOURNEYS OF INCAN ANTIQUITIES, C.1877–1921

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFANIE GÄNGER
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
European North ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Intellectual Networks ◽  
The Many

This essay explores the journeys of Andean pre-Columbian antiquities across the Americas and the Atlantic during the late nineteenth century along the veins of intellectual networks, between Andean communities and European, North American and Creole collectors and museums. Centred on the studies and collection of José Lucas Caparó Muñíz, the essay focuses on the Creole and European practice of lifting pre-Columbian objects preserved or “still” in use in Andean communities out of their context and taking them to European and Creole private and public collections. Intellectual history has long paid scant attention to the many voices that its authors silenced, disfigured and suppressed. By looking at the journeys of Andean artefacts—at their owners, their brokers and their losers—this erssay traces the systemic hierarchies and the chasms of an expanding modern intellectual culture.

“An Urgent Need for Hygiene”

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-124
Author(s):  
Amanda M. López
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix

In 1909, the Mexico City Department of Public Works installed two crematory ovens in the capital’s municipal cemetery, the Panteón de Dolores, in culmination of a late nineteenth-century campaign by officials that advocated cremation as a modern and hygienic form of burial for all Mexicans. In practice, all classes rejected cremation and only the very poor were cremated. This essay examines the arguments for and against cremation and the implementation and daily practice surrounding cremation in Mexico City from the 1870s–1920. The establishment of cremation was part of the Porfirian project to modernize and sanitize Mexico that targeted the poor as an obstacle to progress. En 1909, el Departamento de Obras Públicas de la ciudad de México instaló dos hornos crematorios en el cementerio municipal de la capital, el Panteón de Dolores, en culminación de una campaña a finales del siglo XIX por los funcionarios que defendían la cremación como una forma moderna e higiénica de entierro para todos los mexicanos. En práctica, todas las clases rechazaron cremación y sólo los muy pobres fueron cremados. Este ensayo examina los argumentos a favor y en contra de la cremación y la implementación y la práctica diaria que rodea la cremación en la ciudad de México entre 1870–1920. El establecimiento de la cremación era parte del proyecto porfiriano de modernizar y desinfectar México que apuntó a los pobres como un obstáculo al progreso.

scholarly journals Emociones socialistas en la huelga minera de 1890. La formación de la conciencia de clase y el giro emocional / Socialist Emotions during the Miner’ Strike of 1890. The Formation of Class Consciousness and the Emotional Turn

2017 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sara Hidalgo García
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix

This article suggests a new way of analysis of the process of class consciousness formation in the Biscay basin of the Nervión (Spain) during the late nineteenth century. To this purpose the tools from the emotional turn theory are used, namely the concept of emotional regime understood as set of emotional expressions and normative emotions that underpins a political regime. The process will be studied through the great miner strike of 1890, the founding event of the working class movement in this area, or emotional response to the experience of social, economic and political changes by some miners in the Triano-Somorrostro zone. In this way, a “red Socialist emotional regime” would have emerged in 1890 which, from the Biscay labour class, revolved around aspects such as: defence of a code of dignity, pacifism in the protest, and a new and strong emotional norm to create community such as solidarity.Key WordsEmotional turn, Biscay socialism, working class, miners, red Socialist emotional regime, 1890 strike in Biscay.ResumenEste artículo propone un análisis renovado del proceso de formación de la conciencia de clase en la cuenca vizcaína del Nervión (España) a finales del siglo XIX. Para ello se usan las herramientas que proporciona la teoría del giro emocional, en concreto el concepto de régimen emocional o la normatividad emocional que sirve de base al régimen político. El estudio se centra en la huelga minera de 1890, acontecimiento fundacional del movimiento obrero en esta área, que es explicado como la expresión de la respuesta emocional de la experiencia de los cambios sociales, económicos y políticos dada por algunos obreros mineros de Triano-Somorrostro. Así, en 1890 habría nacido un “régimen emocional socialista rojo” que, surgido de la clase obrera vizcaína, pivotó sobre elementos tales como la defensa de un código de dignidad obrero, el pacifismo en las acciones de protesta, y la aparición de una nueva y poderosa norma emocional para crear comunidad como es la solidaridad.Palabras claveGiro emocional, socialismo vizcaíno, clase obrera, mineros, régimen emocional socialista rojo, huelga de 1890 en Vizcaya.

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