scholarly journals Sound as Hermeneutic, or Helmholtz and the Quest for Objective Perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
David Trippett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Sense Perception ◽  
Discursive Space ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
The Real ◽  
Opening Up

In 1878, at the height of his fame, Helmholtz asked what was objective in perception, declaring that—in contrast to empirical science—it is the “artist [who] has beheld the real.” His lecture sought to show how sensory perception can be law-like, and how the effects of art are ultimately grounded in such law-likeness. Such a claim for an objective measure of perception was not unprecedented, yet it failed to distinguish cleanly between what is objective and what is real, opening up a discursive space regarding what sound “is,” and what its objective perception may be. Its arguments followed calls for “a science of beauty” based on number, and was motivated, in part, by Helmholtz's attempt to distance himself from the “weaknesses of Romanticism.” This articles argues that Helmholtz's bold claims were only possible on the basis of the writings of German materialists during the 1840s and 50s, and because sound had been figured for decades as an ambiguous object. On this basis, the article considers the role of sound within epistemological debates over sense perception and concepts of the real during the later nineteenth century. It examines the ways in which sound's abstract character became co-opted within Anglo-German discourse concerning objective perception and the scientifically real, initially through the lens of Helmholtz's 1878 lecture, but later broadening this focus to include the mid-century architects of a philosophical materialism, as well as their detractors. A closing case study, a closely documented wager between a geologist and a philosopher about the “real” of sound ca. 1850, demonstrates the imaginative uses of sound as a metonym for philosophical debate. This raises questions about the relation of sensation and number, the contested affinity between sound and concepts of the absolute, and the underlying desire to possess objects of sensory experience.

Measuring the Role of Urban Vegetation on Air Quality: The Case Study of the Real Bosco di Capodimonte in Naples, Italy

2017 ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaela Esposito ◽  
Gabriele Guidolotti ◽  
Emanuele Pallozzi ◽  
Corrado Leone ◽  
Michele Mattioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Vegetation ◽  
The Real

The Courtown Land Agents and Transnational Estate Management, 1850–1900

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Rachel Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Management Structure ◽  
Victorian Period ◽  
Estate Management

The nature of estate agencies across the four nations during the nineteenth century varied depending on the size and location of the estate, and the financial situation of the landlord. In short, just as estates were not homogenous, neither were the agencies that managed them. This chapter considers the management structure of a transnational estate during the second half of the nineteenth century, using the Courtown estate as a case study. It examines the roles of the agents, sub-agents and bailiffs employed on the estate during this period. It is hoped that the study will enable comparison with other estates within the four nations, leading to a deeper understanding of the role of the land agent during the Victorian period.

A Biographical Case Study of a Victimizer's Daughter's Strategy: Pseudo-Identification With the Victims of the Holocaust

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Rosenthal ◽  
Dan Bar-On
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
The Real ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Working Through ◽  
The Holocaust

Abstract Previous studies have shown that many children of former Nazi perpetrators either identify with their parents by denying their atrocities, by distancing them-selves emotionally from their parents, or by acknowledging their participation in the extermination process. Through a hermeneutical case study of the narrated life story of a Euthanasia physician's daughter, a type of strategy, which we defined as pseudo-identification with the victim, is reconstructed. The results of the analysis suggest that this is a repair strategy. Putting oneself in the role of one's parents' victim provides refuge from acknowledging possible identification with Nazism and its idols, as well as identifying oneself with the real victims of one's parents. In this case, the psychological consequences of this strategy are described: The woman still suffers from extermination anxieties which block further working through of the past. (Behavioral Sciences)

‘The Sword of Avenging Justice’: Politics in Sutherland after the Third Reform Act

Rural History ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNIE TINDLEY
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Life ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Third ◽  
General Decline ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThere has been much historical debate over the role of aristocratic landed families in local and national politics throughout the nineteenth century, and the impact of the First, Second and Third Reform Acts on that role. Additionally, the period from 1881 in the Scottish Highlands was one of acute political and ideological crisis, as the debate over the reform of the Land Laws took a violent turn, and Highland landowners were forced to address the demands of their small tenants. This article addresses these debates, taking as its case-study the ducal house of Sutherland. The Leveson-Gower family owned almost the whole county of Sutherland and until 1884 dominated political life in the region. This article examines the gradual breakdown of that political power, in line with a more general decline in financial and territorial influence, both in terms of the personal role of the Fourth and Fifth Dukes of Sutherland, and the broader impact of the estate management on the mechanics and expectations of politics in the county.

‘No learned rhetorical flourishes!’ Anti-rhetorical narration and metaphorical agency in Raabe’sCeltic Bones

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Elshout
Keyword(s):  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
The Real ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
Virtual Events ◽  
Narrative Function

As Monika Fludernik (2011) points out, creative metaphors receive less attention than conceptual metaphors in cognitive studies. The complex role of metaphor in literature and its narrative function needs to be further explored. Realistic novellas do not display a predilection towards elaborate creative metaphors. They contain other figures of speech and more conventional figurative forms such as symbols, allegories and similes – the latter to approximate an experience or perception. My hypothesis is, however, that in realistic texts metaphorical agency is often contained and instigated by virtual micronarratives (digression, memory, association, imagination and dream). How does metaphoricity relate to virtual parts of the storyworld? In order to investigate this question I use Wilhelm Raabe’s poetic realist novella Keltische Knochen ( Celtic Bones, published 1864) as a case study. Raabe’s travel account shows how virtual passages can receive and entail a metaphorical dimension. In Raabe’s novella the narrator witness claims that it does not manipulate reality by rhetorical tricks and metaphorical transformations, and therefore makes a clear distinction between the virtual and real parts of the storyworld. At the same time this distinction is undermined because the virtual events interfere with the real events and transform them into metaphorical sequences. The metaphorical sequences open up alternative segments of the storyworld that can be coined as paranarratives. The case study exposes the negotiability and the co-text dependence of literary metaphoricity and contributes to the exploration of the narrative potential of figurativeness in literary texts.

scholarly journals Reflexivity in Applying “Inspiration Economy” Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 160940691774915
Author(s):  
Dunya Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Buheji
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Knowledge Community ◽  
Core Study ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Reflexive Analysis ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
The Way

The overarching aim of this research is to extend and examine the way in which the inspiration economy (IE) can be applied in different contexts and countries, bearing in mind how social and cultural contexts influence the way in which research methods and fields are utilized. This is achieved through a reflexive analysis of a research study in the context of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The originality of the method focuses on the involvement of research groups in collecting and analyzing data with minimal resources and on the role of mentoring which gives group members greater ownership of the process and results/outcomes. This leads to the different researching teams building an internal drive to implement an IE case study, which was the core study of all the research studies. The study concludes with recommendations concerning the importance of involving research groups and of opening up a new path for the knowledge community. It also stresses the power of youth and research groups for the future of research in conducting and implementing research outcomes.

Capitalism as Nineteenth-Century Colonialism and Its Impacts on Native Californians

Ethnohistory ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte K. Sunseri
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The West ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article analyzes the impact of colonialism on nineteenth-century Native California communities, particularly during the American annexation of the West and capitalist ventures in mining and milling towns. Using the case study of Mono Lake Kutzadika Paiute employed by the Bodie and Benton Railroad and Lumber Company at Mono Mills, the lasting legacies of colonialism and its impacts on contemporary struggles for self-determination are explored. The study highlights the role of capitalism as a potent form of colonialism and its enduring effects on tribes’ ability to meet federal acknowledgment standards. This approach contributes to a richer understanding of colonial processes and their impacts on indigenous communities both historically and today.

The Season Novel, 1806–1824: A Nineteenth-Century Microgenre

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Anne H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Close Range

This essay examines a set of two dozen or so novels published between 1806 and 1824 that, taken together, constitute a microgenre or highly specific subgenre, the ‘season novel’. From A Winter in London (1806) to A Winter in Washington (1824), season novels depict fashionable life in a particular locale for a limited span of time. The essay uses these texts as a case study to examine the processes of generic creation and extinction at close range, looking at the interplay of imitation and variation that helps propel artistic creation, the role of reviewers, and circulating library data.

Vaderfiguren in de historiografische canon - De casus Jules Michelet

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Camille Creyghton
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Memory Culture ◽  
Scholarly Practice ◽  
Jules Michelet

This article explores the metaphor of the father in the professional memory culture of historians. It takes as a case study Jules Michelet, who is generally considered the father of French historiography, and it traces how, why, and by whom he was elevated to this status. The role of Gabriel Monod, one of the most prominent historians at the end of the nineteenth century, was crucial in the promotion of Michelet. Ernest Lavisse, the writer of historical textbooks, also adopted Michelet as a father of history. This is remarkable because Monod and Lavisse were both members of the so-called positivist generation of historians, which is deemed to have distanced itself from the romantic historiographical tradition of Michelet in favour of a rigorous scientific method. Hence other factors than a similarity in scholarly practice appear to have been decisive in the choice of Michelet as father of history.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Physical Education as a Subject for Compulsory Schooling in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Phokion Heinrich Clias and Adolf Spiess

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Rebekka Horlacher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Compulsory Schools

In general, schooling and nation-building are associated with the unifying role of language and history education, since language and culture are perceived as fundamental pillars of the nation. Less discussed—at least regarding the curriculum—is the role of physical education, even if physical education was a highly political issue in the first decades of the nineteenth century. Based on a case study of Switzerland and textbooks for physical education by Adolf Spiess and the activities of Phokion Heinrich Clias for the Bernese school, this article discusses how physical education, distinct from the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries’ care for the body, became a school subject of the nineteenth century compulsory schools and how it was related to the notion of nation and nation-building. It argues that physical education became first part of the “modern” philanthropic education and schooling, was soon taken for granted as an essential curricular component of nation-building and lost thereby the political threat.

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