scholarly journals Assessment of Soybean Resistance to Leaf-feeding Insect, Spodoptera litura

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Nuryati Nuryati ◽  
Mochammad Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Reference Plant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Army Worm

One of soybean problem in Indonesia is leaf damage caused by the Spodoptera litura. The aim of the study was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes againts army worm based on the preference index and morphophysiological characters. 150 soybean genotypes were grown under field condition from February to May 2018 in Malang (East Java, Indonesia). The preference test was conducted in the laboratory using G100H as resistant reference plant to armyworm. The result showed that the preference index was ranged from 0.09-1.82. A total of 105 genotypes showed a low preference index (resistant), 39 genotypes showed a high preference index (susceptible), and a genotype has similar preference index with the reference plant (has equal resistance with G100H). Based on the preference index and morphophysiological characters, 150 soybean genotypes can be grouped into eight clusters. A genotype from cluster VIII (Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41) has characteristics of low leaf water content, dense leaf trichomes, and the preference index of 0.14. Those characteristics could be the attributes of the soybean genotypes that is resistant to S. litura. The Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41 was recommended to be cultivated in Indonesian, or may be used as a gene source in the breeding program for S. litura resistance

Diverse sources of resistance to Spodoptera litura (F.) in groundnut

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01S) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Saleem ◽  
G. K. Naidu ◽  
H. L. Nadaf ◽  
P. S. Tippannavar
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Botanical Variety ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Botanical Varieties

Spodoptera litura an important insect pest of groundnut causes yield loss up to 71% in India. Though many effective chemicals are available to control Spodoptera, host plant resistance is the most desirable, economic and eco-friendly strategy. In the present study, groundnut mini core (184), recombinant inbred lines (318) and elite genotypes (44) were studied for their reaction to Spodoptera litura under hot spot location at Dharwad. Heritable component of variation existed for resistance to Spodoptera in groundnut mini core, recombinant inbred lines and elite genotypes indicating scope for selection of Spodoptera resistant genotypes. Only 29 (15%) genotypes belonging to hypogaea, fastigiata and hirsuta botanical varieties under mini core set, 15 transgressive segregants belonging to fastigiata botanical variety among 318 recombinant inbred lines and three genotypes belonging to hypogaea and fastigiata botanical varieties under elite genotypes showed resistance to Spodoptera litura with less than 10% leaf damage. Negative correlation existed between resistance to Spodoptera and days to 50 per cent flowering indicating late maturing nature of resistant genotypes. Eight resistant genotypes (ICG 862, ICG 928, ICG 76, ICG 2777, ICG 5016, ICG 12276, ICG 4412 and ICG 9905) under hypogaea botanical variety also had significantly higher pod yield. These diverse genotypes could serve as potential donors for incorporation of Spodoptera resistance in groundnut.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KONSENTRASI BIOINSEKTISIDA DAUN DAN BIJI MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP KEMATIAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Ajiningrum ◽  
I. A. K. Pramushinta
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Variant Analysis ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Army Worm

Red spinach (Alternanthera amoena) is one of the vegetable commodities that many people in demand for consumption because of its high nutritional content. Efforts to increase the production of red spinach often experience various obstacles. The main obstacle that limits the productivity of red spinach in the tropics is the number of Plant Disturbing Organisms  in the form of pests and potential diseases that can attack and decrease the production of spinach. One of the pests that often attack spinach is the existence of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.). Therefore, farmers need a way to eradicate the pest. This research is experimental using Random Complete Group. The data obtained were analyzed with variant analysis (ANOVA) in one direction and continued with LSD (Least Significant Different) test. Provision of botanical insecticide done by spraying the extract of leaves and seeds mimba with concentration dose 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba leaf extract obtained significant value of 76.263 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is influence of mimba leaf extract on mortality of army worm. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba seed extract obtained significant value of 78.625 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is an effect of mimba seeds extract on mortality army worm.   Keywords: mimba leaf extract,  mimba seed extract, red spinach (Alternanthera amoena), army worm (Spodoptera litura F.), botanical insecticide

scholarly journals Dispersal of the Common Cutworm, Spodoptera litura, Monitored by Searchlight Trap and Relationship with Occurrence of Soybean Leaf Damage

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Akira Otuka ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
Makoto Tokuda
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cutworm ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Soybean Leaf ◽  
The Common

The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of soybean. Pheromone traps are used to monitor male adults, but the catch peaks do not always predict leaf damage in soybean fields. Thus, there is no accurate means of forecasting soybean damage, and insecticide is applied on the basis of farmers’ observations of actual damage in fields. To understand the occurrence of soybean leaf damage, the dispersal of S. litura in a soybean field in southwestern Japan was preliminarily investigated using a searchlight trap in comparison to a pheromone trap at one location, from August to mid-October in 2016–2018. To determine the relationship between pest arrival and crop damage, trap catch numbers and the number of soybean leaves damaged by 1st-instar larvae were examined by separately comparing raw numbers and cumulative numbers. The raw catch numbers of the two trap types in August and September 2016 and 2018 preceded subsequent damage peaks by an average of 5.3 days. This temporal difference coincided with the estimated duration of the egg stage plus an assumed mating period. Furthermore, the cumulative catch numbers of the two traps in August and September were linearly associated with cumulative damaged leaves in the same period in each year and in the three-year period. The coefficient of determination (R2) of linear regression between the cumulative catch numbers of the searchlight trap and the cumulative damaged leaves for the three-year period was much higher than that between the cumulative catch of the pheromone trap and cumulative damage. This suggests that soybean leaf damage is closely linked to the number of S. litura arrivals at the survey site. Thus, the searchlight trap captured S. litura arrivals better than the pheromone trap. As the linear regression function of the cumulative catch of the searchlight trap for the three-year period was tentatively correlated with a prefectural economic injury level for soybean fields, it might be feasible to predict S. litura-induced soybean damage using searchlight traps. The cumulative female catch number of the searchlight trap was also linearly associated with damaged leaves, but the coefficient of determination was generally lower than that with the cumulative total catch. The female ratio of searchlight trap catches in September was <0.5 in contrast to S. litura migrating overseas (>0.5). The advantages and disadvantages of the two trapping methods, as well as necessary further studies are discussed. Our findings provide a foundation for S. litura monitoring with searchlight traps.

scholarly journals Identification of Soybean Resistance to Pod Sucking Bug (Riptortus linearis) by No-Choice Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu ◽  
Moch. Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Seed Plant ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant

<p>Soybean pod damaged by pod sucking bug (<em>Riptortus linearis</em>) is one of the constraint within soybean yield improvement in Indonesia. The research aimed was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to pod sucking pest. The experiment was conducted in Iletri’s screen house from March to June 2015. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design using 10 soybean genotypes with three replicates. The soybean resistance was evaluated using no-choice test. Data collected on number of pod/plant, number of seed/plant, seed weight per plant, number of attacked pod/plant, and number of attacked seed/plant. The result showed that the lowest percentage both of pod and seed damage was G511H/Anjasmoro//Anjasmoro-2-8, that was 25.83 % and 19.12 %, respectively. Based on the value of the percentage of seed damage, there were five susceptible genotypes, three moderately resistant, and two resistant genotypes. Based on the value of the percentage of pod damage, showed four susceptible genotypes, five moderately resistant, and a resistant genotype. G511H/Anjasmoro//Anjasmoro-2-8 was the only resistant genotype, and it could be used as a genetic source in the improvement of soybean resistance to pod sucking bug.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Krisnawati, A., Bayu, M. S. Y. I. &amp; Adie, M. M. (2016). Identification of Soybean Resistance to Pod Sucking Bug (<em>Riptortus linearis</em>) by No-Choice Test. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(3), 407-414. </p>

scholarly journals Identifikasi Sumber Ketahanan Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Kedelai untuk Ulat Grayak Spodoptera litura F.

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suharsono Suharsono ◽  
M. Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Common Cutworm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Biological Aspects

<p>The important<br />aspect of development of resistant plant to insect pest is source<br />of resistance. Study the resistance of 14 advance soybean<br />breeding lines to common cutworm Spodoptera litura F. was<br />conducted at the Laboratory of Crop Protection, Indonesian<br />Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI)<br />Malang in February-September, 2006. Leaf damage and larval<br />development on resistant genotypes was recorded to measure<br />the level of resistance. It was found that the susceptibility of<br />soybeans to the common cutworm significantly varied among<br />the breeding lines. The leaf damage of IAC-100, IAC 80-596-<br />2, and W/80-2-4-20 from larval feeding were 17.67, 18.52, and<br />23.70% respectively lower than Wilis variety with 35.57% of<br />leaf damage. These breeding lines consistently possess same<br />level of resistance to S. litura. In addition, the resistant<br />breeding lines affect on biological aspects i.e. prolonged<br />duration of larval stage, reduced larval and pupae gain weight,<br />and cause significant larval mortality compared with Wilis<br />variety. The study suggested that IAC-100, IAC 80-596-2, and<br />W/80-2-4-20 could be used as a source of resistance for S.<br />litura in breeding program.</p>

scholarly journals The use of detached leaf inoculation for selecting Cercospora kikuchii resistance in soybean genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kashiwa ◽  
Miguel Angel Lavilla ◽  
Antonio Diaz Paleo ◽  
Antonio Juan Gerardo Ivancovich ◽  
Naoki Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) causes extensive losses in soybean production in worldwide, including major soybean producing countries such as Argentina. C. kikuchii, C. cf. sigesbeckiae, C. cf. flagellaris, and C. cf. nicotianae are identified as pathogen of CLB. Soybean resistance for CLB is still unknown. Also, chemical control for CLB is losing effectiveness by fungicide resistance of the pathogen, such as C. kikuchii. We urgently need to breed a CLB resistant cultivar. Unfortunately, efficient methods for the screening of a resistant soybean genotype have not yet been established. In this study, we designed new, high-throughput inoculation method for identifying resistance against one of the CLB pathogen, C. kikuchii. We used liquid-cultured mycelia of the pathogen C. kikuchii on detached soybean leaves. Lesions on soybean leaflets appeared nine days post inoculation by this method. We used this method to select four C. kikuchii resistant genotypes from 80 genotypes in the World Soybean Core Collection. High-throughput screening method developed in this study can contribute to the research about C. kikuchii resistance by facilitating identification of resistant varieties.

scholarly journals APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA NABATI BERBAHAN TANAMAN RAWA UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA KEDELAI ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura) DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT

AgriPeat ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Syaiful Asikin ◽  
Melhanah Melhanah ◽  
Yuni Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Randomized Block Design

One type of pest that often attacks soybean plant leaves in tidal swamplands is the armyworm pest. The intensity of leaf damage due to armyworm attack in tidal swamps ranges from 30-95%, and can even lead to crop failure. In controlling pests in soybean plants in general, always rely on chemical insecticides. The use of these chemical insecticides has a negative impact on the environment. To overcome this, the control is directed towards environmentally friendly pest control by utilizing swamp plants as a botanical insecticide. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatments of swamp plant extracts (galam, kirinyuh, kepayang) and 3 controls, namely without control, botanical insecticide made from neem, chemical insecticide with the active ingredient kloraniliprol. The aim of this study was to obtain a swamp plant extract that could be used in controlling armyworm pests (Spodoptera litura). The results showed that the three types of swamp plants could be used as botanical insecticides in controlling armyworm pests, and has an effectiveness value above 70%. The highest effectiveness of botanical insecticides was obtained at the age of 75 DAP, namely Galam (78.29%), Kirinyuh (78.86%) and Kepayang (78.85%).

scholarly journals Technique to Screen Peanuts for Resistance to the Tobacco Armyworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under No-Choice Cage Conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Sharma ◽  
G. Pampapathy ◽  
R. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Abstract Peanut is an important oilseed crop in the semi-arid tropics. It is damaged by several insect species, of which tobacco armyworm, Spodoptera litura F., is one of the most damaging pests in South and Southeast Asia. Because of uncertainty of S. litura infestations under field conditions, we standardized a no-choice cage technique to screen germplasm and breeding material for resistance to this insect. The test plants were infested with different densities of first- and third-instar larvae at 15 d after seedling emergence. Maximum differences in leaf damage rating and percentage loss in plant biomass at 7 d after infestation between JL 24 and ICGV 86031 were observed when the plants were infested with 10 first-instar larvae per plant. When the plants were infested with third-instar larvae, damage evaluation at 48 hr after infestation showed the maximum differences between JL 24 and ICGV 86031. Larval weight was significantly lower on ICGV 86031 as compared to JL 24 at 10,15, and 20 larvae per plant. At 10 larvae per plant, ICGV 86031, GP-NC 343, and TMV 2 suffered less damage than JL 24. Larval weights in general were lower on FDRS 10 (except at 20 larvae per plant) and ICGV 86031 than on JL 24. Leaf damage rating was significantly and positively correlated with larval weight and loss in plant biomass. Fifteen-d-old peanut seedlings infested with 10 first- or third-instar larvae can be used to evaluate peanut germplasm and segregating breeding material for resistance to leaf defoliators such as S. litura.

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