NATRIURETIC ACTIVITY OF 16α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE IN MAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Adrenocortical Insufficiency ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Normal Human

ABSTRACT The effect of 16α-hydroxyprogesterone on sodium, chloride and potassium balance was studied in four »normal« human subjects and one patient with hypopituitary adrenocortical insufficiency on a metabolic ward. Each subject was maintained on a constant intake of sodium, chloride, and potassium, and the daily 24-hour urinary excretion of these electrolytes and creatinine was measured, together with serial determinations of the corresponding serum concentrations. In three of the »normal« subjects, the administration of 16α-hydroxyprogesterone induced a saluresis, unaccompanied by a significant change in the potassium balance or endogenous creatinine clearance. A similar effect was observed in the patient with adrenocortical insufficiency, who was treated concomitantly with large dosages of deoxycorticosterone. One apparently »normal« subject, whose glomerular filtration rate was abnormally low, failed to respond to the administration of the steroid. These results indicate that 16α-hydroxyprogesterone is capable of exerting a natriuretic and chloruretic effect, similar to that observed with spironolactone and certain other endogenous adrenal steroids.

Cystatin C provides a better estimate of the effect of glomerular filtration rate on serum human epididymis protein 4 concentrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Ferraro ◽  
Sara Pasqualetti ◽  
Assunta Carnevale ◽  
Mauro Panteghini
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Glomerular Function ◽  
Human Epididymis Protein 4 ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Human Epididymis

AbstractBackground:We evaluated the effect of kidney glomerular function on serum concentrations of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) using creatinine (Cr), cystatin C (CysC) and related chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations.Methods:We enrolled 101 women aged ≤56 years with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (estimated by CKD-EPI eGFRResults:A statistically significant increase in HE4 median concentrations was detected in subjects with an eGFRConclusions:Our study shows that a better estimate of the effect of GFR on serum HE4 is obtained by measuring CysC in serum or using CKD-EPI eGFR

γ-l-Glutamyl-l-Dopa is a Dopamine Pro-Drug, Relatively Specific for the Kidney in Normal Subjects

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Worth ◽  
J. N. Harvey ◽  
J. Brown ◽  
M. R. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Systemic Effects

1. γ-l-Glutamyl-l-dopa was given by intravenous infusion to eight normal subjects at doses of 12.5 and 100 μg min−1 kg−1. 2. Both doses of the dipeptide resulted in an increase in mean urinary sodium excretion. 3. Mean effective renal plasma flow rose at both doses, but mean glomerular filtration rate increased only at the lower dose. 4. There was a fall in mean plasma renin activity after the infusion of both 12.5 and 100 μg min−1kg−1. 5. Mean urine free dopamine excretion increased by 280- and 2500-fold at infusion rates of 12.5 and 100 μg min−1 kg−1 respectively. 6. Mean plasma free dopamine rose at both doses but the increase at 12.5 μg min−1 kg−1 was not to a level previously associated with systemic effects of the catecholamine. 7. On administration of the dipeptide at 12.5 μg min−1 kg−1 there were no changes in blood pressure or heart rate, but at the higher dose there was a fall in diastolic blood pressure. 8. At a dose of 12.5 μg min−1 kg−1 in man, there is kidney specific conversion of gludopa to dopamine.

scholarly journals Cystatin C Serum Concentrations Underestimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Renal Transplant Recipients

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1866-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arend Bökenkamp ◽  
Michael Domanetzki ◽  
Raymund Zinck ◽  
Gerhard Schumann ◽  
Dennis Byrd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Transplant Recipients

Platelet catecholamines and platelet function in normal human subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Wilson ◽  
C. C. T. Smith ◽  
B. N. C. Prichard ◽  
D. J. Betteridge
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Function ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Noradrenaline Content ◽  
Collagen Concentration ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
Local Release

1. We have used high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection to measure plasma and platelet catecholamines in 24 normal subjects. 2. In the same subjects platelet function was assessed by measuring platelet aggregation in response to adenosine 5′-pyrophosphate, thrombin, adrenaline and collagen. Platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin was also examined. 3. Platelet noradrenaline showed a positive correlation with extent of aggregation induced by ‘low-dose’ collagen (1 μg/ml). No correlation was seen at the higher collagen concentration. 4. Platelet noradrenaline content also correlated with sensitivity of platelets to prostacyclin. High platelet noradrenaline concentrations appeared to result in decreased sensitivity to prostacyclin. 5. No other correlations were observed. 6. These data suggest that platelet noradrenaline rather than plasma levels may be involved in modifying platelet function in vivo. Local release of platelet catecholamines may affect the platelet/vessel wall interaction, the primary physiological step in platelet activation.

Catechol O-Methyltransferase in Red Blood Cells of Schizophrenic, Depressed, and Normal Human Subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L. White ◽  
Malcolm N. McLeod ◽  
Jonathan R. T. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Isoelectric Ph

SummaryCatechol O-methyltransferase of lysed human red blood cells was assayed under optimal conditions, using saturating concentrations of the substrates, S-adenosyl-L-methionine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The mean enzyme activity found in 24 normal subjects was 29.2 nmol/hr/ml RBC. The mean activity in blood of 33 female unipolar depressives was not significantly different from normal. However, higher enzyme activities were observed in the blood of 11 schizophrenic patients (38.9 nmol/hr/ml RBC). Partially purified enzyme preparations from blood of normal and schizophrenic individuals were indistinguishable with respect to substrate specificities, isoelectric pH values, and ratios of the two O-methylated products. Therefore it is unlikely that any defect in O-methylation which may occur in schizophrenia can be attributed to a change in the intrinsic properties of erythrocyte catechol O-methyltransferase.

MAXIMUM TUBULAR REABSORPTION CAPACITY OF GLUCOSE IN DIABETES MELLITUS

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vitelli ◽  
C. Cattaneo ◽  
P. F. Martini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and maximum tubular reabsorption of glucose (TmG) were measured in 24 cases of diabetes mellitus. The patients, who were of different ages, varied with regard to the severity and duration of the disease and 11 patients showed clinical and functional evidence of vascular disease. The GFR and TmG were diminished in almost 50 per cent of cases, and the diminution of the two factors was closely correlated. The incidence of these renal functional changes was almost the same in the group of diabetics with vascular disease as in the group without complications. The GFR and TmG were not correlated with the age of the patients or with the severity of diabetes, though these factors were to some extent correlated with the duration of the disease. No relationship was observed between the incidence of impairment of the renal function and sex. The examinations carried out in this series of cases as well as in a number of normal subjects suggest various considerations with regard to the value of the various techniques which have been proposed for the measurement of the TmG.

Haemodynamic and Endocrine Responses of the Kidney to Frusemide in Mild Essential Hypertension

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Mackay ◽  
K. Nath ◽  
A. D. Cumming ◽  
A. L. Muir ◽  
M. L. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Induced Changes

1. Prostaglandin-dependent, frusemide-induced changes in renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate and plasma renin activity were measured in 14 patients with mild essential hypertension. 2. The renal haemodynamic responses to frusemide were the same as in 10 normal subjects. 3. Frusemide-induced changes in urinary PGE and kallikrein excretion were also the same as in normal subjects. 4. Impaired renal release of vasodilator prostaglandins in essential hypertension is likely to be secondary to the hypertension rather than an underlying factor in its development.

A Study of Relations between the Absorption of Amino Acids, Dipeptides, Water and Electrolytes in the Normal Human Jejunum

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. A. Silk ◽  
P. D. Fairclough ◽  
Nicola J. Park ◽  
Annette E. Lane ◽  
Joan P. W. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Electrolyte Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Osmotic Solution ◽  
Normal Human

1. A double-lumen perfusion technique was used to study the effect of a wide range of concentrations of the dipeptide glycyl-l-alanine and its constituent amino acids on water and electrolyte absorption from iso-osmotic solutions in the upper jejunum of normal human subjects. 2. There was no significant absorption of water and electrolytes from sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l) but the presence of the dipeptide or its constituent amino acids stimulated water and electrolyte absorption. 3. Water absorption reached a peak at increasing amino acid and dipeptide concentrations and then tailed off. Our data suggest that the tailing off is not solely due to the diminished sodium content of the solutions. 4. During perfusion of the dipeptide-sodium chloride and amino acid-sodium chloride solutions solute and water were absorbed as an iso-osmotic solution. Analysis of the results indicates that this could occur at high dipeptide concentrations only if the majority of the dipeptide enters the cell intact.

Lithium and erythrocyte membrane cation carrier studies in normal and manic depressive subjects

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Naylor ◽  
A. Smith ◽  
L. J. Boardman ◽  
D. A. T. Dick ◽  
E. G. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Potassium Influx ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

synopsisChanges in the erythrocyte membrane cation carrier following lithium ingestion in normal human subjects were studied; ouabain sensitive potassium influx fell significantly during the lithium treated phase. Lithium was fed to rats and no change in erythrocyte Na-K ATPase was shown. These findings contrast with studies of lithium in manic depressive psychosis. The fluctuations in the erythrocyte membrane cation carrier were studied in 5 normal subjects over 12 weeks and the correlations between the parameters calculated. The erythrocyte sodium concentration correlated positively with the ouabain sensitive potassium influx. This too contrasts with findings in manic depressive psychosis.

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