HAPTEN-RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF PLASMA OESTRADIOL

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Assay Precision ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

ABSTRACT A hapten-radioimmunoassay for plasma oestradiol is described and information about the reliability of the method is given in detail. Oestradiol-3-hemisuccinate coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin is used for immunization of rabbits. The antiserum utilized for the assay is characterized by its titer, affinity and specificity. Following ether extraction and NaOH-light petroleum partition oestradiol is separated from crossreacting oestrogens by TLC. Oxidation of oestradiol on the plate is prevented by mercaptoethanol. To separate free and antibody bound ligand 250 μg dextran-coated charcoal per tube is used in the presence of bovine serum gammaglobulin (1 mg/ml). The between-assay precision based on 15 different determinations of control samples from normal adult male plasma was 9.4% (C. V.). The mean reagent blank value of 31 determinations was equivalent to 0.3 pg oestradiol and the detection limit in terms of the 99% confidence limit for a single blank value, was equivalent to 4.3 pg oestradiol. A procedure for detecting plasma blanks is described. Plasma oestradiol is separated from approximately all concomitant substances originally present in the sample by enzymatic conversion into oestrone and a second TLC. No plasma blanks could be detected with respect to normal adult male plasma. Normal values for adult males based on 51 subjects were characterized by a median of 17.2 pg/ml and the 95 percentiles of 9.5–27.6.

SPECIFIC RADIOIMMUNOLOGICAL DETERMINATION WITHOUT CHROMATOGRAPHY OF PLASMA OESTRADIOL IN MALES

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Doerr ◽  
R. Goebel ◽  
E. Kuss
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Tracer Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radioimmunological Determination ◽  
Assay Precision ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

ABSTRACT A hapten-radioimmunoassay of plasma oestradiol consisting of an extraction procedure and a final assay using a highly specific antiserum to oestradiol (obtained by immunization of rabbits with oestradiol-6-carboxymethoxime-BSA) was compaired with a similar procedure including a TLC step the specificity of which and other reliability criteria were already established. The plasma oestradiol from 24 normal adult males analysed by both methods showed a fairly close agreement (y = 0.97 x). Pooled normal male plasma analysed in the same way did not reveal any difference: 20.5 ± 0.34 vs. 20.5 ± 0.44 (x̄ ± sem reference method vs. method without TLC). The between-assay-precision of the method without TLC was 10.9% (C. V.), the mean blank 0.8 pg, the sensitivity in terms of 99 % confidence limit of the reagent blank 7.8 pg and the overall tracer recovery 73 %.

SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION IN THE PHASE OF THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF [35S]METHIONINE INCORPORATION INTO CEREBRAL PROTEINS, AND OF SERUM GONADOTROPHIN LEVELS

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. ter HAAR ◽  
P. C. B. MacKINNON ◽  
M. G. BULMER
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
The Brain

SUMMARY The incorporation of [35S]methionine into protein in various regions of the brain and in the anterior pituitary, and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured at 6 h intervals throughout a 24 h period in the following groups of Wistar rats: (1) normal adult males and females; (2) adult genetic males or females which had been respectively 'feminized' or 'masculinized' by androgen deprivation or administration in neonatal life. Similar measurements were made at 12 h intervals in adult male rats which had been castrated at 7 or 15 days of age. Serum LH levels showed a circadian rhythmicity in normal adult animals of both sexes, with peak levels in the male occurring 6 h earlier than those in the female. There was no statistically significant circadian rhythm in FSH levels in any group of animals. In all groups of castrated animals LH and FSH levels were raised but no circadian rhythms were observed. Incorporation of [35S]methionine into protein in all cerebral areas showed circadian rhythms, the peak values of which, in the adult males, were almost 8 h (120°) out of phase with those of the adult females. In the 'feminized' genetic males or 'masculinized' genetic females the rhythmic phase was reversed to that of the opposite genetic sex. Animals castrated at 7 days or 15 days of age did not appear to show a rhythm. A 12 h rhythm of incorporation was apparent in the anterior pituitary of the normal adult male and the adult 'masculinized' female; no significant rhythm was seen in the normal adult female and the 'feminized' male. It is suggested that a 'female type' rhythm of incorporation in the brain may be associated with the maintenance of oestrous cycles.

Observations of aggregating behaviour in adult male polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1390-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Derocher ◽  
Ian Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Ursus Maritimus ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Competition For Resources ◽  
Solitary Species

Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are usually considered a solitary species, but between 50 and 60% of the adult male polar bears captured on land during the ice-free period in western Hudson Bay were sighted in aggregations with a mean size of 4 and a range of 2–14 individuals. The mean weight of aggregating adult males was significantly greater (approximately 60 kg) than the mean weight of nonaggregating adult males, but there were no significant differences in the mean age. Aggregations occurred throughout the ice-free period (August–October) and were most common at prominent points along the coast or nearby islands. Some locations were used over several years. The lack of competition for food and the absence of breeding activity during the ice-free period produce conditions that may facilitate aggregating. Familiarity with conspecifics may yield benefits by reducing the severity and frequency of competition for resources on the sea ice.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF OESTRONE IN PLASMA

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Specific Antiserum ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Sample Purification

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for oestrone (Oe1) in plasma was developed using an ether extraction, a partition between NaOH and light petroleum, and a TLC as sample purification and an antiserum cross-reacting with Oe2 for the final assay (Method A1). The reliability criteria are given in detail. In order to simplify this method a highly specific antiserum was developed by using Oe1-3-hemisuccinate-BSA as an antigen. Using this antiserum for the final assay but omitting the TLC (Method B) the Oe1 concentration in male plasma was 76 % overestimated (Method B compared with Method A1). In pregnancy plasma Oe1 could specifically be determined after a simple ether extraction (Method C). It was concluded that the use of a highly specific antiserum (as determined by cross-reaction studies) for the final assay does not necessarily imply that a chromatographic sample purification can be omitted without loss in assay specificity. This appears to be true mainly in cases where the steroid concentration of the sample is low. Normal values of Oe1 from 80 healthy adult males were ascertained by Method A1. Age group I (22–61 years, n = 48) ranged from 1.22–5.60 ng/100 ml, median 2.81; age group II (67–90 years, n = 32) from 1.55–6.40, median 3.41. The small increase of Oe1 with age was highly significant.

Inter- and Intrasubject Variation of Digoxin Renal Clearance in Normal Adult Males

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Tabular Data ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Variance

Three methods of estimating inter- and intrasubject variances and coefficients of variation of digoxin renal clearance are discussed and illustrated. All three methods gave essentially the same values for intrasubject variation; two of the methods (II and III), based on two-factor and one-factor analyses of variance, respectively, gave the same estimates of intersubject variation. The preferred method I involves directly calculating variances from the rows and columns of the tabular data, where the rows are repetitive treatments in the same subject and the mean variance represents intrasubject variance; a column represents different subjects' results on a given treatment and the mean of the column variances represents intersubject variance. Problems in attempting to use components of variance are discussed. Intrasubject coefficients of variation of digoxin renal clearance averaged 23.8 percent by method I and ranged from 15.2 to 28.6 percent. Intersubject coefficients of variation averaged 30.5 percent with a range of 17.5–41.8 percent by method I and averaged 42.1 percent with a range of 19.2–49.7 percent by methods II and III.

REGULATION OF PLASMA OESTROGENS IN NORMAL ADULT MALES

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr ◽  
Karl M. Pirke
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adrenal Hormone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

ABSTRACT The response of plasma oestradiol (Oe2), oestrone (Oe1), testosterone (T) and cortisol to dexamethasone and ACTH administration in normal adult males was ascertained. After an oral dose of 1.5 mg dexamethasone Oe1 decreased from 2.51 to 1.85 ng/100 ml (74 % of the control level, mean of 15 subjects) over night and after continuing the dexamethasone administration for two more days (twice daily 1.5 mg) Oe1 decreased to 1.30 ng/100 ml (52 %). Oe2 (control level 1.71 ng/100 ml) and T (678 ng/100 ml) did not change over night, but at the end of the test Oe2 decreased to 84 % and T to 91 % of the control level. After a single im injection of 2 mg β 1–24 cortrophin Oe1 increased 1.9 times (mean of 13 subjects) without further increase during two more days of treatment (twice daily 1 mg), while Oe2 did not change over night and decreased to 75 % of the control level at the end of the test. Under ACTH T decreased to 66% of the control level over night and to 50% at the end of the test indicating a suppression of the testicular hormone secretion. From these results and those reported previously it was concluded that the testicular hormone secretion influences mainly Oe2 in peripheral plasma, while Oe1 depends mainly on the adrenal hormone secretion.

REGULATION OF PLASMA OESTROGENS IN NORMAL ADULT MALES

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr ◽  
Karl M. Pirke
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The response of plasma oestradiol (Oe2), oestrone (Oe1) and testosterone (T) to stimulation of the Leydig cells with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and to suppression with a synthetic androgen was ascertained in normal adult males. Three days after daily im injections with 5000 IU HCG, Oe2 increased from 1.93 to 5.66 ng/100 ml (mean of 12 subjects), Oe1 from 2.76 to 4.99 ng/100 ml, and T from 547 to 990 ng/100 ml. Thus, Oe2 increased on the average 3.07 times, Oe1 1.90 times, and T 1.86 times. Four days after oral administration of daily 40 mg fluoxymesterone (9α-fluoro-11β-hydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone), T decreased from 521 to 99.8 ng/100 ml (19.3 % of the control level, mean of 12 subjects), Oe2 from 1.93 to 0.66 ng/100 ml (34.9 % of the control level), and Oe1 from 3.14 to 2.23 ng/100 ml (72.5 % of the control level). Highly significant correlations were found between the pre-stimulation levels of Oe2 and Oe1, between the increments of Oe2 and Oe1 and of Oe2 and T after HCG stimulation.

Characterization of Tamm-Horsfall Urinary Glycoprotein

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
John P. Robinson ◽  
J. David Puett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm ◽  
Urinary Glycoprotein

Much work has been reported on the chemical, physical and morphological properties of urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THG). Although it was once reported that cystic fibrotic (CF) individuals had a defective THG, more recent data indicate that THG and CF-THG are similar if not identical.No studies on the conformational aspects have been reported on this glycoprotein using circular dichroism (CD). We examined the secondary structure of THG and derivatives under various conditions and have correlated these results with quaternary structure using electron microscopy.THG was prepared from normal adult males and CF-THG from a 16-year old CF female by the method of Tamm and Horsfall. CF female by the method of Tamm and Horsfall.

Age does not necessarily influence latency of event-related potentials

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
M. Westermann ◽  
I. W. Husstedt ◽  
A. Okegwo ◽  
S. Evers
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
P3 Component

SummaryEvent-related potentials (ERP) are regarded as age dependent. However, it is not known whether this is an intrinsic property of ERP or an extrinsic factor. We designed a setting in which ERP were evoked using a modified oddball paradigm with highly differentiable and detectable target and non-target stimuli. A total of 98 probands were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the latency and amplitude of the P3 component of visually evoked ERP. The mean P3 latency was 294 ± 28 ms and was not related to age (r = –0.089; p = 0.382; Spearman-rank-correlation). The P3 amplitude was related to age in the total sample (r = –0.323; p = 0.001; Spearmanrank-correlation) but not in the probands under the age of 60 years. There were no significant differences regarding sex. Our findings suggest that ERP are not age dependent if highly differentiable and detectable stimuli are used. This should be considered when normal values of ERP are created for clinical use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document