scholarly journals Cut-off limits of the GH response to GHRH plus arginine test and IGF-I levels for the diagnosis of GH deficiency in late adolescents and young adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginevra Corneli ◽  
Carolina Di Somma ◽  
Flavia Prodam ◽  
Jaele Bellone ◽  
Simonetta Bellone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Igf I

ObjectiveTo define the appropriate diagnostic cut-off limits for the GH response to GHRH+arginine (ARG) test and IGF-I levels, using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, in late adolescents and young adults.Design and methodsWe studied 152 patients with childhood-onset organic hypothalamic–pituitary disease (85 males, age (mean±s.e.m.): 19.2±0.2 years) and 201 normal adolescents as controls (96 males, age: 20.7±0.2 years). Patients were divided into three subgroups on the basis of the number of the other pituitary hormone deficits, excluding GH deficiency (GHD): subgroup A consisted of 35 panhypopituitary patients (17 males, age: 21.2±0.4 years), subgroup B consisted of 18 patients with only one or with no more than two pituitary hormone deficits (7 males, age: 20.2±0.9 years); and subgroup C consisted of 99 patients without any known hormonal pituitary deficits (60 males, age: 18.2±0.2 years). Both patients and controls were lean (body mass index, BMI<25 kg/m2). Patients in subgroup A were assumed to be GHD, whereas in patients belonging to subgroups B and C the presence of GHD had to be verified.ResultsFor the GHRH+ARG test, the best pair of highest sensitivity (Se; 100%) and specificity (Sp; 97%) was found choosing a peak GH of 19.0 μg/l. For IGF-I levels, the best pair of highest Se (96.6%) and Sp (74.6%) was found using a cut-off point of 160 μg/l (SDS: −1.3). Assuming 19.0 μg/l to be the cut-off point established for GHRH+ARG test, 72.2% of patients in subgroup B and 39.4% in subgroup C were defined as GHD. In patients belonging to group B and C and with a peak GH response <19 μg/l to the test, IGF-I levels were lower than 160 μg/l (or less than 1.3 SDS) in 68.7 and 41.6% of patients respectively predicting severe GHD in 85.7% of panhypopituitary patients (subgroup A).ConclusionsIn late adolescent and early adulthood patients, a GH cut-off limit using the GHRH+ARG test lower than 19.0 μg/l is able to discriminate patients with a suspicion of GHD and does not vary from infancy to early adulthood.

Profiles of Citizenship Orientations Among Youth

Young ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110330882110086
Author(s):  
Iana Tzankova ◽  
Gabriele Prati ◽  
Elvira Cicognani
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Citizenship Orientations

Prior studies revealed that low levels of youth political activity are not necessarily indicative of complete disengagement from societal affairs but could be accompanied by interest and latent involvement stemming from a standby or monitorial attitude. However, no prior study has investigated patterns of citizenship orientations including both manifest and latent engagement defined by one’s position towards institutional politics, according to different forms of participation. A questionnaire was filled out by 1,732 late adolescents and young adults in Italy (15–30 years old, M = 19.73, 60.7% female). Cluster analysis identified six profiles of citizenship orientations across different types of participatory activities (political, activist, political online and civic): active trustful, active distrustful, standby trustful, standby distrustful, unengaged trustful and unengaged distrustful. The results showed that each level of engagement—active, standby and unengaged—could be further differentiated between trustful and distrustful based on their attitude towards institutions and the electoral process.

scholarly journals Research on Stress Among the Engineering College Students in Coimbatore, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Significant Public Health

The students are generally affected by stress especially in professional courses like medical, engineering are affected by higher stress, this leads to psychological problems such as high amount of depression, nervousness, cardiac problems etc.,. Mental health among the students indicates growing concern along with opportunity, because of the large number of people who could be reached during an important period of life. College premises, by their scholarly nature, are also well positioned to develop, evaluate, and disseminate best practices. In short, colleges offer a unique opportunity to address one of the most significant public health problems among late adolescents and young adults. Busy schedules crammed with curricular, co-curricular and extracurricular activities can affect the student’s physical and mental health, especially on delayed eating and improper and less sleeping. These stressors can compound over time, leading to even greater levels of stress. College premises, by their scholarly nature, are also well positioned to develop, evaluate, and disseminate best practices. In short, colleges offer a unique opportunity to address one of the most significant public health problems among late adolescents and young adults. This study aims to analyse the stress among the engineering students from sample survey. A quantitative method was used in gathering and analysing the data by distributing questionnaires to the students. The results obtained were analysed for different factors that cause stress among students

The Meaning of Grandparents as Viewed by Adolescent Grandchildren: An Empirical Study in Belgium

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Van Ranst ◽  
Karine Verschueren ◽  
Alfons Marcoen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Leading Question

Why do adolescents value their grandparents? This was the leading question of an investigation among 563 adolescents and young adults in Flanders (Belgium). The Grandparent Meaning Scale which probes eleven a priori dimensions of meaning, was completed by 147 early adolescents ( M = 12.5 years), 175 middle adolescents ( M = 15.7 years), and 241 late adolescents ( M = 18.9 years). Results show that adolescents generally find their grandparents important and feel close to them. Grandparents are valued primarily because they provide affection, reassurance of worth, and reliable alliance. Relational-affective and caregiving meanings were assigned more often to grandmothers whereas advising, teaching, and narrative roles were ascribed more frequently to grandfathers. Maternal grandparents were generally perceived as more important and closer than paternal grandparents. Early adolescents assigned more importance and meaning to their grandparents than middle and late adolescents. There were no differences between grandsons and granddaughters.

scholarly journals The Prominence of Peer Interactions, Relationships, and Networks in Adolescence and Early Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Veenstra ◽  
Lydia Laninga-Wijnen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Psychosocial Maladjustment ◽  
Friendship Selection

Peer relationships are prominent when children move into adolescence. Peer research has been motivated by an interest in understanding where peer interactions and relationships come from and how these experiences affect multiple aspects of positive and negative development. Peer research continues to provide insight in how adolescents strive for status and affection, how adolescents are connected to their peers, and how peers influence and select each other. Recent advances show the importance of considering variations between contexts (such as classrooms) in these peer processes. Selection and influence processes vary strongly between classrooms, and in particular popular peers set a norm for what behaviors are important for friendship selection and influence processes. Moreover, some contexts may elicit exacerbated social comparison processes, which may explain why certain individuals have academic or psychosocial maladjustment in some contexts but not in others. The avenues for further research offer researchers several opportunities to diversify and expand into new areas of inquiry among adolescents and young adults.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral therapy outcomes among adolescents and young adults in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Patrick Mburugu ◽  
Peter Muiruri ◽  
Nelly Opiyo ◽  
Justus Simba ◽  
Jane Adunda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Virologic Suppression ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background: Limited data is available on the treatment outcomes of HIV infected adolescents and young adults (AYA) in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV-infected adolescents and young adults (AYA) are at high risk of developing antiretroviral treatment failure. Objective: To determine the clinical, immunological and virologic outcomes of AYA at a tertiary hospital in Kenya. Methodology: A longitudinal study was conducted among AYA age 10-24 years attending Kenyatta National Hospital comprehensive care center. Clinical data was abstracted from electronic medical records for study participants with at least 6 months of follow-up using a structured data abstraction sheet. Results: A total of 250 AYA age 10 to 24 years were included. The median age was 16 years. The median CD4 cell count was 650.6 cells/mm3 (IQR 350.7-884.0). More than half (60.6%) of AYA had a CD4 cell count higher than 500 cells/mm3. Overall, 76.9% of AYA had achieved viral suppression (viral load <1000 copies/ml). There was a significant increase in virologic failure with higher age and late adolescents and young adults were more likely to have a viral load > 1000 copies/ ml p<0.012. Conclusion: The overall virologic suppression in this cohort of AYA was sub-optimal. Both immunological and virologic outcomes were worse among late adolescents (18-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years). Keywords: Adolescents; HIV; Kenya; virologic suppression; young adults.

The Development and Validation of an Interest and Skill Inventory on Educational Choices (ISEC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-828
Author(s):  
Evelyne E. M. Meens ◽  
Anouke W. E. A. Bakx ◽  
Joris Mulder ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Educational Choices ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract. This study aimed at developing and validating a new instrument to facilitate late adolescents and young adults to choose a higher education major. For the main study, the sample consisted of 6,215 late adolescents and young adults ( Mage = 19.50, SD = 1.89, 42.3% female). After rational scale construction based on the RIASEC model of Holland (1997) , several statistical analyses were conducted. In four studies, structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined. Our analyses showed that adequate structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity were established. A 7-factor structure was found, in which the investigative domain split into two subscales. The overall results suggested that the new instrument is reliable and valid as an orientation instrument in applied settings in secondary and higher education.

scholarly journals Subnormal Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Levels in Young Adults with Childhood-Onset Nonacquired Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency Who Recover Normal GH Secretion May Indicate Less Severe but Persistent Pituitary Failure

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 3788-3795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Gelwane ◽  
Catherine Garel ◽  
Didier Chevenne ◽  
Priscilla Armoogum ◽  
Dominique Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Ectopic Neurohypophysis

Abstract Context: The unexpected observation of a normal GH peak in 22% of young adults with childhood-onset GH deficiency (GHD) and ectopic neurohypophysis has raised questions about the criteria defining GHD in young adults and whether patients with subsequent increases in GH secretion nonetheless have a subtle form of GHD. Objective: Our objective was to determine the characteristics of patients with childhood-onset nonacquired GHD who recover normal peak GH secretion when adult height has been achieved. Design and Setting: We conducted a university hospital-based observational follow-up study. Participants: Sixty-two patients with ectopic neurohypophysis (n = 24), isolated hypoplastic anterior pituitary (n = 14), or normal hypothalamic pituitary area (n = 24) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the time of GHD diagnosis underwent reevaluation of the GH-IGF-I axis at a mean age of 16.8 ± 1.6 yr. Main Outcome Measures: Outcome measures included clinical and MRI findings and serum IGF-I and peak GH levels. Results: On retesting, peak GH exceeded 10 μg/liter in 31 patients (50%): six (20%) patients with ectopic neurohypophysis, 10 (32%) patients with initially isolated hypoplastic anterior pituitary, and 15 (48%) patients with normal MRI findings. Among these patients, serum IGF-I levels were significantly lower in patients with ectopic neurohypophysis than in those without structural abnormalities of the hypothalamic pituitary axis (n = 25), but patients without structural abnormalities also had significantly lower serum IGF-I levels than control subjects, after controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (mean serum IGF-I levels of 374 ± 83 vs. 446 ± 108 μg/liter; β-coefficient = −72; P = 0.003). Conclusions: The severity of the disease seems to have decreased over time in these patients, who may nonetheless present persistent pituitary failure. The natural history and clinical implications of these findings remain to be clarified. The possibility of a deterioration in the secretion of GH and other pituitary hormones later in life in a subset of these patients warrants the careful long-term follow-up of this population.

scholarly journals Intimate Piercings Among Minority Late Adolescents and Young Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. S87-S88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Gomez De Jesus ◽  
Michelle M. Hospital ◽  
Lorena Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Late Adolescents
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document