scholarly journals Optimization of the efficiency of permeable thermoelectric elements for air conditioner applicatons

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277
Author(s):  
R.G. Cherkez ◽  
M.S. Lastivka ◽  
A.S. Gukova
Keyword(s):  
Power Conversion ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Thomson Effect ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Thermoelectric Systems ◽  
Thermoelectric Air Conditioner ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Computer Studies

The optimization of permeable thermoelement for thermoelectric air conditioner unit based is presented. In the thermoelectric air conditioner unit the air flow is cooled due to a combined action of thermoelectric effects and the Joule-Thomson effect. Methods for calculation of temperature distribution, determination of power conversion energy characteristics and thermoelement design in maximum COP mode are discussed. Results of computer studies for the case of thermoelement legs based on Bi2Te3 material have shown the possibility of COP increase by a factor of 1.6-1.7 as compared to conventional thermoelectric systems.   

The Effect of Stress and Warfarin on the Adrenal Gland in Relation to Spontaneous Hemorrhage, as Judged by Measurement of Adrenal Ascorbic Acid and Serum Corticosterone

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chattopadhyay ◽  
D. D Johnson ◽  
G. J Millar ◽  
L. B Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Spontaneous Hemorrhage ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

SummaryRats were subjected to the following procedures: No treatment, Stressor (10% NaCl i.p.), Warfarin for 7 days, Stressor followed by Warfarin; and groups were sacrificed at intervals for assessment of spontaneous hemorrhage and of adrenal ascorbic acid concentration. There was no hemorrhage in the no treatment and stressor groups; some hemorrhage in the warfarin group; profound hemorrhage with Warfarin + Stressor. The adrenal ascorbic acid concentration was found to be lower, 8 h and again 5 days after stress, and remained lower in the warfarin + stress animals. Warfarin had no effect on adrenal ascorbic acid level.In another series of experiments in which the stress consisted of an electric current to the cage floor for 6 sec over 15 min, rats were sacrificed daily for determination of serum corticosterone concentration and occurrence of spontaneous hemorrhage. There was a statistically significant increase of serum corticosterone concentration with stress, warfarin and combined warfarin and stress treatments (P< 0.001 for all three variables). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.96 and 0.89, P< 0.01) for serum corticosterone concentration with hemorrhage score and incidence of hemorrhage in stressed rats receiving warfarin, but not in those receiving only warfarin. The results indicate an activation, rather than an exhaustion, of the pituitary-adrenal axis during the combined action of anticoagulant and stress, which results in the development of spontaneous hemorrhage.

Actual issues of systematization of scientific knowledge on the conditions of shot in the forensic ballistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Igor' Latyshov ◽  
Fedor Samuylenko
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Projectile Energy ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Shot Classification ◽  
Forensic Ballistics

In this research, there was considered a challenge of constructing a system of scientific knowledge of the shot conditions in judicial ballistics. It was observed that there are underlying factors that are intended to ensureits [scientific knowledge] consistency: identification of the list of shot conditions, which require consideration when solving expert-level research tasks on weapons, cartridges and traces of their action; determination of the communication systems in the course of objects’ interaction, which present the result of exposure to the conditions of the shot; classification of the shot conditions based on the grounds significant for solving scientific and practical problems. The article contains the characteristics of a constructive, functional factor (condition) of weapons and cartridges influence, environmental and fire factors, the structure of the target and its physical properties, situational and spatial factors, and projectile energy characteristics. Highlighted are the forms of connections formed in the course of objects’ interaction, proposed are the author’s classifications of forensically significant shooting conditions with them being divided on the basis of the following criteria: production from the object of interaction, production from a natural phenomenon, production method, results weapon operation and utilization, duration of exposure, type of structural connections between interaction objects, number of conditions that apply when firing and the forming traces.

Boron nitride zigzag nanoribbons: optimal thermoelectric systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 22448-22454 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zberecki ◽  
R. Swirkowicz ◽  
J. Barnaś
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Thermoelectric Systems ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanoribbons

Conventional and spin related thermoelectric effects in zigzag boron nitride nanoribbons are studied theoretically within the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach.

Spatial Profile of Thermoelectric Effects During Peltier Pulsing in Bi and Bi/MnBi Eutectic

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Silberstein ◽  
D. J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Directional Solidification ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Thomson Effect ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Spatial Profile ◽  
Thermal Transients ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

AbstractWe have studied the spatial profile of the thermal transients that occur during and following the current pulsing associated with Peltier Interface Demarcation during directional solidification. Results for pure Bi are presented in detail and compared with corresponding results for the Bi/MnBi eutectic. Significant thermal transients occur throughout the sample that can be accounted for by the Peltier effect, the Thomson effect, and Joule heating. We have separated these effects and studied their behavior as a function of time, current density, and position with respect to the solid/liquid interface.

scholarly journals Contactless Determination of Optimal Chloride Concentration for Power Conversion Efficiency in CH3NH3Pb(Cl,I)3 Using Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Takaho Asai ◽  
Seigo Ito ◽  
Takayuki Makino
Keyword(s):  
Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Pl Quenching

We applied room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy for the compositional engineering of a CH3NH3Pb(Cl,I)3 light harvester in an alloy-based perovskite solar cell. This spectroscopic characterization determines the optimal Cl concentration where the power conversion efficiency shows its maximum in a contactless and non-destructive manner. The PL quenching ratio evaluated from the comparative PL studies between the films grown on glass/ZrO2 and SnO2:F/TiO2 substrates exhibited its maximum at a Cl concentration of 10 mol%, which agrees with the Cl concentration determined from the current–voltage measurement-based device performance. We also discuss the possible reasons for the coincidence mentioned above regarding the charge extraction effect induced by Cl incorporation.

scholarly journals Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy for Determination of Electron and Hole Mobilities in Working Organic Solar Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nojima ◽  
Takashi Kobayashi ◽  
Takashi Nagase ◽  
Hiroyoshi Naito
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Physical Constant ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Photocurrent Spectroscopy ◽  
Donor And Acceptor ◽  
Device Structures ◽  
Electron Donor And Acceptor

AbstractCarrier drift mobility is an important physical constant in the charge transport process of organic solar cells (OSCs). Although time-of-flight and space-charge-limited current techniques have been frequently utilized for mobility measurements, the validity of a new method using modulation photocurrent spectroscopy is discussed in this contribution. The advantages of this method are its applicability to working OSCs with optimized device structures and the simultaneous determination of the electron and hole mobilities. These features make it possible to study the relation between the mobility balance and the solar cell characteristics, such as the power conversion efficiency, using only a single working OSC; hence, it is not necessary to fabricate electron-only and hole-only devices for mobility measurements. After carrying out numerical simulations to examine the validity of this method for mobility determination, the dependence of the mobility balance on the mixing ratio of the electron-donor and –acceptor materials is presented.

Analytic solution of angle-ply laminated plates under extension, bending, and torsion

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1093-1106
Author(s):  
Shen-Haw Ju ◽  
Wen-Yu Liang ◽  
Hsin-Hsiang Hsu ◽  
Jiann-Quo Tarn
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Anisotropic Elasticity ◽  
Laminated Plates ◽  
Rectangular Section ◽  
State Space Approach ◽  
Present Solution ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Space Approach

This paper develops a Hamiltonian state space approach for analytic determination of deformation and stress fields in multilayered monoclinic angle-ply laminates under the combined action of extension, bending, and torsion. The present solution satisfies the equations of anisotropic elasticity, the end conditions, the traction-free boundary conditions on the four edge surfaces of the rectangular section, and the interfacial continuity conditions in multilayered laminates. The proposed method only requires the solutions of matrix and eigen equations, regardless of the number or lamination of the layers. The finite element analyses are used to validate the accuracy of the analysis. The analytical solution and the numerical solutions are in excellent agreement.

Theoretical Investigation and Analysis of Solar Thermoelectric Air-Conditioner

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 3216-3220
Author(s):  
Hui Tian ◽  
Zhao Hui Qi ◽  
Zhong Zan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Thermoelectric Air Conditioner ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Composition Characteristics

With consideration of energy utilization and environmental protection, a solar thermoelectric air conditioner is designed, its composition characteristics, working principle is introduced, and factors that affect its performance have been analyzed theoretically.

Experimental performance of a ceiling-type free convected thermoelectric air conditioner

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lertsatitthanakorn ◽  
J. Hirunlabh ◽  
J. Khedari ◽  
M. Daguenet
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Experimental Performance ◽  
Thermoelectric Air Conditioner
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