scholarly journals Impact of Compulsory Sexuality on LGB and Asexual Media Consumers

Perceptions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Baugh
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Development ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
The Media ◽  
Compulsory Sexuality ◽  
Effects Of Media

This paper seeks to explore the effects of media portrayals of heterosexuality on the romantic and sexual development of adolescent lesbian, gay, bisexual, (LGB) and asexual (ace) consumers. The media, specifically network programming, is a powerful tool of socialization which has been dominated by images of heterosexual love since its inception. As a result LGB and ace consumers have been systemically erased from the majority of the United States’ mediated social narratives. Non-straight viewers have therefore been precluded from receiving the social guidance and affirmation allotted to heterosexual consumers whose sexual and romantic behaviors are endorsed by the images portrayed onscreen. The underrepresentation of LGB and ace people is reflected in other major socializing institutions including the home, church, and academic institutions where heterosexuality is taken for granted as the only acceptable form of sexual or romantic behavior, and non-straight people are consequently erased. Furthermore, tracing the gradual increase in portrayals of love and sex in the media over time and the ubiquitous nature of sexuality throughout society, this paper will explore the nuances inherent in the effects of compulsory heterosexuality on LGB people and the effects of compulsory sexuality on asexual people. Ultimately, by understanding television and story-telling as society’s primary means of self-regulation and expression, this paper will interrogate the implications of predominantly heterosexual narratives on the minds and sexual development of young LGB and asexual consumers.

Imagining 5G: Public sense-making through advertising in China and the US

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792098523
Author(s):  
Scott W. Campbell ◽  
Fangwei Zhao ◽  
Jordan Frith ◽  
Fan Liang
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
The Media ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure

This study initiates a line of research on how the fifth generation of wireless infrastructure (“5G”) is being imagined through media portrayals—in this case through advertising. At the time of this writing, 5G is not yet widely available, however the media is saturated with narratives about how it will revolutionize everyday life. Drawing from the social imaginaries and media infrastructures traditions, this textual analysis examines the social shaping of 5G through advertisements from leading telecoms in leading markets, including China and the United States. Findings reveal an overarching trend with ads from both societies imagining 5G in futuristic and utopian ways, suggesting new possibilities for people, objects, and places to be connected through smart homes, vehicles, factories, and cities—not just through smart phones. The findings also reveal distinctions in how 5G is envisioned at the societal level. For example, ads from China imagine 5G as a source of national pride that will elevate its global standing, while the US telecoms have a more inward focus on domestic competition. The discussion offers interpretations of these and other findings, along with directions for future research.

The Social History of Alcohol as Portrayed in the Comics up to the End of the Prohibition Era

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Lambert ◽  
Stephen Israelstam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Comic Strips ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media

The mass media tend to shape the values and opinions of their audience as well as reflect the culture in which they exist. The comics have long been an integral part of the media, appealing to a wide range of age and social class. As such, they could have considerable effect on attitudes and behaviours regarding alcohol consumption. In this paper, we examine the comic strips appearing in the daily newspapers before, during and up to the end of the Prohibition era in the United States, to see how alcohol was portrayed during this period when its manufacture and sale were prohibited.

The Architecture Industry and Typical Icons

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Sklair
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Image Building ◽  
The Media ◽  
Architecture Firms

This chapter aims to fill in the substance of the first component of the corporate fraction of the transnational capitalist class (TCC) in architecture and urban design, the major architecture firms. While the starchitects and signature architects who produce unique architectural icons have attracted most media attention, they are a very small group within the profession. Here, the focus is on the much larger group of architecture firms producing the successful typical icons that are transforming cities all round the world in the era of capitalist globalization. Infrastructure is an increasingly large part of this, and I introduce the idea of celebrity infrastructure to highlight how bridges, transportation hubs, and waterside developments are mobilized as the Icon Project strives to turn them into consumerist spaces. Here the focus is more on the projects than the firms. As we saw in the previous chapter, contrary to the claims of many architecture critics and theorists, iconicity is not simply a creation of the media or corporate publicists. Architects play a significant part in the social production of iconic architecture, making some of them active participants in the Icon Project. As Dion Kooijman (2000: 829) argues, ‘architecture can form a true part of the “image building” by PR and marketing departments’. Behind the general discussion of the ways in which the four fractions of the TCC serve the interests of capitalist globalization through creating and promoting iconic architecture is the idea that, as well as the symbolism and aesthetics of iconic buildings and spaces, there is something else going on of great significance. Two pioneering studies, Blau (1984) and Gutman (1988), researched architecture as an industry in the United States. Judith Blau focused more on architects themselves, reporting a key finding that 98 per cent of respondents (she surveyed 400 architects in New York) said that architects were distinct from other professionals in terms of the ‘mystique of artistic creativity’ (Blau 1984: 49), but that most architects never realize this goal. This was seen to be a problem for architecture, particularly in capitalist societies.

Covering Muslims

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Bleich ◽  
Maurits van der Veen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Media ◽  
Comparative Measure

For decades, scholars and observers have criticized negative media portrayals of Muslims and Islam. Yet most of these critiques are limited by their focus on one specific location, a limited time period, or a single outlet. This book offers the first systematic, large-scale analysis of American newspaper coverage of Muslims through comparisons across groups, time, countries, and topics. It demonstrates conclusively that coverage of Muslims is strikingly negative by every comparative measure examined. Muslim articles are negative relative to those touching on Catholics, Jews, or Hindus, and to those mentioning marginalized groups within the United States as diverse as African Americans, Latinos, Mormons, and atheists. Coverage of Muslims has also been consistently and enduringly negative across the two-decade period from 1996 through 2016. This pattern is not unique to the United States; it also holds in countries such as Britain, Canada, and Australia, although less so in the Global South. Moreover, the strong negativity in the articles is not simply a function of stories about foreign conflict zones or radical Islamist violence, even though it is true that terrorism and extremism have become more prominent themes since 9/11. Strikingly, even articles about mundane topics tend to be negative. The findings suggest that American newspapers may, however inadvertently, contribute to reinforcing boundaries that generate Islamophobic attitudes. To overcome these drawbacks, journalists and citizens can consciously “tone-check” the media to limit the stigmatizing effect of negative coverage so commonly associated with Muslims and Islam.

scholarly journals Media Gatekeeping and Portrayal of Black Men in America

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-81
Author(s):  
Felix Kumah-Abiwu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Black Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
White Racial Frame ◽  
Theoretical Insight

Black men continue to face many challenges in the United States, but their negative portrayal in the media seems to be one of the pervasive challenges facing them. While “occupying” a huge space in the media landscape, one wonders why such a space has not been adequately used to draw public interest/attention to the problems facing Black men. This dilemma with implications for policy outcomes (action/inaction) deserves further theoretical insight. To explore this, the article draws on the critical race theory and white racial frame with the literature on the social construction of Blackness, Black men, and media gatekeeping to advance the argument that the intersections of race, social structures, and media gatekeepers create incentives for the negative portrayal of Black men.

scholarly journals Discourse analysis on the news of femicide in print media: Turkey-America sampleYazılı basında çıkan kadın cinayeti haberleri üzerine söylem çözümlemesi: Türkiye-Amerika örneği

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Hanife Nalan Genç ◽  
Duygu Aydemir
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Gender Perception ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Murder which means that someone knowingly or willingly kills another person is a serious act. The punishment of this crime is a life imprisonment or execution. Although there are many reasons for the murder, the main reason to make this action for man or woman is the reason for that murder. A person with a tendency to commit homicide can head for the powerless and weaker ones, especially considering their own safety. This impulse of violence which is inherent in human being shows tendency to the domineeringness of the strong onto the weak. In recent years, violence incidents reaching to the murder of women has aggravated the size of traumas in social life even more. At the written and oral press, the news and the way of their presentation explicitly reflect the most important indispensable element of human rights, namely the right of life to be taken away from women, especially in social life. Violence and killing incidents against women are indicators of how both genders are reflected on life as a consequence of gender perception and they indicate the meaning of the social life style and order in terms of men and women. In this study, which aims to evaluate the news of femicide in the way they are reflected in the written press in Turkey and the United States, especially the way in which news on femicide events was given has been evaluated. For this purpose, in the newspapers of both countries, traces of a gendered perspective were searched by discourse analysis technique. In this way, two countries were compared and solutions were offered to the problems of women in the media. In this context, two similar events and e-newspapers from both countries were tried to be selected and resolved. This analysis takes into account similarities in the manner in which these murders were committed and in the presentation of news, such as the choice of e-newspapers.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBir kimsenin bir başka kişiyi bilerek ya da isteyerek öldürmesi anlamına gelen cinayet ağır bir eylemdir. Bu suçun cezası müebbet hapis ya da idamdır. Cinayetin pek çok sebebi olmakla birlikte erkek ya da kadını bu edimi yapmaya iten temel sebep o cinayetin gerekçesidir. Cinayet işleme eğilimindeki kişi başta kendi güvenliğini düşünerek, kendisinden daha güçsüz ve zayıf olana yönelebilmektedir. İnsanın doğasında olan bu şiddet dürtüsü güçlünün güçsüzü ezmesi yönünde eğilim göstermektedir. Son yıllarda kadına yönelik şiddet olayları kadın cinayetlerine kadar dayanarak toplumsal yaşamda travmaların boyutunu daha da ağırlaştırmıştır. Yazılı ve sözlü basında yer alan bu haberler ve veriliş biçimleri insan haklarının en vazgeçilmez öğesi olan yaşam hakkının kadının elinden alınmasının özellikle toplumsal yaşamda yansımalarını açık biçimde sergilemektedir. Kadına yönelik şiddet ve öldürme olayları gerek toplumsal yaşam biçimi ve düzeninin erkek ve kadın açısından anlamını belirtmesi, gerekse her iki cinsin toplumsal cinsiyet algısının bir sonucu olarak yaşama nasıl yansıdığının göstergesidir. Kadın cinayeti haberlerinin Türkiye ve Amerika’da yani iki farklı toplumda yazılı basına yansıdığı biçimiyle değerlendirmesine yönelik olan bu çalışmada özellikle kadın cinayeti haberlerinin veriliş biçimi değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla çalışmada her iki ülkenin gazetelerinde söylem çözümlemesi tekniğiyle cinsiyetçi bakış açısının izleri aranmış, bu yolla iki ülke karşılaştırılmış ve medyada kadın sorununa çözümler sunulmaya gayret edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda her iki ülkeden iki benzer olay ve e-gazete seçilip çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çözümlemede e-gazetelerin seçimi gibi bu cinayetin işleniş biçimi ve haberlerinin verilişlerindeki benzerlikler dikkate alınmıştır.

Fabricating the American Dream in US media portrayals of Syrian refugees: A discourse analytical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Bhatia ◽  
Christopher J Jenks
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
American Dream ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Media ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

The months preceding and following the inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States have incited furious debate about the authenticity of media discourse in the shaping of reality (cf. fake news), including in particular the reporting of refugees from predominantly Muslim regions and their resettlement in Western nations. Much of this debate is rooted in how opposing discourse clans, such as liberal and conservative ideologies, construct a narrative of nationhood around contested views of refugees. Examining mainstream and alternative media from a critical discourse analytic perspective, the article uncovers how two key narratives about the Syrian refugee crisis emerge when the media attempt to orient their respective audiences to government policy through the discursive formation of the American Dream. Drawing on aspects of historicity, linguistic and semiotic action, and social impact, the analysis of the data reveals a discursive fracas between a humanistic perspective on the crisis that exploits a banal understanding of the American Dream and a more dichotomous narrative that homogenises refugees as a threat to the American way of life. These observations add to the growing body of literature that questions the ways in which the media discursively shapes, and is shaped by, political ideologies.

scholarly journals La Transición a juicio en la trilogía negra de Juan Madrid: el hard boiled como vehículo para la crítica y la expresión del desencanto en la España postransicional

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Diego Ernesto Parra Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
The Political ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Literary Trend ◽  
American Authors

Unlike countries like United Kingdom, France or The United States, Spain never had a remarkable tradition in the field of Crime Fiction. This lack of solid tradition was the consequence of different causes like censorship, a bad consideration at editorial level and the lack of a deep industrial revolution which brings the urban conflicts which make this type of literature emerge. With the arrival of the democratic Transition, these transformations took place and, as a consequence of this, Spanish Crime Fiction experiments and amazing development born, precisely, with the aim of building up a critical portrait over this political phenomenon and its most relevant milestones taking the hard boiled literary trend from the North American authors as model. Being this one the context reflected by the Juan Madrid´s noir trilogy on Transition, this article intends to display an approach to it and its role as an unbeatable platform to rise up a critical review of this period from three perspectives: the political, the social and economical and that in relation to the media.

Social Media and Free Knowledge

2015 ◽  
pp. 156-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Aguilar ◽  
Oswaldo Terán
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Media Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Manipulation ◽  
Effects Of Media

Mass media (e.g., TV) and social media (e.g., Facebook) have a large utilization nowadays; they are becoming an integral part of our life. This chapter describes the psychological effects of media bias and manipulation, along its impact on public opinion by using “agenda setting” and “prototypes/framing”. It shows how media can artificially create feelings and emotions. It will also explore the relationships between free knowledge and media. Free knowledge has a strong potential to prevent media manipulation, and for people emancipation from media control. The paper suggests using media in a more humanistic way, as a space to create knowledge, where social interaction influences knowledge. We talk of communities where people regularly share and create knowledge. The media do not replace existing processes of building knowledge; rather they provide an additional dynamic environment, which must meet certain criteria for what the social knowledge will be emancipator, and not manipulative.

Social Media and Free Knowledge

2015 ◽  
pp. 433-466
Author(s):  
Jose Aguilar ◽  
Oswaldo Terán
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Media Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Manipulation ◽  
Effects Of Media

Mass media (e.g., TV) and social media (e.g., Facebook) have a large utilization nowadays; they are becoming an integral part of our life. This chapter describes the psychological effects of media bias and manipulation, along its impact on public opinion by using “agenda setting” and “prototypes/framing”. It shows how media can artificially create feelings and emotions. It will also explore the relationships between free knowledge and media. Free knowledge has a strong potential to prevent media manipulation, and for people emancipation from media control. The paper suggests using media in a more humanistic way, as a space to create knowledge, where social interaction influences knowledge. We talk of communities where people regularly share and create knowledge. The media do not replace existing processes of building knowledge; rather they provide an additional dynamic environment, which must meet certain criteria for what the social knowledge will be emancipator, and not manipulative.

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