Nieprawidłowo diagnozowana utrata masy ciała u pacjenta z późnym rozpoznaniem HIV – opis przypadku

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Błażej Rozpłochowski
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
General Malaise ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Progressive Weakness

Late and very late HIV diagnosis are still a major challenge for caring for patients living with HIV. A 50-year-old male patient was followed up due to general malaise, progressive weakness and uncontrolled loss of weight through 9 months. He was diagnosed with HIV when presented cachexia, candidosis and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. There is a need for testing not only in MSM group with the highest prevalence of HIV but also in other groups such heterosexual or elderly people.

African Australians living with HIV: a case series from Victoria

Sexual Health ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris N. Lemoh ◽  
Samia Baho ◽  
Jeffrey Grierson ◽  
Margaret Hellard ◽  
Alan Street ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Industrialised Countries ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: This research aimed to describe the characteristics of African-born Victorians living with HIV, identify associations with delayed HIV diagnosis and describe their response to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Methods: A case series of African-born adults living with HIV in Victoria was conducted. Data was collected in interviews and reviews of case notes. Associations with delayed HIV diagnosis (CD4 below 200 cells µL–1 at diagnosis and/or AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis) were explored using univariate regression. AIDS-defining illnesses and response to cART were described. Results: Fourteen males and six females were included. Ten were born in the Horn of Africa (nine in Ethiopia). Sixteen had sexual exposure (12 heterosexual; four male-to-male sex). Seven reported acquiring HIV in Australia. Median CD4 count at diagnosis was 145 cells µL–1. Ten had delayed HIV diagnosis, of whom eight were born in the Horn of Africa. Delayed HIV diagnosis was associated with birth in the Horn of Africa (odds ratio: 11.56). Nine had a diagnosis of AIDS, including three cases of tuberculosis, three of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and two of cerebral toxoplasmosis. Eighteen had received cART, of which 16 achieved virological suppression and 15 achieved a CD4 count above 200 cells µL–1. Clinical failure and virological failure occurred in seven and five cases, respectively. Conclusions: HIV prevention strategies for Victoria’s African communities should address HIV exposure in Australia. Ethiopian-born Victorians with HIV appear to be at particular risk of delayed diagnosis. Response to cART in this series was comparable to that observed in other industrialised countries.

scholarly journals Comparison of Late HIV Diagnosis as a Marker of Care for Aboriginal Versus Non-Aboriginal People Living with HIV in Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. e96-e102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Jaworsky ◽  
LaVerne Monette ◽  
Janet Raboud ◽  
Doe O’Brien-Teengs ◽  
Christina Diong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Aboriginal Ethnicity ◽  
Living With Hiv

BACKGROUND: Studies have found that Aboriginal people living with HIV/AIDS (APHAs) are more likely than non-APHAs to receive suboptimal HIV care, yet achieve similar clinical outcomes with proper care.OBJECTIVE: To compare the proportions of individuals diagnosed late with HIV between APHAs and non-APHAs within the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study (OCS).METHODS: The analysis included OCS participants who completed the baseline visit by November 2009. Two definitions of the outcome of late HIV diagnosis were used: the proportion of participants with an AIDS-defining illness (ADI) before or within three months of HIV diagnosis; and the proportion of participants with a CD4+count <200 cells/mL at diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between Aboriginal ethnicity and late HIV diagnosis.RESULTS: APHAs were more likely to be female and have lower income, education and employment. No statistically significant differences were noted in the proportions receiving a late HIV diagnosis defined by ADI (Aboriginal 5.2% versus non-Aboriginal 6.3%; P=0.40). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between Aboriginal ethnicity and late HIV diagnosis defined by CD4+count after adjusting for age and HIV risk factor (OR 1.55; P=0.04).DISCUSSION: APHAs were more likely to have a CD4+count <200 cells/mL at diagnosis but had similar clinical outcomes from late diagnosis when defined by ADI. However, differences may be underestimated due to recruitment limitations and selection bias.CONCLUSION: Additional work is needed to address the socioeconomic and health care needs of APHAs.

scholarly journals Stereotypes of representations about HIV, contributing to the epidemic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
D. V. Antonova ◽  
V. V. Bocharov ◽  
N. S. Chrustaleva
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Infection Route ◽  
Late Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Living With Hiv

The aim of the study was to explore the common misconceptions about HIV as a determinant of the HIV epidemic growth and as a factor affecting disease outcomes.Materials and methods. The study involved 136 persons (50 persons with blood-borne infection route, 50 persons with heterosexual transmission, 36 persons without HIV). As research methods a special clinical map was used, as well as an author’s questionnaire, which allows to register the characteristics of risky behavior in relation to infection and the characteristics of the life situation of the disease. Statistical data processing included the definition of primary statistics, the Fisher criterion, ANOVA.Study results. A frequent occurrence of distorted representations about HIV was noted in all groups. It has been established that people living with HIV and healthy respondents do not differ in the frequency of HIV testing. The features of the life situation of the disease related to the method of the disease transmission were revealed in the study. It has been established that people living with HIV with different infection route differ in the frequency of late HIV diagnosis, the presence of AIDS, refusal of treatment. The results determine the need to increase public awareness of the disease and correct distorted representations about it.

scholarly journals Stigma mastery in people living with HIV: gender similarities and theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Patrick Namisi ◽  
John C. Munene ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
Anne R. Katahoire ◽  
Rosalinda M. Parkes-Ratanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Aims This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, factors associated with, and to build a theoretical framework for understanding Internalsed HIV-related Stigma Mastery (IHSM). Methods A cross-sectional study nested within a 2014 Stigma Reduction Cohort in Uganda was used. The PLHIV Stigma Index version 2008, was used to collect data from a random sample of 666 people living with HIV (PLHIV) stratified by gender and age. SPSS24 with Amos27 softwares were used to build a sequential-mediation model. Results The majority of participants were women (65%), aged ≥ 40 years (57%). Overall, IHSM was 45.5% among PLHIV, that increased with age. Specifically, higher IHSM correlated with men and older women “masculine identities” self-disclosure of HIV-diagnosis to family, sharing experiences with peers. However, lower IHSM correlated with feminine gender, the experience of social exclusion stress, fear of future rejection, and fear of social intimacy. Thus, IHSM social exclusion with its negative effects and age-related cognition are integrated into a multidimensional IHSM theoretical framework with a good model-to-data fit. Conclusion Internalised HIV-related Stigma Mastery is common among men and older women. Specificially, “masculine identities” self-disclose their own HIV-positive diagnosis to their family, share experiences with peers to create good relationships for actualising or empowerment in stigma mastery. However, social exclusion exacerbates series of negative effects that finally undermine stigma mastery by young feminine identities. Thus, stigma mastery is best explained by an integrated empowerment framework, that has implications for future practice, policy, and stigma-related research that we discuss.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV hospitalized with COVID-19: a nationwide experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Ceballos ◽  
Patricio Ross ◽  
Martin Lasso ◽  
Isabel Dominguez ◽  
Marcela Puente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Living With Hiv

In this prospective, multicentric, observational study, we describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) requiring hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Chile and compare them with Chilean general population admitted with SARS-CoV-2. Consecutive PLHIV admitted with COVID-19 in 23 hospitals, between 16 April and 23 June 2020, were included. Data of a temporally matched-hospitalized general population were used to compare demography, comorbidities, COVID-19 symptoms, and major outcomes. In total, 36 PLHIV subjects were enrolled; 92% were male and mean age was 44 years. Most patients (83%) were on antiretroviral therapy; mean CD4 count was 557 cells/mm3. Suppressed HIV viremia was found in 68% and 56% had, at least, one comorbidity. Severe COVID-19 occurred in 44.4%, intensive care was required in 22.2%, and five patients died (13.9%). No differences were seen between recovered and deceased patients in CD4 count, HIV viral load, or time since HIV diagnosis. Hypertension and cardiovascular disease were associated with a higher risk of death ( p = 0.02 and 0.006, respectively). Compared with general population, the HIV cohort had significantly more men (OR 0.15; IC 95% 0.07–0.31) and younger age (OR 8.68; IC 95% 2.66–28.31). In PLHIV, we found more intensive care unit admission (OR 2.31; IC 95% 1.05–5.07) but no differences in the need for mechanical ventilation or death. In this cohort of PLHIV hospitalized with COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular comorbidities, but not current HIV viro-immunologic status, were the most important risk factors for mortality. No differences were found between PLHIV and general population in the need for mechanical ventilation and death.

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