scholarly journals Production of activated carbon from sludge and herb residue of traditional Chinese medicine industry and its application for methylene blue removal

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1333-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenwei Yu ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Innocent Nyalala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Ratio

Sludge-based activated carbon (SAC) was prepared with sewage sludge and Chinese medicine herbal residues (CMHR’s). An orthogonal experimental design method was used to determine the optimum preparation conditions. The effects of the impregnation ratio, activation temperature, activation time, and addition ratio of CMHR’s on the iodine value and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of activated carbon were studied. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the prepared SAC. The results showed that the optimal process conditions for preparing the SAC were as follows: an impregnation ratio of 1:4, an activation time of 30 min, an activation temperature of 700 °C, and an addition ratio of CMHR’s of 40%. The adsorption balance of the methylene blue dye was examined at room temperature. Adsorption isotherms were obtained by fitting the data using the Langmuir and Freundlich models, which showed that methylene blue adsorption was most suitable for the Langmuir equation. The results demonstrated that SAC prepared from SS and CMHR’s from a Chinese medicine factory could effectively expel dyes from wastewater.

scholarly journals Process Optimization of High Surface Area Activated Carbon Prepared from Cucumis Melo by H3PO4 Activation for the Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes Using Full Factorial Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12662-12679
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Full Factorial

In this study, Chemical activation was used to prepare a low-cost activated carbon (AC) from agricultural waste material: Cucumis melo. It was used as a green biosorbent for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions (Methylene blue (MB) and Acid orange 7 (AO7)).A full factorial 24 experimental design was used to optimize the preparation conditions. The factors and levels included are activation temperature (300 and 500ºC), activation time (1 and 3 h), H3PO4 concentration (1.5 and 2.5 mol/L), and contact time (60 and 90 min). The surface area of the activated carbons and high removal efficiency of MB and AO7 was chosen as a measure of the optimization. The activated carbon prepared at 500 °C, for 3 hours with an H3PO4 concentration of 2.5 mol/L and a contact time of 90 min, have the largest specific surface area (475 m2/g) and the percentage of discoloration of methylene blue (99.4%). Furthermore, the greater value of AO7 removal (94.20%) was obtained at 3h - activation time, 500°C - activation temperature, 1.5 mol/L - H3PO4 concentration with a 90 min contact time.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Waste Particle Board by Chemical Activation Using Potassium Hydroxide

2010 ◽  
Vol 129-131 ◽  
pp. 1151-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Jin ◽  
Zhi Ming Yu ◽  
Zhe Ren ◽  
Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽  
Positive Effects

Activated carbons were prepared through chemical activation of waste particle board (WPB) precursor using potassium hydroxide as the chemical agent. The effects of different parameters, such as chemical/WPB ratio, activation time and activation temperature on yield and the methylene blue adsorption capacity of activated carbon were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the optimum conditions were as follow: activation temperature 850°C, KOH(50% concentration)/ WPB 4.0, activation time 50 min. Amount of methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number and the yield of activated carbon prepared under optimum conditions were 15.0 mL/0.lg, 1213mg/g and 36.9%, respectively. Therefore, great potential exists for developing activated carbon products from waste wood, which will have the positive effects of reducing our landfill problem and gain attractive products.

Preparation and Characterization of Microporous Activated Carbon from Raw Petroleum Cokes

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 286-291
Author(s):  
Bo Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature

Adopting the chemical activation method, the high specific surface area activated carbon (AC) was prepared by the solid mixing method using Daqing petroleum cokes as raw materials and KOH as activator. The influence of the ratio of KOH to carbon, activation temperature and activation time on the iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties of the AC were studied. The micro-graphitic structure of the AC was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The BET specific surface area, BJH pore size distribution and pore volume of the AC were determined by N2 adsorption (at 77K). The experimental results show that the high specific surface area AC can be prepared with the ratio of KOH to carbon of 4, activation temperature of 800°C and activation time of 1h. The specific surface area was as high as 2142 m2/g with the iodine adsorption value of 288mg/g and methylene blue adsorption value of 1266mg/g. The XRD and BJH results also show that amorphous carbon was the dominating form, and the pore size distribution represents micropore structure.

Sea Mango Activated Carbon Preparation and Characterization for Dye Removal

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Sethupathi Sumathi ◽  
Wei Liang Chong ◽  
Mohamed J.K. Bashir ◽  
Choon Aun Ng ◽  
Kanthasamy Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature

The conversion of sea mango oil into non-edible feedstock for biodiesel will lead to the production of abundant sea mango biomass as waste. Thus in this study, the potential of converting sea mango fiber waste into a value added product was analyzed. Sea mango fiber was utilized to produce activated carbon and was tested on dye removal. The sea mango activated carbon (SMAC) was prepared using physical activation by carbon dioxide. The preparation was carried out by varying the activation temperature (600-900 °C), gas flow rate (50–300 ml/min) and activation time (1.0-2.5 h). The parameters are manipulated using Design of Experiment. The prepared activated carbon was tested on methylene blue dye. SMAC was characterized by SEM, FTIR and BET surface area. Results showed that activation temperature and time have significant effect on the characteristic of SMAC and removal of dye. The optimum conditions for preparing the SMAC having the highest dye removal were found to be activation temperature of 810 °C, 178 ml/min of carbon dioxide flow and 1.9 h of activation time. The results showed that the BET surface area and dye removal efficiency of the SMAC are 540 m2/g and 95.6 % respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of process conditions for preparation of activated carbon from waste Salix psammophila and its adsorption behavior on fluoroquinolone antibiotics

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Yibei Wan ◽  
Penglei Liu ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Weihua Zou
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Abstract Salix psammophila (SP), a solid waste abundantly available, was applied as a precursor to prepare the activated carbon by chemical activation method using phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the prepared conditions of activated carbon. The effects of concentration of H3PO4, activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption performance (expressed by the adsorption capacity of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR)) were investigated. The optimum conditions were obtained using H3PO4 concentration of 67.83%, activation temperature of 567.44 °C and activation time of 86.61 min. The optimum activated carbon (SPAC) was characterized with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption behavior of CIP and NOR on SPAC was carried out and the mechanisms for the adsorption process were proposed. The equilibrium data were fitted by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, which resulted in 251.9 mg/g and 366.9 mg/g of the maximum monolayer adsorption for CIP and NOR at 25 °C, respectively. The best fitted kinetic model was pseudo-second-order, implying that chemisorption dominated in the adsorption process. This study indicated that activated carbon based on Salix psammophila (SPAC) was an excellent adsorbent for removing fluoroquinolone antibiotics from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE USING ZnCl2 FOR THE REMOVAL OF Cu (II) ION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM)

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1A) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Tran Van Thuan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Optimized Conditions

This study aimed at preparing low cost activated carbon (AC) from sugarcane bagasse by ZnCl2 activation and evaluating the effects of synthesis conditions and variables using the response surface methodology (RSM) approach for the adsorption of Cu (II) ion from aqueous solution by the synthesized ACs. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the most influential factors including activation temperature, impregnation ratio and activation time on each experimental design response were investigated. The optimized conditions for preparation of AC and removal of Cu (II) ions were identified with the activation temperature of 673 K, impregnation ratio of 1.5 and activation time of 35.2 minutes. An optimized conditions based–test experiment with 48.8 % of AC yield and 92.3 % Cu (II) ion removal was observed.

scholarly journals A novel approach for producing low cost and highly efficient activated carbon for removing cationic dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Fatiha Moughaoui ◽  
Amine Ouaket ◽  
Asmae Laaraibi ◽  
Souad Hamdouch ◽  
Zoubida Anbaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Cationic Dyes ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Good Agreement

Chemical activation was used to prepare a low-cost activated carbon (AC) from an agricultural waste material: sugarcane bagasse. It was used as a green biosorbent for the removal of two cationic dyes from aqueous solutions (Methylene blue (MB) and Malachite Green (MG)). Central composite design (CCD) using response surface methodology (RSM) was applied in this work in order to run a limited number of experiments. The possibility of revealing the interaction of three selected factors: activation temperature, activation time, and chemical impregnation ratios at different levels for the process of preparing the AC were studied. Two-second order quadratic regression models for a yield of AC and capacity of adsorption were developed using JMP Software.The results of the process of optimization were carried out; it showed a good agreement between the predictive response of RSM model and the obtained experimental values with high correlation coefficients (R2) which indicates the efficacy of the model. The optimal activated carbon was obtained using 400°C activation temperature, 36 min activation time, and 2 impregnation ratio, resulting in 63.12 % of AC yield and 99.86 % for MB removal and 400°C activation temperature, 90 min activation time and 2 impregnation ratio, resulting in 45.69 % of AC yield and 99.75 % for MG removal. Moreover, the comparison between the experimental and the predicted values at optimum conditions was in good agreement with relatively small errors.This work showed the effectiveness and the performance of preparing activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse, and it recommended as an effective and green biosorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Tea Seed Shell by Zinc Chloride Activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1099-1102
Author(s):  
Zhu Li ◽  
Lin Xia Gao ◽  
Ke Wu Pi ◽  
Duan Ji Wan ◽  
Si Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Impregnation Time ◽  
Blue Solution

The aims of this work were to utilize tea seed shell, biomass waste, for the preparation of activated carbon by zinc chloride activation. The effects of the preparation parameters, which were concentration of Zncl2, impregnation ratio, impregnation time and activation time, on the yield and adsorption capacity of methylene blue solution were analyzed in order to optimize these operation conditions by Orthogonal experiment. The experimental results show that the optimum activated carbon from tea seed shell was obtained by these conditions as follows: impregnation ratio of 50% ZnCl2/shell of 1:1.5, 2.5 hours impregnation time and 1.5 hours activation time in 500°C activation temperature.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Waste Particle Board by K2CO3 Activation Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2562-2568
Author(s):  
Wu Yu ◽  
Ming Yu Zhi ◽  
Xiao Juan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption

Activated carbons were prepared from waste particle board (WPB) by K2CO3 activation. The effects of different parameters, such as chemical/WPB ratio, activation time and activation temperature on yield, the methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number of activated carbon were investigated. The optimum conditions were determined by the method of factor analysis and the orthogonal design as follows: activation temperature 900°C, K2CO3 (50% concentration)/ WPB 4.0, activation time 60 min. Amount of methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number, phenol adsorption, BET surface area and the yield of activated carbon prepared under optimum conditions were 82.5mg/g, 1234mg/g, 185mg/g, 1026m2/g and 30.4%, respectively.

Preparation of Pruning Mulberry Shoot-Based Activated Carbon by ZnCl2 Activation

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Ning Qiu ◽  
Huan Wu ◽  
Fu An Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
New Type ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Mb Adsorption

This paper reports the preparation of activated carbon from a new type of agricultural biomass materials, pruning mulberry shoot, by ZnCl2activation. The experiments in this study vary the parameters of ZnCl2activation procedures, such as concentration and impregnation ratio of the activating agent, temperature and time of chemical activation. The experimental results indicated that with a ZnCl2concentration of 50%, an impregnation ratio of 2:1, an activation temperature of 850 °C, and an activation time of 90 min, the activated carbon with better iodine and MB adsorption capacity were 1422.40 mg/g and 163.54mg/g, respectively. Therefore, the optimal preparation process of activated carbon from pruning mulberry shoot was successfully achieved by using single-factor method in this study, which can be used as adsorbents for various environmental applications.

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