scholarly journals The case for urban and reclaimed wood in the circular economy

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5226-5245
Author(s):  
Anna R. Pitti ◽  
Omar Espinoza ◽  
Robert Smith
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Emotional Value ◽  
Trade Shows

Circular economy production, or upcycling of traditional waste products, has evolved in alignment with consumer driven accountability and demand for environmentally friendly alternatives. In recent years, industries have emerged to upcycle materials for value-added production. This paper presents case study interview results used to gather information about current marketing practices within the urban and reclaimed wood industries, which upcycles trees felled in urban areas and wood generated through construction and demolition. Firms reported entering the industry for a variety of reasons, most frequently surrounding intangible raw material and product attributes. Interviewees reported generating primarily made-to-order products, made-to-stock furniture, mantels, slabs, lumber, beams, flooring, millwork, and other products priced largely in line with their competition. Promotion consisted primarily of word of mouth, company webpages, social media, and event participation, such as craft fairs or trade shows. Firms relayed messages of sustainability, local production, quality, and emotional value. Companies primarily participate in direct, retail, or online sales, which have become increasingly prevalent. This paper outlines opportunities to explore, as well as barriers to overcome through examination of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats present in the internal and external environments of the urban and reclaimed wood industries.

scholarly journals Method for Quantifying Supply and Demand of Construction Minerals in Urban Regions—A Case Study of Hanoi and Its Hinterland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4358
Author(s):  
Georg Schiller ◽  
Tamara Bimesmeier ◽  
Anh T.V. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Urban Structures

Urbanization is a global trend: Since 2007 more than 50% of the world’s population have been living in urban areas, and rates of urbanization are continuing to rise everywhere. This growth in urbanization has led to an increased demand for natural resources, in particular non-metallic minerals such as stones, sand and clay, which account for one third of the entire flow of materials. Generally, these materials are traded within regional markets. This close geographical link between the demand for building materials in urban areas and the material supply in the hinterland leads to massive interventions in the natural environment and landscape. These urban–rural linkages can be revealed by applying Material Flow Analysis (MFA) to the built environment in order to trace the flows of building materials. The objective of this paper is to present a method for quantifying regional material flows by considering the supply and demand of building materials. This will be applied to the Vietnamese case study area of Hanoi and its hinterland province Hoa Binh. The results indicate a consumption of almost 60% of the construction mineral reserves in total secured by planning in the hinterland province considering a period of 15 years. However, this does not allow for the general conclusion that raw materials are sufficiently available. The sand reservoirs are only sufficient for eight years and clay reserves are used up after four years. This increases the need to exploit further raw material reserves, which are becoming increasingly scarce and results in stronger interventions in nature In order to safeguard the hinterland from the negative impacts of urbanization, a new understanding of resource efficiency is needed—one that acknowledges both resource efficiency in the construction of urban structures and appropriate resource conservation in the provision of the raw materials from the hinterland. This will require the creation of new integrated planning approaches between urban and regional planning authorities. Regional MFA is one way of realising such an approach.

scholarly journals Managing the Transition towards Circular Metabolism: Living Labs as a Co-Creation Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libera Amenta ◽  
Anna Attademo ◽  
Hilde Remøy ◽  
Gilda Berruti ◽  
Maria Cerreta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soil Resource ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Five Phases

Resource consumption and related waste production are still rapidly increasing all over the world, leading to social and environmental challenges and to the production of the so-called ‘wastescapes’. Peri-urban areas—in-between urban and rural territories—are particularly vulnerable and prone to develop into wastescapes because they are generally characterised by mixed functions and/or monofunctional settlements, as well as by fragmentation in a low-density territory that is often crossed by large infrastructure networks. Moreover, peri-urban areas are generally the selected locations for the development of plants for waste management. In this way, they are crossed by waste flows of a different nature, in a landscape of operational infrastructures and wasted landscapes. Implementing Circular Economy (CE) principles, interpreting waste and wastescapes as resources, is a way to significantly reduce raw material and (soil) resource consumption, improving cities’ metabolism. A circular approach can positively affect the spatial, social and environmental performances of peri-urban areas. However, the transition towards a CE presents many challenges. This article outlines an approach to address these challenges, presenting a co-creation process among researchers, experts and stakeholders within Living Labs (LLs) processes. LLs are physical and virtual spaces, aiming at the co-creation of site-specific eco-innovative solutions (EIS) and strategies. In the LLs, public–private–people partnerships are developed by applying an iterative methodology consisting of five phases: Co-Exploring, Co-Design, Co-Production, Co-Decision, and Co-Governance. This article presents a case study approach, analysing the co-creation methodology applied in two peri-urban living labs, located in the Metropolitan Areas of Naples (Italy) and Amsterdam (The Netherlands), within REPAiR Horizon2020 research project.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Sustainable Carbon Negative Eco-Industrial Parks

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Abraham ◽  
Farah Ramadan ◽  
Dhabia M. Al-Mohannadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
And Storage

Growing climate change concerns in recent years have led to an increased need for carbon dioxide emission reduction. This can be achieved by implementing the concept of circular economy, which promotes the practice of resource conservation, emission minimization, and the maintenance of sustainable revenue streams. A considerable amount of carbon dioxide emissions is a consequence of stationary sources from industrial processes. These emissions can be reduced using carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) or reduced at source by using emission free renewable resources. The method developed within this work uses mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to design sustainable clusters that convert seawater (including waste brine), air, and waste carbon dioxide emissions to value-added products with sunlight as the main energy source. In this way, circular economy is employed to minimize fresh resource consumption and maximize material reuse. The potential of this work is demonstrated through a case study, which shows that an industrial park may be profitable while adhering to strict emission and material constraints.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 on the Automotive Supply Chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Beáta Sz.G. Pató ◽  
Márk Herczeg
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Supply ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
High Level ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Global And Local

AbstractSecuring the high level of performance of the supply chains is a difficult task. The harmonization of different interests, the coordination of the raw material supply and information flow, the cooperation of the partners, forging and maintaining a relationship of trust are challenging even in an ideal world in order to meet the customer demands. The recent outbreak of the COVID-19 presents the members of the supply chains with extreme challenges. Because of the epidemic, the value added activities of the supply chains are getting even more importance. It became clear that the different supply chains connect the whole economy in a global and local scale as well. The choice of the inventory and organizational strategy is a key aspect in a crisis like this. The aim of this study is to present the current challenges and their viable solutions in order to check the possibilities to maintain the operation of the supply chains even in this difficult economic and social period using an automotive case study as an example.

scholarly journals Circular Economy Model: Insights from a Case Study in South Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Palmieri ◽  
Alessandro Suardi ◽  
Vincenzo Alfano ◽  
Luigi Pari
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
South Italy ◽  
New Business

This study aims to analyze the economic and environmental sustainability of a case study of an energy power plant that produces electricity from pruning residues of olive groves from nine municipalities in southern Italy. To assess the economic sustainability of the agro-energetic chain, the profitability and efficiency ratios are calculated. Moreover, the GHG emissions of the agro-energetic pruning supply chain due to both the pruning collection at the field level, and their combustion for energy production at the power plant, are calculated. To put together the environmental and economic evaluations, the ecoefficiency ratio was calculated to measure the value added per 1Mg of GHG emitted into the atmosphere. The findings show the whole agro-energetic chain, namely the power plant and the collection company have both a good return on owner’s equity (ROE) ratio (15.89% and 31.48%, respectively) and ROI ratio (4.34% and 6.14% respectively). Moreover, the power plant’s ecoefficiency ratio (2.64€ per 1Mg of GHG) is slightly lower than harvest firm one (2.91€ per 1Mg of GHG). The findings could be useful to develop new business models based on the circular economy concept. In fact, the business model proposed could push entrepreneurs towards new income opportunities, at the same time, helping local farms and reducing the environmental impacts.

scholarly journals Effects of zero defects approach-a case study at an Indian industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.21) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
K Karunakaran ◽  
R Saravanan ◽  
P Venkumar ◽  
R Sridha
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Total Productive Maintenance ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Quality Tools

Quality is free when reaches zero defects, quality is measured various aspects. The rework is carried out when the product finish not up to the standard, which added additional expenditure. On other side if there is no chance for rework the cost of raw material and value added cost up to that non conformity is lost. This work shares a success story and reveals a systematic scientific approach to reach zero defects. The case study conducted in the leading supplier who focuses on climate and energy efficient solutions. The traditional powerful quality tools employed to focus, understanding and analyse the problem. The Decision support system preferred and adopted to solve the problem with affordable cost. The outcomes of this work measured in terms of modern Total Productive Maintenance style that is in terms of Productivity, Quality, Cost, Delivery, Safety, Motivation and Morale (PQCDSM). The results in all the way found more significant. 

scholarly journals Inflows and Outflows from Material Stocks of Buildings and Networks and their Space-Differentiated Drivers: The Case Study of the Paris Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Vincent Augiseau ◽  
Eunhye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central City ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Flow Analysis ◽  
Paris Region ◽  
Context Specific

Urbanization causes massive flows of construction materials and waste, which generates environmental impacts and land-use conflicts. Circular economy strategies at a local scale and in coordination with urban planning could respond to those issues. Implementing these strategies raises challenges as it requires a better knowledge of flows and their space-differentiated drivers. This article focuses on the case of the Paris region (Ile-de-France) in 2013. Construction materials inflows and outflows to and from anthropogenic stocks of buildings and networks are estimated and located though a bottom-up approach based on the collection and processing of geolocalized data. Flow analysis focuses on the relationship between urbanization and flows with a view to establishing context-specific circular economy strategies. Results show that regional inflows of construction materials to stocks in 2013 reach between 1.8 and 2.1 t/capita while outflows are between 1.0 and 1.5 t/capita. Both inflows and outflows are mainly driven by building construction and demolition as well as by road renewal. The region is composed of three sub-urban areas and flows per capita in the dense central city of Paris are significantly lower than in the low-density outskirt area of Grande Couronne (GC). Road renewal accounts for a larger share of flows in GC. Future research will address methodological limits.

scholarly journals KINERJA DAN NILAI TAMBAH AGROINDUSTRI SAGU AREN DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Abu Haris Husain ◽  
Ktut Murniati ◽  
Adia Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Procurement System

This study aimed to analyze the raw material procurement system based on six components, the performance and the added value of the palm sago agro-industry in Natar subdistrict of South Lampung Regency. The research was a case study in which location was chosen purposively in four Sago Aren Agroindustries by considerating that there were only four agro-industries that were still actively producing sugar palm sago in that area. The reseach data collection was conducted in March - April 2018 and analyzed by qualitative and quantitative descriptive and added value analysis. The results showed that the six components of raw material procurement namely time, place, quality, organization, quantity, and price in Sago Aren of Adi Putra, Oblak, and Surahmat Agroindustries were appropriate because they have been in line with expectations. There was still a component of material procurement standards that have not been matched or did not in line with the expectation in Kartim Agroindustry namely quantity. Production performance in the Sago Aren Agroindustries could be classified as good, because four of the five indicators in production performance namely productivity, capacity, quality, and speed of delivery were appropriate, while indicators of flexibility in the four sago palm agroindustry was not optimal, and the four sago palm agroindustry was feasible because it provided positive added value. Key words: sagu aren, performance, value added

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