scholarly journals Challenges in industrial applications of technical lignins

BioResources ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 3547-3568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Vishtal ◽  
Andrzej Kraslawski
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Efficient Conversion ◽  
Value Added Products ◽  
Technical Lignins

The primary aim of modern biorefineries is the efficient conversion of lignocellulosic materials into valuable products. Sugars and oils can be converted into valuable chemicals, but processing of lignin is still a challenge. A vast amount of lignin is incinerated to produce process steam and energy, and only a very small part is used for the production of value-added products. Technical lignins are isolated as by-streams in lignocellulosic refineries, e.g., as kraft, soda, organosolv, and hydrolysis lignins, as well as lignosulphonates. They have a modified structure and contain impurities that are dependent on the processing method. The structure and the composition of technical lignins restrict their subsequent applications. This paper reviews limiting factors in utilization of technical lignins. Four major classes of problems are identified, and approaches to overcoming these problems are suggested.

scholarly journals Challenges in industrial applications of technical lignins

BioResources ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 3547-3568
Author(s):  
Alexey Vishtal ◽  
Andrzej Kraslawski
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Efficient Conversion ◽  
Value Added Products ◽  
Technical Lignins

The primary aim of modern biorefineries is the efficient conversion of lignocellulosic materials into valuable products. Sugars and oils can be converted into valuable chemicals, but processing of lignin is still a challenge. A vast amount of lignin is incinerated to produce process steam and energy, and only a very small part is used for the production of value-added products. Technical lignins are isolated as by-streams in lignocellulosic refineries, e.g., as kraft, soda, organosolv, and hydrolysis lignins, as well as lignosulphonates. They have a modified structure and contain impurities that are dependent on the processing method. The structure and the composition of technical lignins restrict their subsequent applications. This paper reviews limiting factors in utilization of technical lignins. Four major classes of problems are identified, and approaches to overcoming these problems are suggested.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Wax - A Par Excellent by-Product of Sugar Industry - A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohan ◽  
L. Chithra ◽  
R. Nageswari ◽  
V. Manimozhi Selvi ◽  
M. Mathialagan
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Press Mud ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
By Products ◽  
Sugarcane Processing ◽  
Value Added Products

Sugarcane is one of the major cash crops, used for the production of sugar and ethanol. Sugarcane processing, results in many by by-products like bagasse, molasses and press mud which have economic value. Also, the by-products serve to generate many value added products. Sugarcane wax is a value added product obtained by the processing of press mud. It has pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial applications. n-Triacontanol, Policosanol, D-003 acids and waxes are some of the products derived from the sugarcane wax. This article attempt discusses the various methods of extraction of sugarcane wax, its constituents and its characteristics and applications of the products derived from the sugarcane wax.

scholarly journals Elucidation of the regio- and chemoselectivity of enzymatic allylic oxidations with Pleurotus sapidus – conversion of selected spirocyclic terpenoids and computational analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2233-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Weidmann ◽  
Mathias Schaffrath ◽  
Holger Zorn ◽  
Julia Rehbein ◽  
Wolfgang Maison
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Bond Dissociation Energies ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
Edible Fungus ◽  
Steric Accessibility ◽  
Pleurotus Sapidus ◽  
Value Added Products

Allylic oxidations of olefins to enones allow the efficient synthesis of value-added products from simple olefinic precursors like terpenes or terpenoids. Biocatalytic variants have a large potential for industrial applications, particularly in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Herein we report efficient biocatalytic allylic oxidations of spirocyclic terpenoids by a lyophilisate of the edible fungus Pleurotus sapidus. This ‘’mushroom catalysis’’ is operationally simple and allows the conversion of various unsaturated spirocyclic terpenoids. A number of new spirocyclic enones have thus been obtained with good regio- and chemoselectivity and chiral separation protocols for enantiomeric mixtures have been developed. The oxidations follow a radical mechanism and the regioselectivity of the reaction is mainly determined by bond-dissociation energies of the available allylic CH-bonds and steric accessibility of the oxidation site.

scholarly journals Potential Usage of Edible Mushrooms and Their Residues to Retrieve Valuable Supplies for Industrial Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Natália Cruz-Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Disposal Problem ◽  
Value Added Products

Currently, the food and agricultural sectors are concerned about environmental problems caused by raw material waste, and they are looking for strategies to reduce the growing amount of waste disposal. Now, approaches are being explored that could increment and provide value-added products from agricultural waste to contribute to the circular economy and environmental protection. Edible mushrooms have been globally appreciated for their medicinal properties and nutritional value, but during the mushroom production process nearly one-fifth of the mushroom gets wasted. Therefore, improper disposal of mushrooms and untreated residues can cause fungal disease. The residues of edible mushrooms, being rich in sterols, vitamin D2, amino acids, and polysaccharides, among others, makes it underutilized waste. Most of the published literature has primarily focused on the isolation of bioactive components of these edible mushrooms; however, utilization of waste or edible mushrooms themselves, for the production of value-added products, has remained an overlooked area. Waste of edible mushrooms also represents a disposal problem, but they are a rich source of important compounds, owing to their nutritional and functional properties. Researchers have started exploiting edible mushroom by-products/waste for value-added goods with applications in diverse fields. Bioactive compounds obtained from edible mushrooms are being used in media production and skincare formulations. Furthermore, diverse applications from edible mushrooms are also being explored, including the synthesis of biosorbent, biochar, edible films/coating, probiotics, nanoparticles and cosmetic products. The primary intent of this review is to summarize the information related to edible mushrooms and their valorization in developing value-added products with industrial applications.

scholarly journals Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifah Jasmani ◽  
Rafeadah Rusli ◽  
Tumirah Khadiran ◽  
Rafidah Jalil ◽  
Sharmiza Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Nanosized Material ◽  
Value Added Products

Abstract Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.

scholarly journals Advances in natural rubber seed shell utilization in polymer technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Ekebafe ◽  
Linda C. Igbonazobi ◽  
Esther A. Anakhu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Value Added Products

The valorization of rubber seed shell into useful materials for industrial applications in polymer technology is of great interest. The usefulness of this material is borne out of the ease of processing; it’s readily available at low or no cost, and less abrasive to equipment. Literature and research reports have shown that rubber seed shell has gained applications in the adhesive industry as reinforcing additive, in electrode manufacturing, as filler in polymer composites, as sorbent in the uptake of heavy metals during waste water treatments, as starting material in the production carbon materials for value added products for the industry. However, there are still outstanding prospects in the utilization of this material in various areas of polymer technology such as a lignocellulosic source for the production of biodegradable foams, polymer gels, second generation bio-plastics and biofuels, and as surfactants. This review examines the results of a retrospective and prospective study in polymer technology of the latent properties inherent in rubber seed shell with particular emphasis on its utilization in polymer technology.

Lignocellulosic Materials for Production of Cement Composites: Valorization of the Alkali Treated Soybean Pod and Eucalyptus Wood Particles to Obtain Higher Value-Added Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2235-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Jesus Nogara Lisboa ◽  
Mário Vanoli Scatolino ◽  
Thiago de Paula Protásio ◽  
José Benedito Guimarães Júnior ◽  
José Manoel Marconcini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Eucalyptus Wood ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Value Added Products

A biorefinery processing perspective: Treatment of lignocellulosic materials for the production of value-added products

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (23) ◽  
pp. 8915-8922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael FitzPatrick ◽  
Pascale Champagne ◽  
Michael F. Cunningham ◽  
Ralph A. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Value Added Products

Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) Seed as a Potential Bioresource for Industrial Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 855-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidangshri Basumatary ◽  
Biswajit Nath ◽  
Pranjal Kalita ◽  
Bipul Das ◽  
Sanjay Basumatary
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Value Added Products

Raw materials from renewable natural resources for industrial applications are in high concern in recent industrial research. Researchers invest their time in the management of waste as well as the conversion of waste to wealth. In that line, the production of biofuels including biodiesel, and value-added products from non-edible oil sources as well as from the generated waste biomasses, are in the tilt of research in recent times. Preparation of different oleochemicals such as grease, resins, soap, lubricants, etc. from vegetable oils, and utilization of seed cake as fertilizer, animal feed, medicine, etc. are encouraged as a part of the generation of waste to wealth as per today’s environment is concerned. In recent days, various reports on the production of biodiesel and other oleochemicals from non-edible oil sources are published in various scientific journals. Yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana) is a tropical shrub which produces a toxic non-edible fruit containing a high percentage of seed oil (up to 67%), protein (30-37%) as well as other medicinally important phytochemicals. It is attracting the researchers worldwide for the production of biodiesel, various oleochemicals, medicine, animal feed, etc. In this study, biodiesel and various value-added products synthesized from Thevetia peruviana oil and cake are reviewed to generate and popularize the potential use of yellow oleander seed for various industrial applications and accordingly, for substantial growth in cultivation for commercial-scale requirements.

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