scholarly journals Vyrų sutrikusios lytinės funkcijos androgeniniai aspektai

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Antanas Balvočius
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Androgen Therapy

Antanas BalvočiusTarptautinis medicinos centras Union Clinic Vilnius,Tilto g. 1/2, VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Lytinių steroidinių hormonų endokrininiai sutrikimai neigiamai paveikia vyrų lytinę funkciją. Straipsnio tikslas – pateikti pagyvenusių vyrų lytinės disfunkcijos tyrimų ir gydymo rezultatus, apžvelgti mokslinę literatūrą apie endokrininę vyrų lytinės disfunkcijos patofiziologiją, diagnostiką ir gydymą. Ligoniai ir metodai Nuo lytinės disfunkcijos gydyti 64 pagyvenę (50–75 metų, vidutinis amžius 59 metai) vyrai. Erekcijos sutrikimai pagal TEFR-5 skalę svyravo nuo 11 iki 21 balo (vidutiniškai 15,5). Testosterono (T) kraujo serume buvo nuo 15,8 iki 4,6 nmol/L. Mažiau kaip 11 nmol/L rasta 44 vyrams (69%). Pavartoję FDE-5 inhibitorių, erekcijos kokybe buvo nepatenkinti iš 64 net 46 ligoniai, iš jų 35 ligoniams buvo taikytas kombinuotasis gydymas: 250 mg testosterono injekcijos į raumenis kas trys savaitės ir 5-fosfodiesterazės inhibitorius 1 valandą prieš lytinius santykius. Po 3 mėn. lytinės funkcijos pagal TEFR-5 skalę didesnis kaip 21 balas buvo 30 ligonių (85,7%). Rezultatai Hipogonadizmas yra klinikinis ir biocheminis sindromas, pasižymintis nepakankama androgenų koncentracija serume, dėl to gali sumažėti lytinė trauka, pablogėti erekcijos ir gyvenimo kokybė. Jei yra klinikinių indikacijų skirti androgenų terapiją, ja testosterono koncentracija turi būti palaikoma neviršijant fiziologinių ribų. Egzistuoja terapinis sinergizmas, kai esant hipogonadizmui taikomas kombinuotasis gydymas testosteronu ir 5-fosfodiesterazės inhibitoriais. Prieš terapiją ir reguliariai po jos būtina atlikti prostatos digitalinę rektalinę apžiūrą ir nustatyti prostatos specifinius antigenus kraujo serume. Androgenų terapija gali būti trumpalaikė arba ilgalaikė. Pastarajai reikia reguliariai ir dažnai stebėti pacientą, palankų bei šalutinį terapijos atsaką. Išvados Gydant pagyvenusių vyrų lytinę disfunkciją būtina atsižvelgti ir į steroidinių hormonų kiekį kraujo serume bei androgenų terapijos galimybes. Kombinuotąjį gydymą testosteronu ir 5-fosfodiesterazės inhibitoriais reikėtų skirti tiems erekcijos sutrikimų turintiems pacientams, kuriems nepakankamai padeda gydymas vien 5-fosfodiesterazės inhibitoriais. Reikšminiai žodžiai: lytinė disfunkcija; androgenai; andropauzė; testosteronas; prolaktinas dihidrotestosteronas, 5-fosfodiesterazės inhibitoriai, hormonų terapija Androgen aspects of male sexual dysfunction Antanas BalvočiusInternational Medical Center Union Clinic Vilnius,Tilto str. 1/2, Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective Steroid hormone endocrine disturbances have an adverse impact on sexual function in men. The aim of the article was to present findings of the study on sexual dysfunction in elderly men and results of their treatment together with a review of the literature on pathologic physiology, diagnostics and therapy of male endocrine sexual dysfunction. Patients and methods Sixty four elderly men (aged 50 to 75, mean age 59 years) were treated for sexual dysfunction. The score of erectile disturbances according to International Index of Erectile Function TEFR-5scale ranged from 11 to 21 (mean, 15.5). The blood testosterone (T) level was 15.8 to 4.6 nmol/l. The level lower than 11 nmol/l was found in 44 (69%) patients. Only 46 of 64 patients were not satisfied with the quality of erection after administration of PDE-5 inhibitors. A combined therapy was applied for 35 of 46 patients with a low T level: intramuscular T 250 mg injections three times a week and a FED-5 inhibitor one hour before sexual intercourse. Sexual function of >21 as assessed by TEFR-5 scale was determined for 30 (85.7%) patients after three months. Results Hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical syndrome characterised by an insufficient serum androgen level, which may result in a decreased libido, lower quality of erection and decreased quality of life. If clinical indications for androgen therapy are present, it shall maintain the level of testosterone within the physiological limits. Therapeutic synergism is observed when a combined treatment including testosterone and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors is applied in hypogonadic men. Digital rectal examination of prostate and determination of values of blood serum prostate specific antigens are indispensable before the initiation of therapy and must be performed regularly afterwards. Androgen therapy may be short-term or long-term, and requires regular and frequent monitoring and observation for favourable and side response to the treatment. Conclusions The level of blood serum steroid hormones should be taken into account and the possibilities for androgen therapy considered in the therapy of sexual dysfunctions in elderly men. A combined treatment of erectile disorders with testosterone and phosphodiesterease-5 inhibitors should be administered to the patients in whom the treatment with phosphodiesterease-5 inhibitors alone is not helpful. Keywords: sexual dysfunction, androgens, andropause, testosterone, prolactin, dihydrotestosterone, phosphodiesterease-5 inhibitors, hormone therapy

scholarly journals Frequency of Iatrogenic Sexual Dysfunction Associated with Antihypertensive Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5214
Author(s):  
Bárbara Buch-Vicente ◽  
José Mª. Acosta ◽  
José-Angel Martín-Oterino ◽  
Nieves Prieto ◽  
María Elena Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Calcium Antagonist ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor General Health

Iatrogenic sexual dysfunction (SD) caused by antihypertensive (AH) compounds, provoking sexual desire, orgasm or arousal dysfunction, is a common clinical adverse event. Unfortunately, it is often underestimated and underreported by clinicians and prescribers in clinical practice, deteriorating the adherence and patient quality of life. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of SD in patients treated with different antihypertensive compounds; a real-life naturalistic and cross-sectional study in patients receiving AH treatment was carried out. Method: A total of 256 patients were included in the study (188 males and 68 females who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria). The validated Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ-SALSEX) was transversally applied once at least every two months following the onset of the treatment in order to measure possible AH-related SD. Although the spontaneous reporting of SD was very low (6.81% females/24.8% males), 66.40% of the patients reported impaired sexual function through the SALSEX questionnaire after the treatment onset, as follows: decreased desire (55.8% females/54.2% males), delayed orgasm (42.6%/45.7%), anorgasmia (42.6%/43.6%) and arousal difficulties (53%/59.6%). The average frequency of moderate to severe iatrogenic SD was 66.4% with AH in monotherapy as follows: angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), 29.8%; calcium antagonists, 40%; diuretics, 42.9%; beta blockers, 43.8%; and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, 77.8%. Combined treatments showed a higher percentage of main SD (70.3%): diuretic + ACE inhibitor, 42.3%; ARB + calcium antagonist, 55.6%; diuretic + calcium antagonist, 68.8%; and diuretic + ARB, 74.2%. The greatest risk factors associated with SD were poor general health, age over 60 with a comorbid coronary or musculoskeletal disease, mood disorder and diuretic +ARB combined therapy. Conclusion: SD is common in patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, and it is still underreported. The most harmful treatment deteriorating sexual function was the combination of diuretic +ARB, while the least harmful was monotherapy with ARBs. More research is needed on the clinical management of this problem to preserve the quality of life of patients and their partners.

The impact of sexual dysfunction on the quality of life measured by MSQoL-54 in patients with multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
DK Tepavcevic ◽  
J Kostic ◽  
ID Basuroski ◽  
N Stojsavljevic ◽  
T Pekmezovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Pain Subscale ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Vaginal Lubrication ◽  
The Impact

Objective Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common but often overlooked symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency, type, and intensity of SD in our patients with MS and to investigate its influence on all the domains of quality of life. Methods The study population comprised a cohort of 109 patients with MS (McDonald's criteria, 2001). SD was quantified by a Szasz sexual functioning scale. Health-related quality of life was measured by a disease-specific instrument MSQoL-54 (Serbian version). Results The presence of at least one symptom of SD was found in about 84% of the men and in 85% of the women. The main complaints in women were reduced libido, difficulties in achieving orgasm, and decreased vaginal lubrication; in men, the main complaints were reduced libido, incomplete erections, and premature ejaculation. In women, statistically significant negative correlations between the presence and level of SD and quality of life domains were reached for all subscales ( P < 0.01), except for the Pain subscale ( P = 0.112). In men, negative correlations were also observed for all domains, but they were statistically significant for physical health, physical role limitations, social function, health distress, sexual function, and sexual function satisfaction ( P < 0.01). We found that the presence of all the analyzed types of sexual problems statistically significantly lowered scores on the sexual function and the sexual function satisfaction subscales in both men and women ( P < 0.01). The most prominent impact on both domains was observed for the total loss of erection in men and for anorgasmia in women. Conclusions Our results reveal that frequent occurrence of SD in MS patients prominently affects all aspects of their quality of life.

scholarly journals Combined treatment for acromegaly with long-acting somatostatin analogs and pegvisomant: long-term safety for up to 4.5 years (median 2.2 years) of follow-up in 86 patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJCMM Neggers ◽  
WW de Herder ◽  
JAMJL Janssen ◽  
RA Feelders ◽  
AJ van der Lely
Keyword(s):  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Median Dosage ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Long Acting

BackgroundWe previously reported on the efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QoL) of long-acting somatostatin analogs (SSA) and (twice) weekly pegvisomant (PEG-V) in acromegaly and improvement after the addition of PEG-V to long-acting SSA.ObjectiveTo assess the long-term safety in a larger group of acromegalic patients over a larger period of time: 29.2 (1.2–57.4) months (mean (range)).DesignPegvisomant was added to SSA monotherapy in 86 subjects (37 females), to normalize serum IGF1 concentrations (n=63) or to increase the QoL. The median dosage was 60.0 (20–200) mg weekly.ResultsAfter a mean treatment period of 29.2 months, 23 patients showed dose-independent PEG-V related transient liver enzyme elevations (TLEE). TLEE occurred only once during the continuation of combination therapy, but discontinuation and re-challenge induced a second episode of TLEE. Ten of these patients with TLEE also suffered from diabetes mellitus (DM). In our present series, DM had a 2.28 odds ratio (CI 1.16–9.22; p=0.03) higher risk for developing TLEE. During the combined therapy, a clinical significant decrease in tumor size by more than 20% was observed in 14 patients. Two of these patients were previously treated by pituitary surgery, 1 with additional radiotherapy and all other patients received primary medical treatment.ConclusionLong-term combined treatment with SSA and twice weekly PEG-V up to more than 4 years seems to be safe. Patients with both acromegaly and DM have a 2.28 higher risk of developing TLEE. Clinical significant tumor shrinkage was observed in 14 patients during combined treatment.

Sexual function and quality-of-life-related problems during the menopausal period

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1769-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Gozuyesil ◽  
Sule Gokyildiz Surucu ◽  
Sultan Alan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Female Sexual Function ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Sexual Quality Of Life ◽  
Total Female ◽  
The Mean

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the sexual functions and quality of life and the problems during menopausal period. This descriptive, cross-sectional study included a total of 317 women. The mean total Female Sexual Function Index score was 18.8 ± 8.7, while the mean total Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire-Female score was 72.7 ± 13.7. Sexual dysfunction was found in 82 percent. There was a positive significant correlation between the total Female Sexual Function Index scores and total Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire-Female scores ( p < 0.05). Our study results suggest that women do not often experience serious menopausal symptoms, but have sexual dysfunction with a moderate sexual quality of life.

scholarly journals Comparison of Sexual Dysfunction Using the Female Sexual Function Index following Surgical Treatments for Uterine Fibroids

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Ryann Louie ◽  
Jennifer Alice Armstrong ◽  
Laura Katherine Findeiss ◽  
Scott Craig Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Function Index ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Uterine fibroids are a common problem in women. Statistics showing 20–50% of fibroids produce symptoms and consequently patients seek surgical intervention to improve their quality of life. Treatments for fibroids are typically successful in controlling the fibroid disease, yet sexual function following invasive surgical treatments for fibroids can be jeopardized. The Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a valid instrument producing quantifiable reproducible results. In this paper three case reports are evaluated by the FSFI and compared between the following treatment groups: hysterectomy, myomectomy, and uterine embolization. Our goal is to illustrate how each of these treatment outcomes can result in sexual dysfunction and therefore decreased quality of life. Effects of invasive fibroid treatments on sexual functioning would be helpful in guiding patient’s ultimate decisions regarding treatment.

Sexual function in adult cancer survivors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 123-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Jo Rajotte ◽  
K. Scott Baker ◽  
Leslie Heron ◽  
Karen Leslie Syrjala
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Clinic Appointment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors

123 Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common treatment sequela across numerous cancer diagnoses and treatments, causing increased distress, discomfort and negatively impacting quality of life. Methods: Before their survivorship-focused clinic appointment, adult cancer survivors were asked to complete a comprehensive patient -eported outcomes survey that included detailed questions on their health status including sexual function. Results: Between April 2015 to July 2016, 94 patients completed the survey. They were 66% female, mean age 45 years (SD 16, range 21-82) and 34% leukemia/lymphoma, 18% breast cancer, and 12% genitourinary cancer survivors. Patients were a mean of 6.7 years (SD 7.9, range 0-42) from their cancer diagnosis at the time of clinic appointment. Nearly half (48%) were married or living with a partner and 49% were living alone (single, divorced, widowed). 70.2% reported being sexually active (alone or with a partner) in the last year: of these only half (55.3%) reported being sexually active in the last month. For those who were not sexually active the most commonly cited reasons included lack of interest (24.5%) and not having a partner (30.9%), with 12.8% reporting not being sexually active due to a physical problem. Survivors rated their sexual satisfaction in the past month as a 5.0 (SD 3.7; scale of 0-10, 0=not at all satisfying 10=extremely satisfying). An independent samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference in sexual satisfaction between survivors under 45 years in age and ≥45 years in age (t=4.4, df=68.0, p < 0.05). Older survivors (mean=3.71, SD=3.7) reported significantly lower levels of sexual satisfaction than did younger survivors (mean=7.11, SD=2.8). The most commonly reported sexual function issues for women included vaginal dryness (23.4%) and for men included difficulty getting an erection (7.4%). Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction is a common long-term effect of cancer across diagnoses and most treatments, warranting widespread implementation of targeted interventions to manage sexual dysfunction and improve quality of life for these survivors.

Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Challenges and Opportunities

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (S9) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Barry Gidal ◽  
John J. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
The Impact

Quality-of-life issues in healthcare have come to be of paramount importance for a population that increasingly expects healthcare not only to treat major illnesses but also to optimize normal levels of physical and psychosocial functioning and overall well-being. Healthcare providers have also increasingly appreciated the impact that adverse effects of treatment can have on quality of life, as well as on compliance with and the effectiveness of treatment.Many functional impairments and adverse treatment effects take the form of clinical complaints that patients and caregivers typically report to their healthcare providers without prompting. Other adverse effects are not so obviously clinical or treatment-related, and patients may not be inclined or may even be reluctant to bring them up when talking with the provider. Impairment of sexual function is a problem of this kind.Sexual dysfunction appears to be common and frequently underrecognized in certain patient populations. For example, it has been estimated that 25% to 63% of women and 10% to 52% of men with epilepsy have some form of sexual dysfunction, yet in clinical reviews of sexual disorders, epilepsy is not listed as one of the medical conditions commonly associated with impaired sexual function.

scholarly journals Gestational Diabetes as a Predictor of Sexual Dysfunction in Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Ommolbanin Zare ◽  
◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Giti Ozgoli ◽  
Adeleh Bahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sexual Distress

Introduction: Pregnancy is associated with changes in sexual function and perhaps many more sexual problems when accompanied by particular disorders such as gestational diabetes. Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate factors associated with sexual functions in women with gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 women with gestational diabetes (150) and low-risk pregnant women (150) attending clinics affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in the north of Iran in 2019. A multistage cluster random sampling method was used, and samples were selected by convenience sampling method. The study data were collected using a demographic and obstetrics questionnaire, female sexual distress scale-revised, prenatal distress questionnaire, world health organization quality of life questionnaire, depression, anxiety, stress questionnaire, and a female sexual function index. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics indicators, the Chi-square test, t-test, and multivariate linear regression. Results: The frequency of sexual dysfunction was 87.3% in women with gestational diabetes and 34.67% in low-risk pregnant women. Compared to women with low-risk-pregnancy, women with gestational diabetes reported lower sexual function scores (P=0.001). Women with gestational diabetes experience lower quality of life (P<0.05) than low-risk pregnant women. Besides, women with gestational diabetes experience higher levels of stress (P=0.001), more prenatal concerns (P=0.014), and higher sexual distress (P<0.05). The linear regression test showed that gestational diabetes in pregnant women predicts a significant reduction in sexual desire (β=-0.599; P= 0.001). Conclusion: Gestational diabetes predicts a significant reduction in sexual function during pregnancy due to the physical and psychological effects of gestational diabetes. Thus, it is recommended that pregnant women with gestational diabetes should be trained and counseled about gestational diabetes control and sexual function.

scholarly journals Fertility Preservation and Sexual Health After Cancer Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Pereira ◽  
Glenn L. Schattman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
After Cancer

Recent developments in cancer diagnostics and treatments have considerably improved long-term survival rates. Despite improvements in chemotherapy regimens, more focused radiotherapy and diverse surgical options, cancer treatments often have gonadotoxic side-effects that can manifest as loss of fertility or sexual dysfunction, particularly in young cancer survivors. In this review, we focus on two pertinent quality-of-life issues in female cancer survivors of reproductive age—fertility preservation and sexual function. Fertility preservation encompasses all clinical and laboratory efforts to preserve a woman’s chance to achieve future genetic motherhood. These efforts range from well-established protocols such as ovarian stimulation with cryopreservation of embryos or oocytes, to nascent clinical trials involving cryopreservation and re-implantation of ovarian tissue. Therefore, fertility preservation strategies are individualized to the cancer diagnosis, time interval until initiation of treatments must begin, prognosis, pubertal status, and maturity level of patient. Some patients choose not to pursue fertility preservation, and the conversation then centers around other quality of life issues. Not all cancer treatments cause loss of fertility; however, most treatments can directly impact the physical and psychosocial aspects of sexual function. Cancer treatment is also associated with fear, anxiety, and depression, which can further decrease sexual desire, function, and frequency. Sexual dysfunction after cancer treatment is generally ascertained by compassionate inquiry. Strategies to promote sexual function after cancer treatment include pelvic floor exercises, clitoral therapy devices, pharmacologic agents, as well as couples-based psychotherapeutic and psycho-educational interventions. Quality-of-life issues in young cancer survivors are often best addressed by utilizing a multidisciplinary team consisting of physicians, nurses, social workers, psychiatrists, sex educators, counselors, or therapists.

Effects of atypical and typical antipsychotic treatments on sexual function in patients with schizophrenia: 12-month results from the Intercontinental Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes (IC-SOHO) study

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dossenbach ◽  
Yulia Dyachkova ◽  
Sebnem Pirildar ◽  
Martin Anders ◽  
Afaf Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Typical Antipsychotic ◽  
Patient Reports ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Typical Antipsychotics

AbstractPurposeSexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia can reduce quality of life and treatment compliance. This report will compare the effects of selected atypical and typical antipsychotics on sexual function in a large, international population of outpatients with schizophrenia who were treated over 1 year.Subjects and methodsOutpatients with schizophrenia, who initiated or changed antipsychotic treatment, and entered this 3-year, prospective, observational study were classified according to the monotherapy prescribed at baseline: olanzapine (N = 2638), risperidone (N = 860), quetiapine (N = 142) or haloperidol (N = 188).ResultsBased on patient perception, the odds of experiencing sexual dysfunction during 1 year of therapy was significantly lower for patients treated with olanzapine and quetiapine when compared to patients who received risperidone or haloperidol (all P ≤ 0.001). Females on olanzapine (14%) or quetiapine (8%) experienced a lower rate of menstrual irregularities, compared to females on risperidone (23%) or haloperidol (29%). Significant discordance was evident between patient reports and psychiatrist perception of sexual dysfunction, with psychiatrists underestimating sexual dysfunction (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings indicate clinically relevant differences exist in the sexual side effect profiles of these selected antipsychotics. These factors should be considered when selecting the most appropriate treatment for outpatients with schizophrenia.

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