scholarly journals The Absolute and Relative Pessimistic Inductions

Problemos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Seungbae Park
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Pessimistic Induction ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The absolute pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although successful, were abandoned, so current theories, although successful, will also be abandoned. By contrast, the relative pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although superior to their predecessors, were discarded, so current theories, although superior to earlier theories, will also be discarded. Some pessimists would have us believe that the relative pessimistic induction avoids empirical progressivism. I argue, however, that it has the same problem as the absolute pessimistic induction, viz., either its premise is implausible or its conclusion does not probably follow from its premise.

scholarly journals The Absolute and Relative Pessimistic Inductions

Problemos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Seungbae Park
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Pessimistic Induction ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The absolute pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although successful, were abandoned, so current theories, although successful, will also be abandoned. By contrast, the relative pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although superior to their predecessors, were discarded, so current theories, although superior to earlier theories, will also be discarded. Some pessimists would have us believe that the relative pessimistic induction avoids empirical progressivism. I argue, however, that it has the same problem as the absolute pessimistic induction, viz., either its premise is implausible or its conclusion does not probably follow from its premise.

scholarly journals The Philosophical Mea Culpa of the Icons of the Death of the Author

Problemos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Nysret Krasniqi
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
Literary Identity ◽  
Death Of The Author ◽  
Article Abstract ◽  
Literary Legacy

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] We will hereinafter discuss the author’s philosophy on gnoseological and historical premises. More precisely, by exploring the genealogy of the idea of the “Death of the Author” from modernism to postmodernism, we will analyse the concepts and ideologies that have become the stratagem of the denial of western literary canon, as well as the denial of equilibrium between philosophical and literary identity and universality. By treating the works of philosophers, authors, and fundamental semiologists who perpetuated the idea of the Death of the Author, we will observe how the latter gradually fled from the philosophy of doubt and as mea culpa admitted that without the author’s authority the philosophical and literary legacy is no longer the theatre of memory, but the abyss of oblivion. Moreover, with fundamental examples, we will observe the influence of this philosophy in the process of studying of the literature.  

scholarly journals Motor Third Party Liability after CJEU Interpretation of the Directive 103/2009/EC in Vnuk Judgment

Teisė ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Olga Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Full Article ◽  
Third Party ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Motor Insurance ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The aim of this article is to assess the consequences of the interpretation of the terms ‘vehicle’ and ‘use of a vehicle’ in the light of the case of Damijan Vnuk v Zavarovalnica Trigalev (C-162/13) the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in accordance with the objectives set out in the Motor Insurance Directive.

scholarly journals Enforcement of Mediated Settlement Agreements

Teisė ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miglė Žukauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Settlement Agreements ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Article Abstract ◽  
The Eu

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] Upon the recent finalization of the Singapore Mediation Convention, a comparative analysis is conducted in the article between the newly prepared instrument and two other international enforcement mechanisms of mediated agreements offered by the EU Mediation Directive and SIAC-SIMC Arb-Med-Arb protocol, both currently in force.

scholarly journals Reform of Civil Justice in Ukraine: A Differentiation of Action Proceedings and Review of Court Decisions

Teisė ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
Iryna Izarova
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Civil Justice ◽  
General Review ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Court Of First Instance ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English, abstract in Russian] During the reform of 2014–2017 Ukrainian legislation was approved significantly, among them the Constitution, laws, related to judiciary and litigation, enforcement as well. The advocacy reform is last. This has led to the evolutionary renewal of justice in Ukraine, which was positively faced by the international community. This article proposes to consider some components of civil justice reform, which were substantially updated, as well as to analyse their compliance with international and European standards. This refers to (1) a general review of judicial statistics and (2) new approaches to the trial of a court of first instance – order, simplified, general proceedings, criteria for demarcation of civil cases (3), and (4) peculiarities of settling a dispute with the participation of a judge. The conclusions summarize the most progressive results of reforms, as well as make suggestions on further development of the potential of civil justice.

scholarly journals The Pessimistic Induction and the Golden Rule

Problemos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungbae Park
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Golden Rule ◽  
Pessimistic Induction ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
English Only ◽  
Article Abstract ◽  
Scientific Antirealism

[full article, abstract in English; only abstract in Lithuanian] Nickles advocates scientific antirealism by appealing to the illusion hypothesis, the pessimistic induction over scientific theories, Darwin’s evolutionary theory, and the problem of underdetermination. I object that both the illusion hypothesis and evolutionary theory clash with the pessimistic induction and with the problem of underdetermination. I also argue that Nickles’s positive philosophical theories are subject to Park’s pessimistic induction over antirealists. Finally, I apply the Golden Rule to antirealists, viz., if antirealists do not want scientists to run the pessimistic induction over antirealists, antirealists ought not to run the pessimistic induction over scientific theories.

Future, or On the Redemption of Nature after Schelling and Nietzsche

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Emilio Carlo Corriero
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Being And Time ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of Nature ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Time And Being ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] It is starting from the role recognized and attributed to nature by Schelling and Nietzsche that one understands the renewed relationship between being and time at the basis of the possibility for the new beginning of Western philosophy, prophesized by Heidegger in 1936. For both, the possibility of the very future passes by the necessary redemption of the past (that is an extreme liberation from its conceptual hypostatization) through a form of love for the All, which is possible to recognize only with a philosophy of nature that is able to show the “unprethinkable” ground of being and its eternal dynamics as potential potentiae. Only on the basis of this potentia potentiae of the “unprethinkable” past, the “coming event” of the future becomes possible, as well as that renewed relation between time and being, which permits a new beginning for Western philosophy.

scholarly journals Why Kant is a Weak Conceptualist

Problemos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Ruslanas Baranovas
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The question whether Kant is a conceptualist has attracted significant attention of Kant scholars in recent decades. I present all three dominant positions in the debate (strong conceptualism, weak conceptualism, nonconceptualism) and argue that strong conceptualism and nonconceptualism are less plausible interpretations of Kant’s philosophy. I argue that the first cannot explain Kant’s commitments related to the incongruents, animals, and infants. The second one, meanwhile, cannot explain Kant’s argument on causation against Hume. At the end of the paper, I try to show that the key to a plausible and convincing interpretation of Kant as a weak conceptualist is the distinction between categories and empirical concepts.

scholarly journals Victims of Parental Kidnappings in Light of Polish Criminal Law (Based on the Results of Case Law Research)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Diana Dajnowicz-Piesiecka
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Parental Kidnapping ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] This paper concerns the victims of parental abductions in Poland. The aim of the article is to present the victims of parental abductions in the light of the Polish criminal case law. The study has an empirical character because it presents the results of research carried out using a criminal case law analysis. The study included 59 criminal cases concerning the parental kidnapping of a child. The research revealed that the Polish law treats the person from whom the child was kidnapped as a victim of parental kidnapping. Interestingly, the child is not considered a victim. Based on the research, a conclusion was formulated that parental abductions are not only the result of disputes between the parents of a child, but that children can also be abducted from the care of other people, for example, the directors of orphanages or grandparents who look after the children. This article argues that parental abductions are not only a problem for families but also for institutions professionally involved in childcare.

scholarly journals The Translation Scene in Latvia (Latvian SSR) during the Stalinist Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 76-99
Author(s):  
Andrejs Veisbergs
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Extensive List ◽  
Article Abstract

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] In this paper the author continues to explore the translation scene in 20th century Latvia (Veisbergs 2016a). The period under discussion covers 1945–1953, the years of Stalin’s rule after WWII until his death in 1953. The translation situation is described by discussing nationalisation and centralisation of publishers, book liquidation, censorship, ideologisation and politicisation, russification, Latvian émigré translations and other aspects of importance in an attempt to present the translation scene of the period from different angles. At the end of the article an extensive list of references is provided that can serve as an initial bibliography for more extensive research of translation practices in Latvia and beyond.

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