scholarly journals Cybernetics and Technology of Development. Basic Definitions

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
Yuriy L. Sheredeko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Management ◽  
Systems Ecology ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Basic Concepts

Cybernetic research on the management of systems development is at an early stage: there are no examples of productive management of development of the state, economy, enterprise, technical systems, ecology, society, education, morality, health, intelligence, personality, psyche. For modern cybernetics, these challenges are a major challenge that it can meet only after rethinking its fundamentals. The development process has the highest cost of decision-making error, because it is strategic, and to base development on the basis of dubious statements is not rational. A necessary foundation of development management methodology should be a self-evident statement that does not require any additional justification and that no one can question, and the whole system of basic concepts should be defined based on this statement. This article is devoted to solving this problem.

scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВА ЯК ВІДКРИТОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ

World Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (12(40)) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Роман Іванов
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic System ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Household Behavior ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Basic Concepts

At macro and microeconomic levels, household behavior is usually analyzed within the framework of such basic concepts: neoclassicism, institutionalism, and behaviorism.It is noted that a household is a socio-economic object, which has such properties as integrity, hierarchy, integrability, openness, heterogeneity.The research analyzes the peculiarities of the economic behavior of a household as an open socio-economic system, which is formed on the macro level on the principles of organization and self-organization, and at the macro level, quasi-organization, self-organization and self- reflection.In this case, there are natural manifestations of a reflexive approach in cases where relations between elements of the socio-economic system are not relations of direct subordination. The indirect impact on the household's economic behavior on the part of the state is to translate the motives for decision-making. After all, reflexive management in contrast to the organization does not involve the presence of direct commands, instructions, demonstration of the pattern of behavior, but consists in the transfer of incentives for the desired solutions.At the same time, households can not only perceive differently the controlling influence, but also generate solutions that are not desirable from the standpoint of the state economy, which is multiplied in the conditions of the socio-economic crisis.

scholarly journals Management of Urban Development in The Southwest Region of the Adaptation to Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Minh Anh ◽  
Do Van Quan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Development Management ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Southwest Region

Urban development management is a global trend, and an urgent requirement in Vietnam today. In recent years, urban development in the southwestern region along the trend of adaptation to climate change has received the attention of the Party and the State; at the same time achieve certain results. However, the management of urban development in the southwestern region adapting to climate change is still inadequate, requiring more robust, systematic and synchronized measures in the development process and urban management in the Southwest region.

scholarly journals Historical aspects of the traditional development of socio-technical systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Tatiana Moiseeva ◽  
Yuri Myatishkin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Development And Management

The development of socio-technical systems is an important factor determining the state of the country's economy as a whole. There are two possible ways of socio-technical systems development. The first way is traditional development, and the second is innovative one. Traditional development is based on the usual forms of management. It is based on the principles of bureaucratic management, hierarchical structures building, single-handed management decisions-making and responsibility for their implementation. Innovative development is based on new management principles that are fundamentally different from the existing ones. Today the traditional development and management are dominating. In order to understand how to overcome the traditional path of development, it’s necessary to study how the traditional management was built in the historical context.

scholarly journals Interdependencies Within the System of Objectives of a Product Generation in Industrial Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1194
Author(s):  
Albert Albers ◽  
Natalie Peglow ◽  
Markus Spadinger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Automotive Supplier ◽  
Product Generation ◽  
Scenario Technique ◽  
Conflicting Goals

AbstractOne challenge in product development is the megatrend of product individualization in the automotive supplier industry. Requirements for a variant by the customer may differ from those by the provider wherefore conflicting goals can arise. To cope with variant requests in the quotation phase systematically, a method to evaluate variants is necessary. Based on evaluation criteria the requirements from the stakeholders are valued. While evaluating, an already criterion can have an impact on assessing the remaining criteria. For this reason, the present investigation emphases the interdependencies between the evaluation criteria in industrial practice representing interdependencies within goals, requirements and boundary conditions in an early stage of product development. Analysing decisive factors supports to identify subsequent activities in the development process of a variant. Experts of an international automotive supplier developed impact matrices and a scenario technique tool is used to interpret the matrices. In context of the model of PGE - Product Generation Engineering, findings derive to ensure a comprehensive basis for decision-making concerning a variant-request.

scholarly journals Archimate-Based Approach to Requirements Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-850
Author(s):  
K. Gaydamaka
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Requirements Engineering ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Engineering Method ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Complex Technical Systems ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Systems Requirements ◽  
Developing System

Requirements engineering represents the most crucial stage in the complex systems development process. Contemporary methods of requirements engineering assume a wide application of models (described, for example, with such languages as SysML or OPM), which allows to ensure the consistency and completeness of the system descriptions. The article assesses the applicability of the Archimate language to support the process of requirements engineering when creating complex technical systems. Requirements engineering method for complex technical systems, suitable for models described by the Archimate language is proposed. Detailed example demonstrating the proposed method when developing system requirements is given. The limitations of the Archimate language applicability for the engineering of systems of various classes are described.

Abstraction: An alternative neurocognitive account of recognition, prediction, and decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie F. Reyna ◽  
David A. Broniatowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Technical Systems

Abstract Gilead et al. offer a thoughtful and much-needed treatment of abstraction. However, it fails to build on an extensive literature on abstraction, representational diversity, neurocognition, and psychopathology that provides important constraints and alternative evidence-based conceptions. We draw on conceptions in software engineering, socio-technical systems engineering, and a neurocognitive theory with abstract representations of gist at its core, fuzzy-trace theory.

Minimizing Missed Opportunities: Modeling Relationships between the State and Business in Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
A. Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Power Domination ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Optimal Outcomes

Power involves a number of models of choice: maximizing, satisficing, coercion, and minimizing missed opportunities. The latter is explored in detail and linked to a particular type of power, domination by virtue of a constellation of interests. It is shown that domination by virtue of a constellation of interests calls for justification through references to a common good, i.e. a rent to be shared between Principal and Agent. Two sources of sub-optimal outcomes are compared: individual decision-making and interactions. Interactions organized in the form of power relationships lead to sub-optimal outcomes for at least one side, Agent. Some empirical evidence from Russia is provided for illustrative purposes.

Institutionalism: Theory, Decision-making Basis, Method of Criticism

2009 ◽  
pp. 110-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moskovsky
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Technological Imperative ◽  
Logical Inconsistency ◽  
Basis Method

The author analyzes the state of institutional economics in contemporary Russia. It is characterized by arbitrary confusion of the ideas of «old», «new» and «mathematical» versions of institutionalism which results in logical inconsistency and even eclectics to be observed in the literature. The new and mathematical versions of institutionalism are shown to be based on legal, political and mathematical determinism tightly connected with the so-called «economic approach» (G. Becker). The main attention is paid to the discussion of theoretical and practical potential of the contemporary classical («old») institutionalism. The author focuses on its philosophical grounds and its technological imperative, the institution of science, the method of criticism, the opportunity of using classical institutionalist ideas as the ideology of economic reforms in Russia.

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