scholarly journals Helminth Diversity in Teleost Fishes from the Area of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky”, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica

Zoodiversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
T. A. Kuzmina ◽  
I. V. Dykyy ◽  
O. O. Salganskij ◽  
O. I. Lisitsyna ◽  
E. M. Korol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Monitoring studies of the species diversity in marine ecosystems provide important data on ecological changes caused by global warming and anthropogenic influence. The present work was aimed to analyze the species diversity of the helminths parasitic in teleost fishes inhabiting the area near the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky” (Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica). During April–January of 2014–2015 and 2019–2020, 156 specimens of six fish species (Notothenia coriiceps, N. rossii, Chaenocephalus aceratus, Parachaenichthys charcoti,Trematomus bernacchii, and Harpagifer antarcticus) were examined. Totally, 21,166 specimens of 31 helminth species were collected and assigned to five taxonomic groups: Monogenea (1 species), Digenea (10), Nematoda (5), Cestoda (4), and Acanthocephala (11). Twenty-six helminth species were found in N. coriiceps, 14 in N. rossii, 27 in P. charcoti, 23 in Ch. aceratus, 16 in T. bernacchii, and six in H. antarcticus. Larval stages of anisakid nematodes prevailed in the helminth community of Ch. aceratus (66 %) and P. charcoti (40 %), while other fish species were mostly infected with acanthocephalans,trematodes and cestodes. The present data on the species diversity of helminth communities can be used as a baseline for long-term monitoring studies of fish parasites in the region of the Argentine Islands.

scholarly journals Phytopathogenic micromycetes associated with conifers in Middle Siberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-151
Author(s):  
В.А. Сенашова ◽  
Е.А. Шилкина ◽  
И.Е. Сафронова
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Middle Siberia ◽  
Long Term Studies ◽  
Pathogenic Micromycetes

Микроорганизмы, ассоциированные с растениями, в том числе хвойными, играют важную роль в их жизни, формируя микробные сообщества филлосферы, ризопланы и ризосферы. Условно состав таких комплексов можно разделить на патогенную и сапротрофную части. Знание видового разнообразия патогенов, вызывающих заболевания сеянцев и саженцев хвойных, крайне необходимо специалистам сферы лесовозобновления для коррекции агротехнических мероприятий и контроля качества посадочного материала. Цель данных исследований - изучение видового разнообразия патогенных микромицетов хвойных на территории Средней Сибири как в искусственных, так и естественных насаждениях. Применялись классические и современные методы идентификации патогенов. Приводятся данные по видовому составу патогенных микромицетов хвойных за последние 10 лет. Многолетние исследования видового разнообразия микромицетов хвойных на территории Средней Сибири выявили представителей 36 родов, относящихся к различным систематическим группам: Lophodermium Chevall., Lophodermella Höhn., Cyclaneusma DiCosmo, Peredo et Minte, Gremmenia Korf., Hypodermella Tubeuf, Lirula Darker, Sarea Fr., Herpotrichia Fucke, Gremmeniella M. Morelet, Coleosporium Lév., Chrysomyxa Unger, Melampsora Castagne, Melampsorella J. Schröt., Pucciniastrum G.H. Otth., Cronartium Fr., Typhula (Pers.) Fr., Mucor Fresen., Rhizosphaera L. Mangin et Har, Pestalotia De Not., Sclerophoma Höhn. (телеоморфа - Sydowia Bres.), Stagonospora (Sacc.) Sacc. (= Hendersonia Berk.), Lecanosticta Syd., Dothistroma Hulbary, Fusarium Link, Meria Vuill. (телеоморфа - Rhabdocline Syd.), Phoma Sacc., Didymella Sacc., Alternaria Nees, Cladosporium Link, Rhizoctonia DC., Botrytis P. Micheli ex Pers., Septorioides Quaedvl., Verkley et Crous, Epicoccum Link, Trichothecium Link., Verticillium Nees., Cylindrocarpon Wollenw. (телеоморфа - Neonectria Wollenw). Идентифицированные патогены вызывают преждевременную гибель ассимиляционного аппарата, нарушают деятельность корневой и проводящих систем, снижают качество семян хвойных растений. Microorganisms associated with plants, including conifers, play an important role in their life, forming microbial communities of the phyllosphere, rhizoplane, and rhizosphere. Conventionally, the composition of such complexes can be divided into pathogenic and saprotrophic parts. For specialists involved in reforestation, the knowledge of the species diversity of pathogens that cause diseases of seedlings of conifers is essential for correcting agrotechnical measures and controlling the quality of planting material. The goal of this research is to study the species diversity of pathogenic micromycetes of conifers in the Middle Siberia territory, both in artificial and natural plantings. Such long-term studies found representatives of 36 genera belonging to different taxonomic groups: Lophodermium Chevall., Lophodermella Höhn., Cyclaneusma DiCosmo, Peredo et Minte, Gremmenia Korf., Hypodermella Tubeuf, Lirula Darker, Sarea Fr., Herpotrichia Fucke , Gremmeniella M. Morelet, Coleosporium Lév., Chrysomyxa Unger, Melampsora Castagne, Melampsorella J. Schröt., Pucciniastrum G.H. Otth., Cronartium Fr., Typhula (Pers.) Fr., Mucor Fresen., Rhizosphaera L. Mangin et Har, Pestalotia De Not., Sclerophoma Höhn. (teleomorph - Sydowia Bres.), Stagonospora (Sacc.) Sacc. (= Hendersonia Berk.), Lecanosticta Syd., Dothistroma Hulbary, Meria Vuill.( teleomorph- Rhabdocline Syd.), Phoma Sacc., Didymella Sacc., Alternaria Nees, Cladosporium Link, Rhizoctonia DC., Botrytis P. Micheli ex Pers., Septorioides Quaedvl., Verkley et Crous, Epicoccum Link, Trichothecium Link., Cylindrocarpon Wollenw. (teleomorph - Neonectria Wollenw). The identified pathogens cause premature death of the assimilation apparatus, disrupt the activity of the root and vascular systems, and reduce the quality of coniferous plants seeds.

scholarly journals Fauna of parasite of cyprinids and percoids in the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
N. N. Romanova ◽  
N. A. Golovina ◽  
A. A. Vishtorskaya ◽  
P. P. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The purpose of the research is determination of the species composition of parasites of cyprinid and percoid fish in the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal.Materials and methods. In 2019–2020, parasitological material was collected in the spring, summer and autumn from percoid (the pike perch and European perch) and cyprinid fish (the bream, silver bream, roach, rudd and sabrefish) aged 2 to 7 years from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal (Ikshinsky, Pestovsky, Pyalovsky and Klyazminsky Reservoirs) by the methods generally accepted in ichthyo-parasitology. To quantify the fish infection rate, we used the incidence or prevalence of infection, the intensity of infection, and the mean amplitude of the intensity of infection. We used Kabiosh index (K) to assess the species diversity of parasites. Results and discussion. The parasitological analysis results of percoids and cyprinids from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal are presented. 34 parasite species were found in fish, which belong to nine taxonomic groups: Microsporidia, Myxosporea, Monogenea, Cestoda, Trematoda, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Hirudinea, Crustacea. The largest number of species belongs to trematodes, the rest, taxa (mixo- and microsporidia, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, leeches and parasitic crustaceans), are represented singly. We calculated the species diversity ratio (R) of fish parasites in the reservoirs, which ranged from 0.335 to 0.575, which indicates the fauna similarity from 50 to 75%. The greatest similarity in the parasite fauna was found in the roach (R = 0.168–0.447), the least in the European perch (R = 0.447–1.0). We have identified the dominant species that are found in more than 20% of the studied fish and determine the “core” of the parasitic fauna, which included 4 parasite species of epizootic and 1 parasite species of epidemiological significance.

scholarly journals Characterization of the acoustic community of vocal fishes in the Azores

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Carriço ◽  
Mónica A. Silva ◽  
Gui M. Meneses ◽  
Paulo J. Fonseca ◽  
Maria Clara P. Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Passive Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Fish Sounds ◽  
Acoustic Community ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
Conservation And Management

Sounds produced by teleost fishes are an important component of marine soundscapes, making passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) an effective way to map the presence of vocal fishes with a minimal impact on ecosystems. Based on a literature review, we list the known soniferous fish species occurring in Azorean waters and compile their sounds. We also describe new fish sounds recorded in Azores seamounts. From the literature, we identified 20 vocal fish species present in Azores. We analysed long-term acoustic recordings carried out since 2008 in Condor and Princesa Alice seamounts and describe 20 new putative fish sound sequences. Although we propose candidates as the source of some vocalizations, this study puts into evidence the myriad of fish sounds lacking species identification. In addition to identifying new sound sequences, we provide the first marine fish sound library for Azores. Our acoustic library will allow to monitor soniferous fish species for conservation and management purposes.

Transition to an alternate state in a continental shelf ecosystem

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae S Choi ◽  
Kenneth T Frank ◽  
William C Leggett ◽  
Ken Drinkwater
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Flow Through

The collapse of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stocks in the northwest Atlantic Ocean ranks among the most dramatic and widely known ecological changes of the 20th century. Less widely known are the systemic changes that occurred within these areas prior to and coincident with the cod collapse. Our analysis of a fishery-independent, long-term, standardized database collected on the eastern Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia revealed that during the past four decades, coherent, community-level reductions in body size, biomass, and physiological condition have occurred in the resident demersal fish species. The changes occurred over large spatial (>104 km2) and short temporal (<10 years) scales, suggesting a progressive decline in the nature and extent of the energy flow through the benthic system. The unexpected and persistent poor condition of a variety of morphologically and functionally dissimilar demersal fish species, living in an environment of reduced intra- and inter-specific competition, suggests a decoupling of the benthic– pelagic systems. This decoupling appears to be attributable to a cascading series of processes involving the cumulative removal of biomass resulting from commercial fishing, compensatory and self-stabilizing increases in pelagic fish biomass, and a decline in groundfish productivity exacerbated by decadal scale variability in water temperature and stratification.

Characterization and evolution of spearfishing in Madeira archipelago, Eastern Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Roi Martínez-Escauriaza ◽  
Claudio Vieira ◽  
Lídia Gouveia ◽  
Nuno Gouveia ◽  
Margarida Hermida
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
The North ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
First Time

Data obtained from licenses of spearfishers and surveys conducted in 2004 and 2017 allowed for the analysis, for the first time, of the practice of spearfishing in the Madeira archipelago. Only a small percentage of the population practices spearfishing, mostly local young men. Most of them practice the activity with a partner throughout most of the year and along most of the island's coastal areas, although preferentially along the North and Southeast coast. Results show how, in recent years, despite the population of spearfishers decreasing, the abundance in the annual catch potentially increased, probably due to the higher investment of time in this activity. It has been observed that many fishers complement their catches with manual collecting of invertebrates. Overall, 40 teleost fishes and also 4 crustaceans and 8 molluscs were identified. The most frequently captured fish species were parrotfish and white seabream, while limpets were the most collected invertebrates in both selected periods.

SEEDING DENSITY OF DIFFERENT FISH SPECIES IN POLYCULTURE

2017 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Yuriy Borisovich Lvov
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Trophic Preferences ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
Practical Progress

The article touches upon the principles, biological basics and practical progress of introduction of specific and age polyculture of fishes. Using the results of the analysis of literary and long-term native data, there has been offered the gradation of 12 fish species from different families by resistance to habitat conditions. Crucian ( Carassius gibelio ) has been chosen as the most sustainable object of cultivation. There has been taken an attempt to calculate the number of seeding different fish species in polyculture taking into account their physiological features is made. Subject to specific physiological features of the studied species, there was carried out recalculation of their natural reproductive performance in different fish-breeding zones, which is traditionally carried out for a carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). In particular, in the second fish-breeding zone with area of 1 hectare it is possible to breed 120 kg of carp, or 150 kg of crucian, or 75 kg of silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys ). Overall productivity is made up of a share of fishes in polyculture, but taking into account tolerance of species, it can be lower than productivity calculated for carp. The method of calculation and formulas which give the chance to determine seeding density of fish species for breeding in polyculture have been offered. This technique makes it possible to use trophic preferences and consider tolerance of each species to the conditions of breeding areas.

Enhanced Seasonal Exchange of CO2 by Northern Ecosystems Since 1960

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 341 (6150) ◽  
pp. 1085-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Graven ◽  
R. F. Keeling ◽  
S. C. Piper ◽  
P. K. Patra ◽  
B. B. Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Global Carbon

Seasonal variations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Northern Hemisphere have increased since the 1950s, but sparse observations have prevented a clear assessment of the patterns of long-term change and the underlying mechanisms. We compare recent aircraft-based observations of CO2 above the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans to earlier data from 1958 to 1961 and find that the seasonal amplitude at altitudes of 3 to 6 km increased by 50% for 45° to 90°N but by less than 25% for 10° to 45°N. An increase of 30 to 60% in the seasonal exchange of CO2 by northern extratropical land ecosystems, focused on boreal forests, is implicated, substantially more than simulated by current land ecosystem models. The observations appear to signal large ecological changes in northern forests and a major shift in the global carbon cycle.

scholarly journals Long-Term Monitoring Reveals Differential Responses of Mussel and Host Fish Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Irene Sanchez Gonzalez ◽  
Garrett W. Hopper ◽  
Jamie Bucholz ◽  
Carla L. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Life History ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Differential Responses ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Term Monitoring

Biodiversity hotspots can serve as protected areas that aid in species conservation. Long-term monitoring of multiple taxonomic groups within biodiversity hotspots can offer insight into factors influencing their dynamics. Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and fish are highly diverse and imperiled groups of organisms with contrasting life histories that should influence their response to ecological factors associated with local and global change. Here we use historical and contemporary fish and mussel survey data to assess fish and mussel community changes over a 33 year period (1986–2019) and relationships between mussel abundance and their host fish abundance in Bogue Chitto Creek, a tributary of the Alabama River and a biodiversity hotspot. Mussel abundance declined by ~80% and community composition shifted, with eight species previously recorded not found in 2019, and a single individual of the endangered Pleurobema decisum. Fish abundances increased and life history strategies in the community appeared stable and there was no apparent relationship between mussel declines and abundance of host fish. Temporal variation in the proportion of life history traits composing mussel assemblages was also indicative of the disturbances specifically affecting the mussel community. However, changes and declines in mussel assemblages in Bogue Chitto Creek cannot be firmly attributed to any specific factor or events because of gaps in historical environmental and biological data. We believe that mobility differences contributed to differential responses of fish and mussel communities to stressors including habitat degradation, recent droughts and invasive species. Overall, our work indicates that monitoring biodiversity hotspots using hydrological measurements, standardized survey methods and monitoring invasive species abundance would better identify the effects of multiple and interactive stressors that impact disparate taxonomic groups in freshwater ecosystems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document