URINARY EXCRETION OF COPROPORPHYRIN BY CHILDREN DURING AND AFTER ACUTE STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-730
Author(s):  
John T. Galambos
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The 24-hour urinary excretion of coproporphyrin was measured in three groups of children. Group I consisted of 88 children with acute scarlet fever, hospitalized in Providence, Rhode Island, during an epidemic in the spring of 1957. Single 24-hour specimens of urine were obtained during the first or second week of illness. Group II was composed of 54 children with sporadic streptococcal pharyngitis seen by private pediatricians in Atlanta, Georgia. Urinary excretions of coproporphyrin were measured during the acute illness and at weekly intervals thereafter. Group III included 21 children with nonstreptococcal pharyngitis. Acute streptococcal infection usually is not associated with a significantly increased rate of urinary excretion of coproporphyrin in children who do not develop subsequent acute rheumatic fever. A greater rate of urinary excretion of coproporphyrin by boys than by girls was significant at the 1% level of confidence.

THE EFFECT OF TONSILLECTOMY ON THE INCIDENCE OF STREPTOCOCCAL RESPIRATORY DISEASE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-367
Author(s):  
Robert Chamovitz ◽  
Charles H. Rammelkamp ◽  
Lewis W. Wannamaker ◽  
Floyd W. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Streptococcal Infections

A population of military men with acute streptococcal respiratory infections (diagnosis established by clinical, bacteriologic and serologic studies) was investigated. Evidence is presented indicating that individuals who have had a tonsillectomy are neither more nor less susceptible to acute streptococcal infections of the respiratory tract. Once individuals acquire a streptococcal infection, the clinical course of the acute illness is not modified appreciably by the presence or absence of the tonsils. However, if antibiotic therapy is withheld, suppurative complications occur less frequently in those patients who have had their tonsils removed. Tonsillectomy did not alter significantly the attack rate of acute rheumatic fever as a sequel of streptococcal infections, nor did it reduce significantly the development of valvular heart disease in patients with acute rheumatic fever. Moreover, it appears that streptococcal infections are less readily recognized in tonsillectomized patients and, therefore, are more likely to escape treatment appropriate for the prevention of rheumatic fever.

EVALUATION OF THE STREPTOCOCCAL DESOXYRIBO-NUCLEASE B AND DIPHOSPHOPYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDASE ANTIBODY TESTS IN ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER AND ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-538
Author(s):  
Elia M. Ayoub ◽  
Lewis W. Wannamaker
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Streptococcal Antigens ◽  
Anti Body ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Normal Controls

Antibody titers for two recently described streptococcal antigens, desoxyribonuclease B (DNase B) and diphosphopyridine nucleotidase (DPNase) have been compared with antistreptolysin O (ASO) titers in patients with acute rheumatic fever, in patients with acute nephritis, and in normal controls. Like the ASO, elevated titers for the two new antibodies are commonly found in patients with complications of streptococcal infections. The titers for anti-DPNase tend to be higher in acute nephritis than in acute rheumatic fever. These two new anti-body tests are particularly useful in providing evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection in those patients with manifestations of acute rheumatic fever or acute nephritis who fail to show an elevated ASO titer.

EFFECT OF AUREOMYCIN TREATMENT OF STREPTOCOCCAL SORE THROAT ON THE STREPTOCOCCAL CARRIER STATE, THE IMMUNOLOGIC RESPONSE OF THE HOST, AND THE INCIDENCE OF ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-606
Author(s):  
HAROLD B. HOUSER ◽  
GEORGE C. ECKHARDT ◽  
EDWARD O. HAHN ◽  
FLOYD W. DENNY ◽  
LEWIS W. WANNAMAKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Penicillin Therapy ◽  
Treatment Data

A total of 1,009 patients with exudative tonsillitis or pharyngitis, predominantly streptococcal in etiology, was treated with aureomycin hydrochloride. A control group of 1,035 patients received no aureomycin. An illness classified as definite or possible rheumatic fever subsequently developed in 20 patients who had received aureomycin and in 29 who had received no treatment. Data collected on rheumatic subjects indicated that when the interval between the onset of the observed attack of exudative tonsillitis or pharyngitis and the onset of rheumatic fever exceeded 35 days, an intervening streptococcal infection had occurred. Five patients in the treated group and 20 in the control group developed rheumatic fever within a 35 day interval. These data indicated that aureomycin therapy greatly reduces the subsequent occurrence of rheumatic fever. Aureomycin therapy was also found to eradicate the streptococcus from the oropharynx in a large number of instances and to inhibit the formation of antistreptolysin. The degree of inhibition of antistreptolysin formation was shown to correlate with the eradication of the streptococci from the oropharynx. When bacteriologic relapse occurred following cessation of aureomycin therapy, the degree of inhibition of antistreptolysin production was low. Aureomycin therapy of streptococcal infections was compared to penicillin therapy of such infections. It was shown that penicillin was more effective in eradicating streptococci, decreasing antistreptolysin formation, and preventing rheumatic fever. Penicillin, therefore, is the drug of choice.

Contribution of renal sympathetic nerves to the urinary excretion of norepinephrine

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodnhy W. Lappe ◽  
David P. Henry ◽  
Lynn R. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Tubular Secretion ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
Renal Nerve ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Renal Nerve Activity ◽  
Renal Sympathetic ◽  
Stimulation Of

Increased activity of the renal sympathetic nerves may result in increased urinary excretion of norepinephrine (NE). In the present study, unilateral electrical stimulation of the renal nerves of the rabbit was employed to test this hypothesis. Stimulation of the renal nerves to one kidney at 2 Hz (group I) produced no significant alteration of plasma NE concentration, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or NE excretion by either kidney. Stimulation at 4 Hz (group II) caused statistically significant reductions of GFR and urine flow in experimental kidneys, but the urinary excretion of NE, per millilitre GFR, and the CNE/GFR ratios were significantly greater than prestimulation values. In another group of animals (group III), an inhibitor of cation-specific tubular transport, cyanine 863 (6 mg/kg, i.v.), significantly reduced the prestimulation urinary excretion of NE by 60–70% when compared with that of groups I or II. Stimulation of the renal nerves (4 Hz) in the animals of group III caused a significant reduction in GFR in the experimental kidney but did not alter the urinary excretion of NE or the CNE/GFR ratios. The results of these studies indicate that an increase in renal nerve activity causes an increase in the urinary excretion of NE, and that tubular secretion is responsible for the excretion of the neuronally released catecholamine.

Inefficacy of a 3-day course of azithromycin in preventing acute rheumatic fever after group A streptococcal infection (scarlet fever) in an 8-year-old child

1999 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ghirga ◽  
Carlo Palazzi ◽  
Paolo Ghirga ◽  
Gino Turchetti ◽  
Arianna Turchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Antioxidant enzymes activity, GSH and MDA level in eggs from heritage breeds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Muchacka ◽  
Ewa Sosnówka-Czajka ◽  
Iwona Skomorucha ◽  
Edyta Kapusta ◽  
Agnieszka Greń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Range Test

The objective of the study was to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the level of GSH and MDA in yolk and albumen of hen’s eggs. The experiment was carried out with 99 hens of three heritage breeds (‘Greenleg Partridge’ – group I, ‘Sussex’ – group II, ‘Rhode Island Red’ – group III). Layers were reared in the litter system and had outdoor access. Birds were fed ad libitum standard diets based on concentrates for laying hens and had free access to water throughout the experiment. All the groups were managed under uniform environmental (air humidity and temperature, lighting programme) and feeding conditions. At 48 weeks of age, 6 eggs from each group were collected. In the samples of egg yolks and albumens the concentration of GSH and MDA, and activity of SOD, GPx and CAT were estimated. The results were statistically analysed by one-way analysis of variance and significant differences were estimated with Duncan’s multiple range test. The highest activity of SOD, the highest level of GSH and the lowest level of MDA were characterised by eggs from ‘Sussex’ hens, which may indicate their best quality. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (mainly SOD) and the levels of GSH and MDA which occur in eggs may depend on the breed of hens.

scholarly journals The Effects of Strain and Caponisation on Carcass and Meat Traits of Cockerels Aged Twenty Weeks

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1227-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Adamski ◽  
Joanna Kuźniacka ◽  
Mirosław Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
The Other ◽  
V Protein ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract The analysis of slaughter yield and meat quality was performed on a total number of 96 birds from four medium-heavy weight pedigree strains. Based on their strain, cockerels were divided into the following groups: group I - strain N88 (originating from New Hampshire), group II - strain R55 (Rhode Island Red), group III - strain S11 (Sussex) and group IV - strain P55 (Plymouth Rock). Each group consisted of 24 birds. At 12 weeks of age, half of the cockerels from each group was caponised. In total, 48 birds were caponised (12 birds in each strain). Based on the strain, capons were then divided into groups V (N88), VI (R55), VII (S11) and VIII (P55). It was noted that the strain and caponisation had influence on differences in such traits as the weight of eviscerated carcass with neck and slaughter yield. On the other hand, it was observed that caponisation did not affect significantly the total weight, percentage share of breast and drumstick muscles in carcasses of birds from analysed strains. No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of physicochemical properties of meat. The highest content of water in breast and drumstick muscles was observed among cockerels and capons from strain N88 (groups I and V). Protein content in cockerels’ breast muscles differed depending on their strain whilst among capons (groups V-VIII) it was similar. It was also noted that capons originating from strains S11 (VII) and P55 (VIII) stood out significantly with higher fat content in breast muscles compared to cockerels from the same strain (groups III and IV). The effect of caponisation on higher fat content in drumstick muscles was confirmed in all observed groups. Capons from all strains had more fat in drumstick muscles compared to cockerels of the same origin.

Ultrastructural Lesions Produced by Alcohol and Sucrose in the Heart and Liver of C57BL Mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
K.K. SEKHRI ◽  
C.S. ALEXANDER ◽  
H.T. NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Alcohol Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Group Ii

C57BL male mice (Jackson Lab., Bar Harbor, Maine) weighing about 18 gms were randomly divided into three groups: group I was fed sweetened liquid alcohol diet (modified Schenkl) in which 36% of the calories were derived from alcohol; group II was maintained on a similar diet but alcohol was isocalorically substituted by sucrose; group III was fed regular mouse chow ad lib for five months. Liver and heart tissues were fixed in 2.5% cacodylate buffered glutaraldehyde, post-fixed in 2% osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon-araldite.

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