NEUROBLASTOMA SYMPATHETICUM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1191
Author(s):  
Robert E. Gross ◽  
Sidney Farber ◽  
Lester W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Total Excision ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Progressive Improvement ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Bony Metastases ◽  
The Many ◽  
Aggressive Attack ◽  
Cure Rates

The treatment of patients with neuroblastoma does not lie solely in the province of a single specialty; it requires cooperation of pediatrician, surgeon, radiologist and tumor therapist. It is essential that they all be aware of the unique characteristics of this particular tumor if optimum results are to be obtained. The many factors found to influence the prognosis for a child with neuroblastoma are discussed. In those cases wherein there are no demonstrable metastases, the treatment of choice consists of total excision, followed by local x-ray irradiation; this has resulted in a cure rate of 88%. In those cases wherein total excision is not possible, partial surgical removal followed by x-ray irradiation and tumor chemotherapy has given a cure rate of 64%. In those cases where only biopsy has been performed, x-ray irradiation and chemotherapy has still given a salvage, with a cure rate of 38%. When there are metastases to the liver alone, about two-thirds of babies can be cured by x-ray therapy. Whenever bony metastases have appeared in any case, the prognosis is extremely poor, and it is rare for such an individual to survive, regardless of the form of therapy. An aggressive attack on neuroblastoma in infancy and childhood, combining sungeny, x-ray irradiation and tumor chemotherapy, has shown a progressive improvement in results. During the period 1950-1957, cure rates have risen to 36.7% for all patients entering the hospital, regardless of age of the patient on extent of the neoplasm. For babies under a year of age, cures have occurred in 56%, and if there were no demonstrable metastases to bone at the time of hospitalization, the cures have been 70%.

scholarly journals Inadequate Efficacy of a New Formulation of Fosmidomycin-Clindamycin Combination in Mozambican Children Less than Three Years Old with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 2923-2928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Lanaspa ◽  
Cinta Moraleda ◽  
Sónia Machevo ◽  
Raquel González ◽  
Beatriz Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Poor Efficacy

ABSTRACTThe combination of fosmidomycin and clindamycin (F/C) is effective in adults and older children for the treatment of malaria and could be an important alternative to existing artemisinin-based combinations (ACTs) if proven to work in younger children. We conducted an open-label clinical trial to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of F/C for the treatment of uncomplicatedP. falciparummalaria in Mozambican children <3 years of age. Aqueous solutions of the drugs were given for 3 days, and the children were followed up for 28 days. The primary outcome was the PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response at day 28. Secondary outcomes included day 7 and 28 uncorrected cure rates and fever (FCT) and parasite (PCT) clearance times. Fifty-two children were recruited, but only 37 patients were evaluable for the primary outcome. Day 7 cure rates were high (94.6%; 35/37), but the day 28 PCR-corrected cure rate was 45.9% (17/37). The FCT was short (median, 12 h), but the PCT was longer (median, 72 h) than in previous studies. Tolerability was good, and most common adverse events were related to the recurrence of malaria. The poor efficacy observed for the F/C combination may be a consequence of the new formulations used, differential bioavailability in younger children, naturally occurring variations in parasite sensitivity to the drugs, or an insufficient enhancement of their effects by naturally acquired immunity in young children. Additional studies should be conducted to respond to the many uncertainties arising from this trial, which should not discourage further evaluation of this promising combination.

Lung Resection for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishen Naidoo ◽  
Anu Reddi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Resection ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Localized Disease ◽  
Cure Rates

The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis poses a serious challenge to traditional drug therapy. In view of the relapse rate of up to 50% following medical management, there has been renewed interest in the role of surgery for this problem. We report our experience with lung resection for this condition. Over a 5-year period, resection was performed in 23 patients who were diagnosed with multidrug resistance after completing a course of standard chemotherapy and at least 3 months of second-line therapy. Pneumonectomy was performed in 17 patients and lobectomy in 6. There was no operative or postoperative mortality. Major complications developed in 4 patients (17.4%): 2 had post-pneumonectomy empyema and 2 underwent rethoracotomy for bleeding. Ten patients were sputum positive preoperatively, and only 1 remained positive after surgery. The patients were put on appropriate chemotherapy and followed up for 18 months. The cure rate was 95.6%. Pulmonary resection can be considered as an important adjunct to medical therapy in carefully selected patients: those who have localized disease with adequate pulmonary reserve, or who have multiple previous relapses, or whose sputum remains positive after 4 to 6 months of appropriate medical treatment. Surgery offers high cure rates with acceptable morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the treatment of parapsoriasis with phototherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Alzira Gomes Duarte ◽  
Karen Levy Korkes ◽  
Vanessa Alice M. Amorim ◽  
Clarice Kobata ◽  
Roberta Buense ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
High Cure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cure Rates

Whether parapsoriasis represents an early stage of T-cell cutaneous lymphoma is still the subject of controversy. We evaluated the efficacy of phototherapy in the treatment of parapsoriasis and its relation with TCCL. Patients diagnosed with parapsoriasis and treated with phototherapy PUVA or UVB-NB were selected. Between 1 to 8 years following treatment the evolution of their disease was evaluated. In 62 patients the cure rate was 79.3% and 17.2% showed improvement of the lesions. Only two patients developed full blown T-cell cutaneous lymphoma. Phototherapy is an excellent treatment for parapsoriasis, with high cure rates, regardless of the type of phototherapy employed. Of the 62 patients under study, parapsoriasis showed no general tendency to progress to T-cell cutaneous lymphoma.

scholarly journals Intraosseous Odontoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-279
Author(s):  
Shadab Mohammad ◽  
Laxman R Malkunje ◽  
Nimisha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Patient Gender ◽  
Large Compound

ABSTRACT Odontomes show no gender predilection, and are most often diagnosed in the second decade of life. They are preferentially located in the upper maxilla, particularly in the anterior sector. Compound odontome are more prevalent than complex odontome, and show no predilection in terms of patient gender, age or location. We hereby report a case of large compound odontome in the mandibular angle region of a 55- year-old woman. Most such lesions are asymptomatic and constitute casual findings in X-ray studies indicated for other reasons. The most common clinical manifestations are absence of impacted teeth and the presence of a tumor. Treatment consists of surgical removal of the lesion. The prognosis is very good, with a scant tendency towards relapse.

scholarly journals Observation of microstructure change during freeze-drying by in-situ X-ray Computed Tomography

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuya Nakagawa ◽  
Shinri Tamiya ◽  
Shu Sakamoto ◽  
Gabsoo Do ◽  
Shinji Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Microstructure Formation ◽  
Microstructure Change ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Many

X-ray computed tomography technique was used to observe microstructure formation during freeze-drying. A specially designed vacuum freeze-drying stage was equipped at the X-ray CT stage, and the frozen and dried microstructures of dextrin solutions were successfully observed. It was confirmed that the many parts of the pore microstructures formed as a replica of the original ice microstructures, whereas some parts formed as a consequence of the dehydration dependent on the relaxation level of the glassy phases, suggesting that the post-freezing annealing is advantageous for avoiding quality loss that relates to the structural deformation of glassy matters. Keywords: freeze-drying; X-ray CT; ice microstructure; glassy state

scholarly journals Discovery of accretion-driven pulsations in the prolonged low X-ray luminosity state of the Be/X-ray transient GX 304–1

2018 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. L13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rouco Escorial ◽  
J. van den Eijnden ◽  
R. Wijnands
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Type I ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monitoring Campaign ◽  
Spin Period ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Many ◽  
Low X ◽  
Star Surface

We present our Swift monitoring campaign of the slowly rotating neutron star Be/X-ray transient GX 304–1 (spin period of ∼275 s) when the source was not in outburst. We found that between its type I outbursts, the source recurrently exhibits a slowly decaying low-luminosity state (with luminosities of 1034 − 35 erg s−1). This behaviour is very similar to what has been observed for another slowly rotating system, GRO J1008–57. For that source, this low-luminosity state has been explained in terms of accretion from a non-ionised (“cold”) accretion disc. Because of the many similarities between the two systems, we suggest that GX 304–1 enters a similar accretion regime between its outbursts. The outburst activity of GX 304–1 ceased in 2016. Our continued monitoring campaign shows that the source is in a quasi-stable low-luminosity state (with luminosities a few factors lower than previously seen) for at least one year now. Using our NuSTAR observation in this state, we found pulsations at the spin period, demonstrating that the X-ray emission is due to accretion of matter onto the neutron star surface. If the accretion geometry during this quasi-stable state is the same as during the cold-disc state, then matter indeed reaches the surface (as predicted) during this later state. We discuss our results in the context of the cold-disc accretion model.

scholarly journals Urachal mucinous cystic tumor of low malignant potential in a polymorbid female: a case report and review of the literature

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schmeusser ◽  
Joseph Wiedemer ◽  
Dana Obery ◽  
Kaila Buckley ◽  
Michael Yu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Cystic Tumor ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Mucinous Cystic Tumor ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Low Malignant Potential ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Cure Rates

AbstractNeoplasms of the urachus are exceedingly rare, representing 0.17% of all bladder cancers. The mucinous cystic tumor of low malignant potential (MCTLMP) subtype is particularly rare with just 25 previous cases reported in the literature. Although rare, MCTLMPs are important to identify due to potential devastating complications and good cure rates with surgical removal. We present a 43 year old female with a nuanced constellation of comorbidities and confirmed MCTLMP following a workup for abdominal pain and irritative lower urinary tract symptoms. Notably, this tumor did not change in size over a 3-year course of serial imaging prior to surgical excision. This urachal MCTLMP represents roughly the 26th and one of the smallest of its subtype reported in the literature. This case illustrates the diagnosis and management of this rare urachal MCTLMP. Individual patient medical history, clinical considerations, and neoplasm characteristics are examined. Although rare, the potential for increased malignancy and potential complications necessitates surgical management and further investigation by the academic community.

scholarly journals Patient-perceived factors contributing to low tuberculosis cure rate at Greater Giyani healthcare facilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandzumuni V. Maswanganyi ◽  
Rachel T. Lebese ◽  
Ntsieni S. Mashau ◽  
Lunic B. Khoza
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Cure Rates

Background: Compliance with tuberculosis (TB) treatment is unpredictable. Most patients do not comply because they do not see the importance of doing so, which is usually influenced by lack of knowledge.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the factors contributing to low TB cure rates in Greater Giyani Municipality, as viewed by patients.Method: The study was conducted in the Greater Giyani Municipality in Limpopo Province which had a TB cure rate ranging from 14% to 94%. The research design in this study was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The population consisted of all TB patients diagnosed and referred for treatment and care in Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select TB patients and health facilities which had a cure rate lower than the national target of 85%. One patient was sampled from each PHC facility. An in-depth face-to-face interview was used to collect data using an interview guide.Results: The findings showed that most of the TB patients come from poor families, which makes it difficult for them to obtain financial and food security. The health facilities often run out of food supplements and TB medicine. Cultural beliefs about TB also lead to TB patients seeking assistance from traditional health practitioners and faith-based healers.Conclusion: There is a need to have a policy regarding how discharged tuberculosis patients on treatment are supervised when at home. Healthcare facilities should also ensure that there is enough medication for these patients as lack of medication can lead them to default. Agtergrond: Dit is onmoontlik om te bepaal of pasiënte by hulle tuberkulosebehandeling gaan hou. Die meeste pasiënte hou nie daarby nie omdat hulle nie die belangrikheid daarvan insien nie.Doelwitte: Die doel van die studie was om die faktore wat in die Groter Giyani Munisipaliteit tot lae genesingskoerse onder TB-pasiënte lei, te ondersoek en te beskryf, soos deur pasiënte gesien.Metode: Die studie is in die Groter Giyani Munisipaliteit in die Limpopo Provinsie gehou, waar die genesingskoers vir TB tussen 14% en 94% is. Die navorsing in hierdie studie was kwalitatief, verkennend, beskrywend en kontekstueel van aard. Die populasie het bestaan uit alle gediagnoseerde TB-pasiënte wat vir behandeling en sorg na primêre gesondheidsorgfasiliteite verwys is. Nie-waarskynlikheid, doelgerigte steekproefneming is gebruik om TB-pasiënte en gesondheidsfasiliteite te kies wat ’n laer genesingskoers as die nasionale doelwit van 85% het. Een pasiënt uit elke primêre gesondheidsorgfasiliteit is by die steekproef ingesluit. ‘n Diepgaande persoonlike onderhoud is gebruik om data met behulp van ‘n onderhoudgids in te samel.Resultate: Die bevindinge toon dat die meeste van die TB-pasiënte uit arm gesinne kom, wat dit vir hulle moeilik maak om finansiële en voedselsekerheid te hê. Die gesondheidsfasiliteite se voedselaanvullings en TB-medisyne raak dikwels op. Kulturele oortuigings oor TB lei ook daartoe dat TB-pasiënte by tradisionele gesondheidsorgpraktisyns en geloofsgebaseerde genesers hulp soek.Gevolgtrekking: Dit is nodig dat ‘n beleid oor toesig oor die behandeling van ontslaande TB-pasiënte wat tuis aansterk, opgestel word. Gesondheidsorgfasiliteite behoort ook seker te maak dat daar genoeg medisyne vir hierdie pasiënte is, aangesien ‘n gebrek aan medisyne daartoe kan lei dat die pasiënte ophou om hulle medikasie te gebruik.

Karnofsky Memorial Lecture. Marrow transplantation for malignant diseases.

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 517-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
E D Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Unrelated Donors ◽  
First Remission ◽  
Acute Nonlymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cure Rates

Marrow grafting, once undertaken only after failure of all other forms of therapy, is now the preferred therapy for some malignant diseases. Chemoradiotherapy and marrow grafting for patients with acute leukemia who have failed chemotherapy results in cure rates of 10%-30%. For patients under the age of 50 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia transplanted in first remission, the cure rate is approximately 50% with better results in younger patients. Marrow grafting is now being explored in a variety of types of malignant diseases having in common a steep dose-response curve to therapy, therapy limited by marrow toxicity, and the availability of a suitable marrow donor. Current research in the field of marrow transplantation is reviewed and provides a basis for a reasonable expectation that results of marrow transplantation will continue to improve. The use of partially matched family members or phenotypically histocompatibility leukocyte antigen-identical unrelated donors will make marrow grafting available to a larger fraction of patients. Marrow grafting, developed for the treatment of malignant disease, has found an important application to nonmalignant diseases, including immunodeficiency syndromes, aplastic anemia, and thalassemia and other genetic disorders of hematopoiesis.

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