STUDIES IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS: DETERMINATION OF SWEAT ELECTROLYTES IN SITU WITH DIRECT READING ELECTRODES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 794-798
Author(s):  
Louis Kopito ◽  
Harry Shwachman
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Screening ◽  
Pilocarpine Iontophoresis

An evaluation is made of newly developed specific-ion electrodes for determining sodium and chloride on the skin surface following the stimulation of the sweat glands by pilocarpine iontophoresis. This procedure offers a rapid (5 to 6 minutes), convenient, and safe means for large-scale cystic fibrosis screening programs for screening infants and children. Caution is urged in the evaluation of the reading since a failure to sweat may result in a misleading value.

scholarly journals TLS and SfM Approach for Bulk Density Determination of Excavated Heterogeneous Raw Materials

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Blistan ◽  
Stanislav Jacko ◽  
Ľudovít Kovanič ◽  
Julián Kondela ◽  
Katarína Pukanská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Raw Material

A frequently recurring problem in the extraction of mineral resources (especially heterogeneous mineral resources) is the rapid operative determination of the extracted quantity of raw material in a surface quarry. This paper deals with testing and analyzing the possibility of using unconventional methods such as digital close-range photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning in the process of determining the bulk density of raw material under in situ conditions. A model example of a heterogeneous deposit is the perlite deposit Lehôtka pod Brehmi (Slovakia). Classical laboratory methods for determining bulk density were used to verify the results of the in situ method of bulk density determination. Two large-scale samples (probes) with an approximate volume of 7 m3 and 9 m3 were realized in situ. 6 point samples (LITH) were taken for laboratory determination. By terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurement from 2 scanning stations, point clouds with approximately 163,000/143,000 points were obtained for each probe. For Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry, 49/55 images were acquired for both probes, with final point clouds containing approximately 155,000/141,000 points. Subsequently, the bulk densities of the bulk samples were determined by the calculation from in situ measurements by TLS and SfM photogrammetry. Comparison of results of the field in situ measurements (1841 kg∙m−3) and laboratory measurements (1756 kg∙m−3) showed only a 4.5% difference in results between the two methods for determining the density of heterogeneous raw materials, confirming the accuracy of the used in situ methods. For the determination of the loosening coefficient, the material from both large-scale samples was transferred on a horizontal surface. Their volumes were determined by TLS. The loosening coefficient for the raw material of 1.38 was calculated from the resulting values.

scholarly journals Multilevel Collapsibility of Loess under Irrigation in Jinya Town, Gansu Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhou Zhang ◽  
Yudong Lu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yangchun Lu ◽  
Jianzhong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Engineering Geology ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Two Peaks

The collapsibility of loess has constantly been a major problem in engineering geology. The determination of the collapsibility process and characteristics of loess are crucial to foundation construction and residents’ life in the Loess Plateau. Thus, a large-scale in situ irrigation collapse experiment was conducted on a 10 m2 test pit. A total of 79 benchmarks are used in this experiment. These benchmarks are divided into three categories, namely, deep-buried steel pipe benchmarks, ground benchmarks inside the pit, and ground benchmarks outside the pit. The irrigation and observation time spanned 40 days. In the entire irrigation experiment, a three-day water suspension period resulted in two peaks on the collapsibility velocity curve, thereby showing a remarkable difference in the collapsibility curve from the standard one. In terms of the microstructural deformation types of loess and infiltration process of irrigation water, we found that the collapsibility of loess is a dynamic process apart from being particularly sensitive to water. That is, even after a full collapse of the irrigation process, new pores will eventually form once the water content in the loess begins to decline, thereby providing conditions for another loess collapse. Therefore, multilevel collapsibility can occur during continuous irrigation, which is a problem that has been unexplored in previous applications.

scholarly journals Quicker Measurement of Walls’ Thermal Resistance Following an Extension to ISO 9869 Average Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 04019
Author(s):  
Arash Rasooli ◽  
Laure Itard
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Average Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Acceptable Result ◽  
Heat Flux Meter ◽  
The Difference

Determination of the thermo-physical characteristics of the buildings’ components is crucial to illustrate their thermal behavior and therefore their energy consumption. Along the same line, accurate determination of the thermal resistance of the building walls falls into one the most important targets. Following the difference between in-lab, and on site thermal performance of walls, in-situ measurements have been highly recommended. The most well-known practice for in-situ measurement of walls’ thermal resistance is the Average Method of ISO 9869, using one heat flux meter and two thermocouples. The method, in comparison with other existing methods is quite straight-forward and therefore, is applied widely in large scale. Despite its simplicity, this method usually needs a relatively long time to reach an acceptable result. The current paper deals with a modification to the ISO 9869 method, making it in many situations much quicker than its original state. Through simulation of walls of different typologies, it is shown in which cases the measurement period becomes longer than expected. It is demonstrated how the addition of a heat flux meter to the aforementioned equipment can lead to a much quicker achievement of the thermal resistance, following the rest of the instructions of the standard method.

Modeling FEBEX Large-Scale In Situ Test

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gens ◽  
E.E. Alonso ◽  
A. Garcia-Molina ◽  
F. Huertas ◽  
J.L. Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
In Situ Test ◽  
Determination Of Parameters ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Real Test

ABSTRACTThis paper reports the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analyses of the “in situ” test carried out during the pre-operational stage of the FEBEX project. The determination of parameters has been performed using the results of the characterization stage and other available information. The results of the analyses provide a good understanding of expected test behaviour. This understanding is enhanced by the performance of a quite extensive programme of 1-D sensitivity analyses in which the values of critical parameters are varied. Two dimensional effects are discussed on the basis of the results of 2-D axisymmetric THM analyses carried out using a longitudinal section that provides a better representation of real test geometry.

Determination of drugs in plasma by high-performance thin-layer chromatography.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Fenimore ◽  
C M Davis ◽  
C J Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry ◽  
Reflectance Spectrometry ◽  
Ultraviolet Reflectance ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used to determine chlorpromazine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin in plasma, to demonstrate the utility of this technique for routine analysis. We quantitated the separated components by use of ultraviolet reflectance spectrometry with detection limits as low as 1 microgram/liter. Regressions of psychoactive agents extracted from plasma were linear over the range of 0 to 300 microgram/liter. The anti-convulsant drugs, phenobarbital and phenytoin, were determined over a range of 0 to 50 mg/liter. Analyses were rapid, reproducible, and well-suited to large-scale programs. Separated components also can be identified in situ by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

Bolt assessment of wind turbine hub using nonlinear ultrasound methods

2019 ◽  
pp. 0309524X1988773
Author(s):  
Gian Piero Malfense Fierro ◽  
Michele Meo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Nonlinear Ultrasound ◽  
Frequency Selection ◽  
Modal Response ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Response Method

This work evaluates various nonlinear ultrasound methods for in situ structural health monitoring of the loosened state of a four-bolt structure found on large-scale wind turbines. The aim was assessment of a four bolted structure with only two piezoelectric sensors, and determination of individual bolt loosened and the extent of loosening. Nonlinear ultrasound methods have been shown to have advantages over linear methods in terms of sensitivity, although the detection accuracy and robustness of these methods can be highly dependent on correct frequency selection. Thus, a frequency selection process based on the modal response of the structure is suggested for determination of bolt-specific frequencies, which was then used to evaluate the individual bolt loosened state. Two nonlinear ultrasound techniques were used to evaluate the bolted structure: the second- and third-order nonlinearity parameters and a nonlinear acoustic moment’s method. The modal response method used for frequency selection was able to determine specific bolt frequencies based on surface and bolt velocities. Nonlinear evaluation at these frequencies showed that specific frequencies related to individual bolts, and as the bolts loosened there was a clear increase in the production of nonlinearities. Thus, the loosened status of individual bolts could be tracked using specific pre-identified frequencies.

DENSITY AND SECRETORY ACTIVITY OF ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS IN PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND IN HEALTHY CONTROLS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618
Author(s):  
Dorothy E. Huebner ◽  
Charles C. Lobeck ◽  
Nona R. McSherry
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Sweat Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Active Sweat Glands ◽  
Pilocarpine Iontophoresis ◽  
Stimulation Of

The number of active sweat glands was observed in patients with cystic fibrosis and healthy, age-matched controls following stimulation of sweating on the inner forearm surface by pilocarpine iontophoresis. Though gland density appeared to be higher and more variable in cystic fibrosis, statistical analysis of this relationship was inconclusive but did not allow a rejection of the hypothesis that patients have higher gland densities at a given age than controls. The amount of sweat produced in cystic fibrosis was related to the number of active glands; this was not true of controls. The parameter of gland density, added to the previously described sweat test procedure, has allowed calculation of the average sweat output per gland on the forearm. This output increased with increasing age in both controls and patients with cystic fibrosis.

Noninvasive procedure for in situ determination of skin surface aspartic proteinase activity in animals; implications for human skin

1997 ◽  
Vol 289 (12) ◽  
pp. 686-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Wormser ◽  
Ron Kohen ◽  
Eldad Victor Moor ◽  
Arie Eldad ◽  
Rivka Gal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Aspartic Proteinase ◽  
Proteinase Activity

scholarly journals 5 Large scale, high throughput, cystic fibrosis screening using a new kit for CFTR mutation detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S49
Author(s):  
C. Centrone ◽  
B. Minuti ◽  
S. Falconi ◽  
A. Mariottini ◽  
A. Gozzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mutation Detection ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Screening

Large-scale Motion of Solar Filaments

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Pavel Ambrož ◽  
Alfred Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Proper Motion ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Solar Filaments ◽  
General Movement ◽  
Scale Motion ◽  
Velocity Scatter

AbstractPrecise measurements of heliographic position of solar filaments were used for determination of the proper motion of solar filaments on the time-scale of days. The filaments have a tendency to make a shaking or waving of the external structure and to make a general movement of whole filament body, coinciding with the transport of the magnetic flux in the photosphere. The velocity scatter of individual measured points is about one order higher than the accuracy of measurements.

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