QUO VADIS?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. A100-A100
Author(s):  
Student
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Case Managers ◽  
Administrative Costs ◽  
Physician Autonomy ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Quo Vadis ◽  
Professional Review ◽  
The Impact

There are growing concerns, among physicians and others in the US, about the impact of [present] policies on medical care costs, on the commercialisation of medicine, and on physician autonomy. As a result of the new market-oriented policies, physicians in the US are now the most litigated-against, second-guessed, and paperwork-laden physicians in western industrialised democracies. Physicians' day-to-day clinical decisionmaking—commonly referred to as clinical freedom—is increasingly subject to review and appoval by "case managers" working for employers, insurance carriers, and government financed and regulated professional review organisations. Malpractice suits and administrative costs are multiplying. The growing adversarial relationship with private and public payers and loss of physican autonomy are closely related to the growing view that medical care should be treated like any other private business.

scholarly journals The Impact of Obesity on Medical Care Costs and Labor Market Outcomes in the US

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Biener ◽  
John Cawley ◽  
Chad Meyerhoefer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Medical Expenditures ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically in most countries of the world, and the economic consequences of obesity are not well understood. METHODS We analyzed data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) for 2001–2015 and estimated the percentage of healthcare costs that were associated with adult obesity, both for the US as a whole and for the most populous states. We also reviewed the literature on the impact of obesity on economic outcomes such as medical care costs, employment, and wages. RESULTS The percent of US national medical expenditures devoted to treating obesity-related illness in adults rose from 6.13% in 2001 to 7.91% in 2015, an increase of 29%. Substantial differences existed across states; in 2015, some states (AZ, CA, FL, NY) devoted 5%–6% of medical expenditures to obesity, whereas others (NC, OH, WI) spent >12% of all healthcare dollars on obesity. A review of previous literature that exploited natural experiments to estimate causal effects found that obesity raises medical care costs and lowers wages and the probability of employment. CONCLUSIONS A substantial and rising percentage of healthcare costs are associated with obesity. This is true for the US, for individual states, for each category of expenditure, and for each type of payer. Previous literature generally found that obesity worsens economic outcomes, such as medical care costs, wages, and employment, and imposes negative external costs that may justify government intervention.

Private and Public Enforcement of Securities Regulation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howell E. Jackson ◽  
Jeffery Y. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Securities Regulation ◽  
Public Enforcement ◽  
Valuation Effects ◽  
Cross Listing ◽  
The Us ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the impact of private and public enforcement of securities regulation on the development of capital markets. After a review of the literature, it considers empirical findings related to private and public enforcement as measured by formal indices and resources, with particular emphasis on the link between enforcement intensity and technical measures of financial market performance. It then analyses the impact of cross-border flows of capital, valuation effects, and cross-listing decisions by corporate issuers before turning to a discussion of whether countries that dedicate more resources to regulatory reform behave differently in some areas of market activities. It also explores the enforcement of banking regulation and its relationship to financial stability and concludes by focusing on direct and indirect, resource-based evidence on the efficacy of the US Securities and Exchange Commission’s enforcement actions.

Health Care Financing for the Child With Catastrophic Costs

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-757
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Care Costs

PURPOSE Historically, health insurance has not treated children fairly. Insured services have been oriented to the medical needs of adults, with children's unique needs given poor coverage or, in the instance or preventive care, rare coverage. These biases inherent in private and public health insurance also manifest themselves in the coverage of catastrophic care for children. The objectives of the following recommendations are to rectify some of the structural problems of health insurance that are faced by children, to ensure access to all needed health care services for all children, and to protect families from overwhelming out-of-pocket medical care costs. PRINCIPLES To address the needs of children through 21 years of age with illnesses that lead to catastrophic costs, all insurance plans must (1) be available to all children (and pregnant women) without regard to race, religion, national origin, economic status, health or functional status, or existing health insurance coverage; (2) include participation of both private and public sectors; (3) support the development of comprehensive, community-based systems of personal health care for the chronically ill child; (4) cover a broad array of child-specific health services; (5) contain costs through managed care and other means; and (6) require some financing from the child's family in proportion to their ability to pay. DEFINITION OF CATASTROPHIC NEED The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) defines catastrophic need by relative economic distress. Generally, a child whose family's out-of-pocket medical care costs reach a maximum of 10% of their annual adjusted gross income as reported to the Internal Revenue Services is one who, regardless of health status, income level, or existing insurance coverage, is in need of financial support for further medical expenses.

scholarly journals Silence, Guilt and Insidious Trauma in Auden’s Early Poems

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Pividori
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Us ◽  
Public Persona ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The Impact

  Silence, Guilt and Insidious Trauma in Auden’s Early Poems   The title of the book of poems published in 1941, The Double Man, defines much of W.H. Auden’s life, constantly driven by a sense of duality and paradox. The double functions as a complex, subtle phenomenon in Auden’s case: It highlights an unresolvable tension between his private and public persona. The search for a compromise between personal wishes and social duties is a recurring theme in Auden’s later works but appears with particular intensity in the poems of his youth, resulting in a complex entanglement in which the poet’s identity is often (traumatically) negotiated. Since Auden’s life extended throughout most of the 20th-century—he was born in 1907, in York, and died in Vienna in 1973—his work provides a useful lens through which to examine some of the events that would change the world in unprecedented ways. For much of his career, he was worried about the impact his homosexuality would have on his attempt to fashion himself as a public poet, as the risk of public scandal and even imprisonment was high in Britain and the US until the late 1960s, and the issue of his homosexuality remains one of the most significant contexts for the study of Auden and of the ways he imagined himself. The impossibility of coming out in the 1920s, when he was an adolescent, posed a heavy burden on him and determined to a great extent his future identity and thus his way of life as a whole. Until now, however, the question of how Auden’s earlier poetic output, that is the 1922-1927 poems, has been “marked and structured and indeed necessitated and propelled by the historical shapes of homophobia, for instance, by the contingencies and geographies of the highly permeable closet” (Sedgwick 165), has remained largely overlooked, and much uncertainty still exists about the extent to which the poet’s “coming out” experience circulated in the vicinity of trauma and was marked by it.

The impact of recombinant human erythropoietin on medical care costs for hemodialysis patients in Canada

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Sheingold ◽  
David Churchill ◽  
Norman Muirhead ◽  
Andreas Laupacis ◽  
Roberta Labelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Costs

scholarly journals Cost and Threshold Analysis of the FinishIt Campaign to Prevent Youth Smoking in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Weir ◽  
Jennifer Cantrell ◽  
David Holtgrave ◽  
Marisa Greenberg ◽  
Ryan Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Medical Care Costs ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Costs

In 2014, Truth Initiative launched the national FinishIt campaign to prevent smoking initiation among youth and young adults. The significant changes in the communications landscape requires further analysis to determine resource requirements for public education campaigns relative to their impact. This analysis estimates the cost of the FinishIt campaign based on data from expenditure records and uses published estimates of the lifetime treatment costs and quality-adjusted life years associated with smoking. The total cost of the FinishIt campaign for 2014–2016 was $162 million. Under assumptions associated with the pessimistic base-case (no medical care costs saved through prevention), 917 smoking careers would need to be averted for the campaign to be cost-effective. Assuming smoking leads to increased medical care costs, 7186 smoking careers would need to be averted for the campaign to be cost-saving. Given these thresholds (917 and 7186) and the estimate of the impact of the previous truth campaign, the investments in the Truth Initiative’s FinishIt campaign are likely warranted for preventing smoking careers among youth and young adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document