scholarly journals Effects of microbicide based on lactic acid and metal nanoparticles on laboratory animals

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Ponomarenko ◽  
V. L. Kovalenko ◽  
O. V. Ponomarenko ◽  
Yu. O. Balackiy
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Nanoparticles Of Silver

<p>Modern complex disinfectants should not only be highly effective against most pathogens, but also safe for the body of laboratory and farm animals. To determine the effect of microbicides on animal organism, there are several commonly accepted parameters that are regulated by relevant methodological documents. Taking into account the urgency of the development and implementation of modern disinfectants, the purpose of the researche was to study the effects of the drug "Orgsept" on the indicators of acute toxicity and its harmful effects on laboratory animals. The determination of acute toxicity, the study of the cumulative and skin-resorptive action of the drug "Orgasept" was performed on clinically healthy white mice, and the irritating effect and sensitizing properties were studied on Guinea pigs. The studies were conducted using generally accepted techniques (Yakubchak et al., 2005). According to the results of the research, acute toxicity, cumulative, sensitizing, irritating, skin-resorptive action of the disinfectant based on lactic acid and nanoparticles of silver "Orgasept" on laboratory animals were determined. It has been determined that the investigated preparation according to sanitary-and-hygienic norms GOST 12.1.007-76 belongs to the 3 groups of toxicity in concentrations which are significantly higher than bactericidal, it does not have a pronounced cumulative, sensitizing and skin-resorptive action.</p>

Determination of acute toxicity of Tiacyclin solution for injection in laboratory animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 331 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
N.Y. Morozov ◽  
◽  
S.I. Tchukina ◽  
E.I. Koveshnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Laboratory Animals

scholarly journals A THERMOPRECIPITATION REACTION IN TRYPANOSOMA EQUIPERDUM INFECTION IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

1934 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-579
Author(s):  
Hildrus A. Poindexter
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Trypanosoma Equiperdum

There is a thermoprecipitinogenic substance in extracts of the spleen of rats, guinea pigs and rabbits infected with T. equiperdum. It does not appear to be within the body of the trypanosome itself. Antibodies to this heat-resistant precipitable substance were found in the serum of infected animals. The antibody strength seems to be relatively less in the serum of rats than in the other animals but the power of extracts from the spleen of infected rats appeared to be equivalent to the power of similar extracts of the other animals. The antibody titer of the serum of rabbits was greater than in the case of the other two species investigated. This was shown not only by the reaction with the extracts of spleens of the same species, but also by the reaction with extracts of the spleens of similarly infected animals of other species.

The indirect determination of energy retention in farm animals: I. The development of method

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Blaxter ◽  
J. A. F. Rook
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
The Relationship

1. Methods of estimating water retention in the body of cattle are discussed, and it is shown that methods based on determinations of the initial and final body-water content are of low accuracy and are not suitable for the indirect estimation of fat balance over a period of 24 days.2. Analyses of tissues from young and adult cattle showed that with the exception of serum, brain, skin and bone, water content of the tissues may be predicted from the following equation:Water(g./100g.) = 0·292 Na(mg./100g.) + 0·147 K(mg./100g.).This equation shows that 1 m.equiv. of the Na of tissues is associated with more water than is 1 m.equiv. of the K.3. No differences between cattle aged from less than 1 week to more than 5 years were observed in the relationship between water and Na and K content.4. The equation applied also to the contents of the digestive tract, other than those of the abomasum which gave low results, ascribed to the presence of a high concentration of H+ ions.5. Analyses of whole foetuses for Na, K and H2O showed that their water content could be predicted accurately. The same was true of amniotic fluid, but the water content of allantoic fluid was underestimated by 50%.6. It was shown that despite the anomalous behaviour of brain, serum, skin and bone, accurate predictions of the water content of the animal could be made from simultaneous determinations of Na and K retentions, providing a correction was made for the storage of bound Na in bone.7. Data are presented which indicate that the equations apply equally well to the tissues of the sheep.

scholarly journals The determination of acute toxicity parameters of “Imkar-120”

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
A. A. Fotina ◽  
V. A. Levytska
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
The Body ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases

Vector-Borne Diseases are a variety of infectious and invasive diseases of animals and humans, the agents of which extend from one to another susceptible subject with the participation of hemopoiesis (ticks, insects, etc.). For the purpose of treatment of blood parasitic transmissive diseases, domestic and foreign researchers tested a significant number of drugs of different chemical composition. In connection with the insufficient on the domestic market of drugs on the basis of imidokarb dipropionate for the treatment of blood-parasitic diseases in animals, the Scientific-Production-Technical Enterprise “Brovapharma” established and conducted the state registration of the drug “Imcar-120”, which blocks the synthesis of polyamine; it also has significantly less toxicity than dimeters of aceturates. It provides a broad spectrum of antiprotozoal effects on pathogens of pyroplasmiosis of the genus Babesia (Babesia bovis, B. ovis, B. bigemina, B. colchica, B. equi, B. divergens, B. canis, B. caballi, B. gibsonii i Francaiella colchica); Teilerian species (Theileria annulata, T. sergenti, T. mutans, T. orientalis, T. ovis, T. recondita, T. tarandirangiferis); Nuttallia equi and the genus of Anaplasma (Anaplasma marginale, A. ovis, Ehrlichia canis) with their mono- or mixed infestation. Pre-clinical research “Determination of toxicological properties of the drug Imcar-120” was carried out on the basis of vivarium of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Sumy NAU. Study of parameters of acute toxicity of the study drug was performed on 50 clinically healthy white mice in males and females. Before the experiment, the individual weight of the body of animals selected for the experiment was 18–22 g, the age was 8–9 weeks. In the first stage, preliminary experimental studies were conducted to determine the variation of dose limits before the main stage of the studies. At the same time the drug was administered intragastrically in doses: 2500, 3500, 4500, 5500, 6500, 7500 mg/kg. Each dose was given to three animals. After the introduction of the drug for monitoring animals, the experiment was carried out 14 days, the first day – every hour. For the expanded stage of the experiment, four experimental groups (n = 8) of animal analogues were formed, in which the study drug was injected under the same conditions as in the previous stage of the experiment at a rate of 3800, 4300, 4800 and 5300 mg/kg of body weight.  In the course of studies to determine the parameters of acute toxicity of the drug Imkar-120 it was determined half-lettable dose of the drug. According to R. Kerber's method, DL50 was 4456.25 mg/kg, therefore according to the classification of GOST 12.1.007-76 the preparation Imkar-120 should be classified as hazard class III by injection into the stomach – substances are moderately dangerous.

scholarly journals Study of Acute Toxicity and Irritant Effect of Nasal Spray Naltrexone Hydrochloride

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Domnina ◽  
V. V. Suslov ◽  
S. A. Kedik ◽  
D. A. Akhmedova ◽  
A. P. Malkova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Nasal Spray ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Naltrexone Hydrochloride ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Low Dose Naltrexone

Introduction. Acute toxicity of naltrexone hydrochloride nasal spray during intragastric administration to mice and local irritant effect on rabbits was studied. At all stages of the experiment, observations were made on the General condition of the animals. The state of homeostasis was evaluated using functional, hematological and morphometric methods. According to the results of research, there was no local irritant effect on the eyes of rabbits, as well as no toxic effect of high doses of the drug on animals. Introduction. Naltrexone hydrochloride in doses of 1.5– 5 mg/day has shown its effectiveness in the treatment of a number of diseases. Due to the lack of such a "low-dose" naltrexone registered on the pharmaceutical market, we have developed the composition of the nasal spray naltrexone hydrochloride. One of the stages of our research is to study the safety of the drug being developed. The first step in this direction was to study its acute toxicity and local irritant effect.Aim. Study of acute toxicity and local irritant effect of naltrexone hydrochloride nasal spray.Materials and methods. The object of the study was a nasal spray of naltrexone hydrochloride. Acute toxicity studies were performed on outbred adult mice (females). Study of local irritant effect on Soviet chinchilla rabbits (males).Results and discussion. The study of acute toxicity showed that the drug, at a dose significantly higher than the estimated maximum daily therapeutic dose for humans, did not have a significant toxic effect on the body of laboratory animals. The presence of a local irritant effect in the studied drug was not established in the framework of the experiment.Conclusion. As part of the experiment, the drug under study did not have a local irritant or toxic effect on the animal body. The results obtained allow us to continue the development and study of the nasal spray naltrexone hydrochloride.

scholarly journals The role of osteodystrophy in the pathogenesis of aseptic pododermatitis in cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
N. M. Khomyn ◽  
A. R. Mysak ◽  
S. V. Tsisinska ◽  
V. V. Pritsak ◽  
Yu. M. Lenyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Aseptic Inflammation ◽  
True Value ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Final Confirmation

It is well known that the value of full feeding of farm animals is an important condition for the production of livestock products. Because of the researches of many scientists was found that the value of feed is determined by the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins, minerals and so on. However, the true value of the feed is determined by the part that is digestible and can be used by the body in the metabolism process. In the event of a violation of feeding level associated with the lack of nutrients or minerals of animals or their deficiency, the development of osteodystrophic processes is observed, which directly contribute to changes in the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the finger of animals, there is an occurrence of prolonged osteotendinitis of the finger flexors, which causes to fingers extension, partially or completely removed from the hoof wall support, and overload of crumbs. Tightening of the crumb support is accompanied by the appearance of the skin of the hoof inflammatory process, excessive horn growth and deformation of the horn capsule. The final confirmation of osteodystrophy is the results of a multivariate mass volumetric analysis of the skeleton state and determination of the magnitude of the angles of the joints of the fingers. On the side of the hoof horn, there is an increase in the moisture content and SH-groups and a decrease in g-keratosis, which affects the biophysical properties of the hoof horn, which are shown by a decrease in density and hardness. Such changes indicate a deterioration in the quality of the hoof horn, a confirmation of which is a decrease in the intensity of erasing of the sole horn, the development of deformation and the occurrence of aseptic inflammation of the base of the skin of the sole horn.

scholarly journals Investigation of the irritant effects and allergenic properties of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
V. B. Dukhnitsky ◽  
I. M. Derkach ◽  
S. S. Derkach ◽  
I. O. Fritsky ◽  
M. O. Plutenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
First Time ◽  
Clathrochelate Complexes

During the preclinical studies of new drugs, the study of the degree of manifestation of their irritant and allergenic effects affects subsequent clinical studies, for example the routes of administration, the need to add excipients to reduce irritation. The article presents the results of studies of the irritant effects and allergenic properties of the Iron in rare unconventional valence – IV. The irritant effect of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes on the skin was studied comprehensively. 20 rabbits were divided into 4 groups (control and three experimental), 5 animals each. The  ointment on the vaseline and aqueous solution of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes was applied to the skin of rabbits of the experimental groups. Also this solution was introduced subcutaneously. The investigated dosage forms were used at a dose of 1 ml/kg body weight (based on the active ingredient 500 mg/kg body weight of the laboratory animal). The results of the studies showed that of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes has no irritant properties when used externally and is characterized by a lack of local reaction by subcutaneous injection. Determination of allergenic properties was performed by detecting itching and swelling in the guinea pigs in animals which were sensitized with this substance. In addition, in order to assess the severity of the inflammatory reaction, the skin temperature was determined before the experiment and on the 20th day of the experiment, and the skin fold thickness was measured using a caliper. The results of the studies showed that there is no allergic action of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes. The results of the ophthalmic test on laboratory animals confirmed the data obtained.Therefore, comprehensive studies of the irritant and allergenic effects of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes were performed for the first time. The Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes in the form of ointment and solution does not irritate the skin and mucous membranes and has no allergenic properties to the body of the laboratory animals.

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of the Supramolecular Complex Based on Albendazole and Triclabendazole (Altric-Extra) in Laboratory Outbred Mice and Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Lagereva ◽  
Vladislav E. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Outbred Mice

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the acute toxicity of Altric-Extra when introduced into the stomach to mice and rats. Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in the vivarium of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plants. The acute toxicity of Altric-Extra was determined on 20 white outbred male mice weighing 19.3–23.3 g, 10 animals in a group and on 30 white outbred male rats weighing 150–196 g, 6 animals in a group. Altric-Extra was administered to mice of the experimental group once into the stomach in the form of a suspension in a dose of 5,986 mg/kg at the rate of 0.2 ml/10 g of body weight. Altric-Extra rats were also administered once into the stomach in the form of a suspension at the rate of 2.0 ml/100 g body weight. As a carrier in the preparation of the suspension, 1% starch gel was used. The experimental rats of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were given Altric-Extra at doses of 4,580.2 mg/kg, 3,846.2; 3,088.8 and 1,577.9 mg/ kg respectively. Mice and rats of the control groups were administered once with 1% starch gel. For 14 days, the behavior and condition of the animals was monitored. The body weight of the experimental animals was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 9th and 14th days of the experiment. Results and discussion. Medium lethal doses of LD50 have been established for oral administration to laboratory animals. For mice, the LD50 was more than 5 986 mg/kg, i.e., according to the generally accepted hygienic classification, Altrick-Extra belongs to hazard class 4 (low-hazard substances). On rats, the LD50 was 3 103.1±48.5 mg/kg (2,354.6÷3,851.5 mg/kg). Therefore, Altrik-Extra belongs to hazard class 3 (substances are moderately hazardous).

scholarly journals Diaskintest for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Naymanov ◽  
A. M. Gulyukin ◽  
N. G. Tolstenko ◽  
E. P. Vangeli ◽  
V. M. Kalmykov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals

The objective of the study: to compare the diagnostic value of intracutaneous tests with tuberculin and diaskintest for detection of tuberculosis in cattle.Subjects and methods. In this study, PPD tuberculin for mammals was used, it was made from M. bovis strain AN-5, manufactured by BIOK, and Diaskintest (recombinant tuberculous allergen, solution forintracutaneous administration) manufactured by ZAO FF Lecco, series 030307.Laboratory animals (guinea pigs, rabbits, chickens) and farm animals (pigs and cattle) were used in the study.Results. It has been established on laboratory animals that diaskintest does not cause any adverse events. When assessing sows sensitized with M. avium, it was found that the intracutaneous administration of PPD tuberculin to mammals resulted in up to 8.5% of positive reactions, while diaskintest was negative in all of them. Among cattle sensitized to non-tuberculous mycobacteria, intracutaneous administration of tuberculin for mammals revealed up to 4.6% of positive reactions, and diaskintest – up to 0.6%. In the farm with the unfavorable TB situation where animals infected with M. bovis were previously detected, when examining 177 cows, tuberculin test was positive in 102 (57.6%) of them, and diaskintest in 88 (49.7%). Diaskintest can be used for differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and sensitization by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in pigs and cattle.

Results of Preclinical Safety Tests of Radiopharmaceutical with 90Y for Intra-arterial Radioembolization of Liver Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
O. Klement'eva ◽  
O Vlasova ◽  
D Stepchenkov ◽  
K Luneva ◽  
K Ternovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Safety Study ◽  
Preclinical Safety ◽  
Safe Dose ◽  
Observation Period

Purpose: Performing a safety study of a radiopharmaceutical drug with yttrium-90 for intra-arterial radioembolization of inoperable patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer. Material and methods: The developed radiopharmaceutical is a microspheres of human blood albumin with a diameter of 25-40 microns, modified with diethylenetriaminpentaacetic acid and labeled with 90Y radionuclide. The safety of the radiopharmaceutical was studied by the following indicators: acute toxicity of lyophilized reagents, subchronic toxicity of the radiopharmaceutical on two types of animals, local irritant effect of the radiopharmaceutical therapeutic activity in equivalent terms on laboratory animals, specific toxicity (allergizing effect) of lyophilized reagents for the preparation of a radiopharmaceutical drug. Female and male BALB/C mice, Wistar rats, chinchilla rabbits, and albino Guinea pigs were taken as experimental animals. All animals were obtained from certified laboratory animal nurseries. Results: During acute toxicity studies, the maximum safe dose of an inactive drug was determined. In terms of per person, it exceeds the intended dose for clinical use by almost 20 times. The study of the subchronic toxicity of the radiopharmaceutical did not reveal any symptoms of intoxication. The survival rate of the animals during the entire observation period was absolute. Standard behavior and appearance were observed in animals. The dynamics of body weight was positive, and the body temperature of rats and rabbits did not exceed the limits allowed. Samples of the finished dosage form of the drug did not have a local irritant effect. The solution of inactive components of lyophilized reagents for the preparation of a radiopharmaceutical drug did not have an allergenic effect in quantities ten times higher than the doses administered to a person. Conclusion: According to the results of preclinical studies, the radiopharmaceutical should be considered safe for use. The results of preclinical studies allow us to recommend the drug for clinical research.

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