scholarly journals Strokes to the Portrait of Sergiy Bachynski

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Taras A. Glodya
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biographical Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic Revolution ◽  
Political Figure

As a result of the conducted scientifically-searching work with bringing in of new sources, analysis of the found archived documents, information is specified about the course of life of Serhij Baczynskiy as a result of her verification with other documents and materials, in particular information is improved about his journalistic work. Ukrainian history of the first half of ХХ century is a difficult period of social and political, military and cultural processesin that active voice was accepted by Ukrainian intelligentsia. Traditionally exactly this social class was and remains the leader of Ukrainian motion. On the modern stage of development of historical science scientists more and more apply to prosopography as to direction of historical and biographical research that envisages personification of the past by the study of historical events and their consequences through the prism of human factor. The names of many participants of Ukrainian national-democratic revolution in the second half of ХХ century were unfairly forgotten or intentionally held back the soviet system, that resulted in "cleaning" out of information. Andonly with therevival of Ukrainian independence back to scientific turnover historical memory began to go about the forbidden past and about the representatives of twenty-fourhours, that created him. To their number it is possible to take a native of Katerynoslavschyny, public-political figure, publicist, agriculturist, teacher of the first Ukrainian gymnasium, secretary of presidium of Labour congress of Ukraine(to parliament of People’s Republic of Ukraine), and afterwards emigrant Serhij Baczynskiy (1887-1941).

The Fall of Tripoli in 1289 in the Perception of Christian Communities of the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К.А. Панченко
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Religious Polemics

Abstract The article examines the conquest of the County of Tripoli by the Mamelukes in 1289, and the reaction of various Middle Eastern ethnoreligious groups to this event. Along with the Monophysite perspective (the Syriac chronicle of Bar Hebraeus’ Continuator and the work of the Coptic historian Mufaddal ibn Abi-l-Fadail), and the propagandist texts of Muslim Arabic panegyric poets, we will pay special attention to the historical memory of the Orthodox (Melkite) and Maronite communities of northern Lebanon. The contemporary of these events — the Orthodox author Suleiman al-Ashluhi, a native of one of the villages of the Akkar Plateau — laments the fall of Tripoli in his rhymed eulogy. It is noteworthy that this author belongs to the rural Melkite subculture, which — in spite of its conservative character — was capable of producing original literature. Suleiman al-Ashluhi’s work was forsaken by the following generations of Melkites; his poem was only preserved in Maronite manuscripts. Maronite historical memory is just as fragmented. The father of the Modern Era Maronite historiography — Gabriel ibn al-Qilaʿî († 1516) only had fragmentary information on the history of his people in the 13th century: local chronicles and the heroic epos that glorified the Maronite struggle against the Muslim lords that tried to conquer Mount Lebanon. Gabriel’s depiction of the past is not only biased and subject to aims of religious polemics, but also factually inaccurate. Nevertheless, the texts of Suleiman al-Ashluhi and Gabriel ibn al-Qilaʿî give us the opportunity to draw conclusions on the worldview, educational level, political orientation and peculiar traits of the historical memory of various Christian communities of Mount Lebanon.

The Rise and Fall of Czech Post-Dissident Liberalism after 1989

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kopeček
Keyword(s):  
Political Elite ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Group ◽  
Charter 77 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic Revolution ◽  
Political Form ◽  
Soft Spot ◽  
Civic Forum

The article describes the rise and fall of the Civic Movement during the early 1990s, the most distinct post-dissident political group in Czech politics after 1989. Basically it follows two lines of enquiry. The first describes the post—Charter 77 community of people during the first years after the 1989 Czechoslovak democratic revolution, when strong personalities of the Czech culture and civic activism from its midst strove to cultivate a vision of “November 1989” in the nascent Czech democratic political culture and to promote the Velvet Revolution’s ethos as its base, first in the Civic Forum and later through one of the successor organisations, Civic Movement. Analysing the main reasons why these efforts were rather unsuccessful, the article turns to the “the politics of history” of the early Czechoslovak and Czech democracy. The “politics towards the past,” namely, turned out to be a soft spot of the post-dissident political elite and actually one of the main conflict points among the various cultural-political streams stemming from the former anticommunist opposition. The second line of enquiry focuses on this community’s half-hearted, if not even forced attempt at a political-ideological delineation heading towards socially conceived liberalism. The article describes how this attempt at recasting the “legacy” of former dissidence into a civic or social liberal political form also failed relatively soon due to the structural development of the Czech political system as well as internal ideological and political diversity of the Civic Movement.

scholarly journals On Preserving the Historical Memory of the First Half of the 20th Century. Introduction to Considerations about the Past of Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Michalski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

In the context of reflections on the breakthrough moments in the history of Poland in the first half of the 20th century, the content of the volume of the journal “Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne” (Nowis. Interdisciplinary Studies) which testifies to the preservation of their historical memory, is discussed.

scholarly journals Memory, Historiography, and “Memorial Paradigm”: On the Role of Historical Memory in Specific Situations [Review: The Past for the Present: Historical Memory and Narratives of National Identity: A Collective Monograph. Repina L.P. (Ed.). Moscow, Akvilon, 2020. (In Russian)]

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
D.E. Martynov ◽  
◽  
G.P. Myagkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
World History ◽  
Integral Image ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The paper reviews the collective monograph published by the Center for Intellectual History of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IWH RAS). The reviewers consider the theoretical and factual information presented in the monograph in the context of the analysis of both general and specific characteristics of historical memory. The study of historical memory is possible through the analysis of specific political and intellectual practices of the era of early and mature modernity. The use of J. Rusen’s methodology was justified. According to this methodology, historical memory can be regarded as an “unconscious ideology,” which will inevitably be mythological, because it links the memories of an individual with an integral image of the past. From the aforesaid, it may be seen that the compound term “past – for – present”, which expresses the direction of historical memory, can be introduced. The term is reflected in the title of the monograph under review. The substantive features of strategies for the development of historical memory based on ideologemes were considered by the authors using the example of Russia, Great Britain, Poland (the ideology of Sarmatism), and Bolivia (the ideology of Indianism).

scholarly journals Transformation of historical discourse and the problem of time

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Problem Of Time ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of historical discourse in modern writing of history and its relationship with the problem of historical time. The author shows that since the second half of the 20th century, the representation of the past has been gradually shifting from scientific historiography, as it was formed in the 19th century, to the memory studies. Unlike distancing from the past inherent in historical science, historical memory is characterized by emotional and existential tension, the involvement of the past in the present. This became possible not only as a result of the tragic events of the 20th century, but also due to changes in the temporal regime of modern society. The linear perception of time, peculiar to a modern man, is giving way to post-historical time characterized by non-linearity and reversibility, which makes it possible to actualize the past with the help of memorial policy. A change in the historical time perception gives rise to changes in the perception of the past and, as a result, leads to a transformation of historical discourse.

scholarly journals The problem of actualization of historical memory in the context of the political influence of the regionalelites of Sumy region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Bevz
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Symbolic Resource ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the role of regional political elites of Sumy region in the actualization of historical memory. It was noted that the politics of memory is a symbolic resource of regional political elites. It was shown that regional political elites, on the one hand, «can create a favorable ground for the growth of multiple identities», and on the other – «are able to stimulate the growth of polar and conflicting identities». Emphasis was placed on the fact that the historical past becomes the ideological present. It was shown that the basic factor for the regional political elite of Sumy region in the processes of actualization of historical memory was the symbolic representation of the past, first of all, the history of the region. It was determined that memory is designed not only to reflect the past, but also to form its meaning for the present. In today's world, there is a great public demand for the formation, restoration, preservation, transmission, reading and affirmation of historical memory. And in this context, the urgent need for the central government and the regional political elite was the need to actively shape a nationwide policy of historical memory.

scholarly journals Approaching the past: a tangled interplay of memory, political choices and historical science. With examples from the Nordic and Baltic countries and Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Jardar Seim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Political Conditions

A discussion of topics connected with “historical memory” and “politics of memory” presupposes that we consider how and why we are approaching the past. In this paper I shall point to some ways the past is being approached by individuals, social groups and political authorities – and some reasons for such approaches. But I shall also consider the opposite choice, that of not wanting to get closer to the past, preferring instead to keep a safe distance or even to ignore it, at least painful parts of it. Memories in different forms are important in our approaches to the past. The same is true for scientific history. The interplay between memory and historical science is complicated in itself. The existence of political guidance or explicit political provisions concerning the past makes it even more complicated to understand how our relations with the past are shaped and what their functions are in a given society. In my opinion, it is impossible to generalize about such problems. But comparisons may be fruitful, for instance presentations of wars in school textbooks from different countries, or how succeeding political regimes in one country try to charge the urban landscape with a new (or old) political meaning that legitimizes the present regime or demonize another one, by changing street names, erecting or destroying monuments etc. National anthems are another field that is suited for meaningful comparisons. And even communal or personal memories that are studied without a comparison or generalization in mind may provide ideas and perspectives for dealing with quite different memories under other political conditions. Finally, the role of the presumed scientific historian ought to be examined a little. Is he or she just a rational and neutral judge of the past – compared to ordinary people with undocumented and emotional memories, or to politicians with ideological motives for approaching the past?

scholarly journals Our past creates our present: a brief overview of racism and colonialism in Western paleontology

Paleobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Monarrez ◽  
Joshua B. Zimmt ◽  
Annaka M. Clement ◽  
William Gearty ◽  
John J. Jacisin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Direct Participation ◽  
History Of

Abstract As practitioners of a historical science, paleontologists and geoscientists are well versed in the idea that the ability to understand and to anticipate the future relies upon our collective knowledge of the past. Despite this understanding, the fundamental role that the history of paleontology and the geosciences plays in shaping the structure and culture of our disciplines is seldom recognized and therefore not acted upon sufficiently. Here, we present a brief review of the history of paleontology and geology in Western countries, with a particular focus on North America since the 1800s. Western paleontology and geology are intertwined with systematic practices of exclusion, oppression, and erasure that arose from their direct participation in the extraction of geological and biological resources at the expense of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC). Our collective failure to acknowledge this history hinders our ability to address these issues meaningfully and systemically in present-day educational, academic, and professional settings. By discussing these issues and suggesting some ways forward, we intend to promote a deeper reflection upon our collective history and a broader conversation surrounding racism, colonialism, and exclusion within our scientific communities. Ultimately, it is necessary to listen to members of the communities most impacted by these issues to create actionable steps forward while holding ourselves accountable for the past.

scholarly journals Evolution of “memory studies”: Between psychology and sociology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pushkareva ◽  
Daria Agaltsova ◽  
Olga Derzhavina
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Biographical Research ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The article examines the problem of the “memory studies” development and the role that psychology and sociology play in the development of this interdisciplinary field of humanities. The authors divide the history of memory studies into two periods. The analysis of the first stage of the conceptual formation of memory research, starting from the end of the XIX century and till the first part of the century, first of all, on the basis of psychological, sociological is revealed. The authors demonstrate the trajectory of the evolution of the scientific understanding of “memory” from a purely psychological interpretation of the phenomenon to a socio-psychological concept (group memory), to a broad sociological theory (socio-cultural and historical memory). It is shown how at the second stage of the memory studies development, starting from the second half of the XX century till the present time, sociological research unfolds in the paradigm of memory studies and at the same time there is a new growth of interest in the psychological point of these studies. This is reflected in the development of psychoanalytic concepts, biographical research methods, and the increased role of oral history. It is concluded that the dialectical interaction of sociology and psychology in the interdisciplinary field of memory studies forms the basis of the heuristic potential of this modern humanities research.

Historical memory as a source of conflicts in Eastern Europe1

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Jedlicki
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Compromise Solution ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Memory ◽  
History Of

Memory of collective wrongs and atrocities suffered in the past from another nation or ethnic group often burdens a present conflict with strong resentment and makes it appear as a historical repetition or redress. There are many examples in recent history of Eastern Europe, the Balkans included, when vivid and deliberately inflamed historical reminiscences make it virtually impossible to negotiate a compromise solution of a crisis. Only when national memory has been “cooled” and sacrosanct historical places and symbols has lost some of their mobilizing force, may human relations between the enemy communities be restored.

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