scholarly journals Adsorption of lead (Pb) in strongly weathered tropical soil (Ribeira Valley region - Brazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Carla Patinha ◽  
Mariana Consiglio Kasemodel ◽  
Eduardo Anselmo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Valéria Guimarães Rodrigues ◽  
Jéssica Pelinsom Marques
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Residual Soils ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

Lateritic soils have been widely used in the construction of landfill base liners for municipal and industrial waste. On the other hand, there is little practice in the use of strongly weathered residual soils for this finality. The use of local soil for the construction of liners in order to waterproof and retain contaminants represents an alternative to control this type of contamination. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of a strongly weathered tropical soil (residual soil) collected in the city of Eldorado Paulista (Ribeira Valley), and to evaluate the abilityof this soil to adsorb lead (Pb). The contamination of soil and water by Pb due to inadequate mining waste disposal is common in this region. The Pb was adsorbed by the residual soil, mainly at the lowest initial concentrations. When the initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 was used, the adsorption percentage of Pb was 92.5% and when the initial concentration was 100 mg L-1, the adsorption rate was 81.7%. In addition to the retention of Pb, this soil presented the following characteristics which are favorable for using soils in the construction of liners: fine granulometry, liquid limit (LL) of 57%, plasticity index (PI) of 33%, oxidizing medium and the predominance of negative charges on the surface of the colloidal particles. Thus, it is concluded that the weathered tropical residual soil exhibits characteristics that allow it to be used as a liner in the disposal of residues containing Pb.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SARIO KECAMATAN SARIO MANADO SULAWESI UTARA

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Gorby Corneles Tarima ◽  
Jemmy Abidjulu ◽  
Harry S.J. Koleangan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Standard ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SARIO KECAMATAN SARIO MANADO  SULAWESI UTARAABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kualitas air sungai Sario berdasarkan sifat fisika dan kimia sesuai dengan PP No 82 Tahun 2001. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Baristand Industri Manado pada bulan November 2015, dengan 4 sampel air yang diambil pada 4 titik dari hulu sampai hilir sungai Sario Kota Manado menggunakan 7 parameter yaitu kekeruhan, pH, nitat, nitrit, BOD, COD dan DO. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air sungai Sario yang sesuai dengan ambang baku mutu air berdasarkan PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 hanyalah pada bagian hulu sampai tengah Sungai sebelum memasuki wilayah Kota Manado, sedangkan pada sekitaran hilir sungai Sario telah tercemar yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas masyarakat dengan diindikasikan berdasarkan konsentrasi BOD, COD dan DO yang buruk dan tidak sesuai dengan ambang baku mutu air berdasarkan PP No. 82/2001. Kata kunci : Kualitas Air, Sungai Sario   ANALYSIS OF RIVER WATER QUALITY SARIO DISTRICT MANADO  NORTH SULAWESI ABSTRACT This study was conducted to analyze the Sario river water quality based on physical and chemical properties in accordance with PP No. 82 of 2001. The study was conducted in laboratory Baristand Industry Manado in November 2015, with four water samples taken at 4 points from upstream to downstream Sario City Manado using 7 parameters: turbidity, pH, nitat, nitrite, BOD, COD and DO.  The results of this study indicate that the water quality in accordance with the Sario river water quality standard threshold under PP No. 82 of 2001 only on the upstream side to the middle of the river before entering the city of Manado, whereas the downstream Area Sario river has been polluted related community activities to be indicated by the concentration of BOD, COD and DO poor and not in accordance with the water quality standard threshold based PP No. 82 of 2001. Keywords: Water Quality, River Sario

scholarly journals Synthesis, Principles, and Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles for In Vivo Imaging Applications—A Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallyn ◽  
Anton ◽  
Vandamme
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Drug Nanocarriers

The current nanotechnology era is marked by the emergence of various magnetic inorganic nanometer-sized colloidal particles. These have been extensively applied and hold an immense potential in biomedical applications including, for example, cancer therapy, drug nanocarriers (NCs), or in targeted delivery systems and diagnosis involving two guided-nanoparticles (NPs) as nanoprobes and contrast agents. Considerable efforts have been devoted to designing iron oxide NPs (IONPs) due to their superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior (SPM IONPs or SPIONs) and their large surface-to-volume area allowing more biocompatibility, stealth, and easy bonding to natural biomolecules thanks to grafted ligands, selective-site moieties, and/or organic and inorganic corona shells. Such nanomagnets with adjustable architecture have been the topic of significant progresses since modular designs enable SPIONs to carry out several functions simultaneously such as local drug delivery with real-time monitoring and imaging of the targeted area. Syntheses of SPIONs and adjustments of their physical and chemical properties have been achieved and paved novel routes for a safe use of those tailored magnetic ferrous nanomaterials. Herein we will emphasis a basic notion about NPs magnetism in order to have a better understanding of SPION assets for biomedical applications, then we mainly focus on magnetite iron oxide owing to its outstanding magnetic properties. The general methods of preparation and typical characteristics of magnetite are reviewed, as well as the major biomedical applications of magnetite.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL STUDIES CONCERNING RESIDUAL SOIL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIAN RADU ◽  
VALENTIN NEDEFF ◽  
ALEXANDRA-DANA CHIŢIMUŞ
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p>The paper describes a series of theoretical aspects concerning residual soil pollution by heavy metals. Heavy metals, unlike organic and radionuclide pollutants, are considered to be the most persistent/resistant polluting substances in the soil, displaying a tendency for accumulation. The behavior of heavy metals in the soil depends on the physical and chemical properties of the soil, as well as on their origin and source. Knowledge of the properties of heavy metals is very important, having in view the necessity of applying isolation measures for a contaminated site.</p>

Geological and soil engineering properties of shallow landslides occurring in the Kutupalong Rohingya Camp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Landslides ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Maksud Kamal ◽  
Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md. Zillur Rahman ◽  
Bayes Ahmed ◽  
Peter Sammonds
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Geological Condition ◽  
Residual Soils

AbstractThe Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN), historically known as ‘Rohingya’ who fled the 2017 ethnic atrocities and genocide in the Northern Rakhine State of Myanmar, took shelter in Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh. The camp network, known as Kutupalong Rohingya Camp (KRC), is situated in the tectonically active tertiary hilly terrain. The KRC has been experiencing hydrometeorological hazards, where landslides are frequent. This study investigated the slopes’ geological condition, engineering properties and human interventions, which influence the landslides. The exposed slopes were relatively high (> 10 m) and steep ranging from 40° to 60° that have numerous polygonal tension cracks and fissures. From the geological and geotechnical aspects, there are three successive units of slope materials: (1) residual soils of sandy silt with clay, (2) highly weathered silty sandstones and (3) shale/clay with silt and fine sand intercalations at the bottom of the slopes. Field observations revealed that most slope failures occurred in the residual soil and weathered silty sandstone units. The residual soils have a bulk density of 1.49–1.97 g/cm3, a liquid limit of 25–48%, a plasticity index of 5–16% and an undrained shear strength of 23–46 kPa. The silty sandstones have a bulk density of 1.44–1.94 g/cm3, an internal friction angle of 34°–40° and a cohesion of 0.5–13 kPa. The mineralogical composition determined by the X-ray diffraction shows low clay mineral content, which does not affect landslides. However, the slope geometry, low shear strength with strain softening properties and torrential rainfall accompanied by anthropogenic factors cause numerous landslides every year. This study will help take proper mitigation and preparedness measures for slope protection in the KRC area and surroundings.

scholarly journals Leaching Behavior of Cadmium through Compacted Granitic Residual Soil Using Column Infiltration Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Nur ‘Aishah Zarime ◽  
Wan Zuhairi Wan Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Batch Test ◽  
Residual Soils ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Infiltration Test ◽  
Infiltration Tests

This study investigates the physico-chemical properties of granitic residual soils and comparison between two sorption tests; batch and column infiltration tests in evaluating the mobility of Cadmium (Cd) using granitic residual soils. The granitic residual soil has undergone the physical tests (eg: particle size distribution, Atterberg Limits, specific gravity and compaction), chemical tests (eg: pH, organic matter, specific surface area (SSA) and cation exchange capacity (CEC)) and sorption tests. For Batch test, the effect of Cd concentration in single and mixture solutions were studied. The result showed the Kd value of single solution (Kd=0.0062 L/g) was higher compared to mix solution (Kd=0.0022 L/g). For column infiltration test, several factors were studied in this research such as different g-force, different types of solutions and different soil thickness. Results showed that both sorption tests have different effects on mobility of heavy metals through soils. The column infiltration test gave the exact Kd values compared to the batch test since the condition of columns method applied were similar to the natural soil conditions.

scholarly journals Determining the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils in Babylon and Al-Qadisiyyah for Manufacturing Clay Bricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2C) ◽  
pp. 100-116
Author(s):  
Muhsen O. Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The research included conducting a study of eight selected soil Stations in the Babylon and Al Qadisiyyah. The main target of the research is to study the physical, chemical, and compressive strength properties of these soils and their suitability for manufacturing ordinary clay bricks. It was found through the evaluation of the soils of the studied samples that their physical properties ranged as follows: the water content (13.52-31.88%) and the grain size analysis of the proportions of sand, silt, and clay as follows: (5-27%) (38-48%) (33-47%), respectively. The values of the Atterberg limits ranged as follows: the plastic limit ratios (13-21%), liquid limit (34-49%), plasticity index (13-28%), and the specific gravity ranged between (2.43-2.67). As for the chemical properties of the studied samples, they consist of a lot of silicates, carbonate calcium, and calcium oxide. Studied samples were characterized by water absorption 15-24%, and the efflorescence is varied from medium, low to nil. The soil samples are consequently considered as a suitable material for the manufacture of ordinary bricks in grades A and B based on Iraqi Standard specifications No. 25.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI DAN TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.)TERHADAP PENYERAPAN LOGAM BERAT TEMBAGA (Cu) DAN TIMBAL (Pb) PADA LAHAN BERPASIR

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Sudaryono .
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

In general, coastal areas have the physical and chemical properties of lessfertile land with an extreme dry climate, so that only a few plants that can live,including Jatropha curcas L. To enhance fertility and improve soil physicalproperties, need the addition of organic fertilizer. Source of compost canbe derived from a variety of wastes, including household waste and landfill.Quality compost landfill taken from Piyungan, Yogyakarta, has a high content of organic C, pH neutral, low N concentration, with the ratio C/N is very high. But compost landfill has an obstacle in the form of heavy metal containing high Cu and Pb. To prevent accumulation heavy metals into plant tissue or clean up heavy metals from the soil it was attempted by phytoremediation using jatropha plantation and bio-fertilizer that contains bacteria Azotobacter sp and Pseudomonas sp.From the research results can be informed that: (1) The city compost and biological fertilizers, can increase soil fertility with increasing nutrient content in soil. (2) Biofertilizers could inhibit the accumulation of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) into Jatropha curcas L., (3)Jatropha plant can be classified as phytoremediation plants, because it can absorption heavy metals into leaf tissue.Key words: landfill compost , bio fertilizer, jatropha plants, heavy metals

scholarly journals Evaluation of hydromechanical behavior and macro-structure of an expansive soil in the city of Paulista-PE Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Felipe Araújo Silva Barbosa ◽  
Arthur Gomes Dantas de Araújo ◽  
Thalita Cristina Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Izabela Medeiros de Lima Bezerra ◽  
Antonio Celso Dantas Antonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Before And After ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Wetting Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

The characterization of the structural arrangement of an unsaturated soil is important for the understanding of its behavior. For expansive soils, obtaining this information and combining it with an understanding of their intrinsic and extrinsic properties, makes it possible to predict their performance. The experimental procedure for this study was developed using the expansive soil of the Maria Farinha formation in the city of Paulista, in Pernambuco, Brazil. Physical and chemical characterization tests, edometric tests with wetting, and structural analysis through X-Ray computed tomography were performed for both undisturbed and compacted samples, before and after wetting and swelling. The compaction process was performed without any prior air drying and without loosening, beginning with the field moisture level. Based on its liquid limit and plasticity index, the soil can be classified as CH according to the USCS, moderately acidic, with a swelling potential ranging from high to very high, depending on the initial suction of the sample. The analysis of the soil macro-structure revealed a smaller number of voids in the compacted samples. In addition, it was found that the wetting process caused a reduction of the soil macro pores, in both cases.

Resources Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3463-3469
Author(s):  
Heng Lin Xiao ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Simple Analysis ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Incineration is an effective way for amega-city to dispose of its substantial Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) in China. But more than 20% of the waste (by weight) will retain in combustor ash, producing a great amount of ash. How to deal with the incineration ash has become a critical problem to the city developing. By the simple analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the ash, and to basis of the beneficial use of municipal waste combustion ash in some countries, the ways of the resource utilization of the bottom ash mainly are discussed in the paper. In addition, engineering and environmental requirements for ash utilization are also analyzed.

scholarly journals Tropical Volcanic Residual Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prahara Iqbal ◽  
Dicky Muslim ◽  
Zufialdi Zakaria ◽  
Haryadi Permana ◽  
Arifan Jaya Syahbana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Residual Soils ◽  
Earth Construction ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
Corrosion Of Steel

In West Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia, tropical volcanic residual soils are formed from weathering of volcanic breccias in hydrothermal alteration areas with a thickness of up to 20 m. This soil has the characteristics of clayey silt, low to high plasticity, brownish-red color, has the potential to swelling, easily eroded, and slide when it is saturated, and contains the minerals kaolinite, halloysite, illite, dickite, nacrite, montmorillonite, despujolsite, hematite, and magnetite. The results showed that this soil can cause corrosion of steel and is widely used by the community as a medium for growing plants and vegetables and as a foundation for infrastructure (for example, houses). The volcanic residual soil of the research area had Low Rare Earth Element (LREE) potential and specific uses. The soil with characteristic low plasticity has Liquid Limit (LL) brine value <50% will be suitable for agriculture purposes, building foundations, and earth construction. At the same time, the other category is soil with intermediate to high plasticity characteristics, which has an Liquid Limit (LL) brine value >50%, was more ideal for the primary forest.

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