Modeling Mineralogy and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) from X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Elemental Data for Improved Formation Evaluation in the Powder River Basin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole R. Hart ◽  
Michael C. Dix ◽  
Pukar Mainali ◽  
Harold D. Rowe ◽  
Austin Morrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Powder River Basin ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Data

Total Organic Carbon And Formation Evaluation With Wireline Logs In The Green River Oil Shale

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Herron ◽  
Jim Grau ◽  
Susan L. Herron ◽  
Robert L. Kleinberg ◽  
Malka Machlus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Green River ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
Wireline Logs

Correlation of chemostratigraphy, total organic carbon, sequence stratigraphy, and bioturbation in the Woodford Shale of south-central Oklahoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. SC43-SC54
Author(s):  
Sabrina M. Coleman ◽  
Douglas W. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Woodford Shale ◽  
X Ray ◽  
South Central ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Water Conditions

Technological advances in handheld X-ray fluorescence (HHXRF) have been instrumental in demonstrating the utility of chemostratigraphic data to create higher order sequence stratigraphic interpretations. This study seeks to identify the correlation between chemostratigraphy, total organic carbon, sequence stratigraphy, and bioturbation in the Woodford Shale of south-central Oklahoma using HHXRF and X-ray diffraction technologies. The use of multiproxy correlations allows for higher confidence identifying lateral changes in the Woodford Shale. Elemental data collected through HHXRF can be used as proxies to better understand the depositional environment of a formation. Titanium, Zr, K, and Al are all proxies for transgression and regression. Silica is associated with so many different elements that Si alone does not provide useful information; however, the ratio of Si/Al coupled with detrital proxies can give information on the presence of possible algal blooms, continentally derived sediment, or hiatal surfaces. Furthermore, relationships between other elements can give further understanding to bottom-water conditions at the time of deposition. This study examines the relationships between Mo, V, Ni, and P along with other elements and laboratory-collected data to further understand the bottom-water conditions during deposition of the organic-rich muds that make up the Woodford Shale in south-central Oklahoma. To some extent, it is then possible to correlate these higher-resolution understandings to open-hole well logs to increase our understanding, where the core is unavailable.

Effect of total organic carbon and aquatic humic substances on the occurrence of lead at the tap

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa D. Winning ◽  
Beata Gorczyca ◽  
Kenneth Brezinski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Aquatic Humic Substances ◽  
Lead Release ◽  
The City

Homes with lead service lines (LSLs) in the City of Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, were found to exceed the provincial standard of 10 μg/L for lead in drinking water. Solids identified by X-ray diffraction of LSL scale were Pb5O8 and PbO2, indicating that lead(II) solids in the LSL scale have been oxidized to lead(IV) solids by free chlorine residuals. Natural organic matter (NOM) can reduce PbO2 within a few hours, and Brandon treated water has high levels of NOM at approximately 5–7.6 mg/L as total organic carbon (TOC). As water stagnates in the LSL during periods of no water use the free chlorine residual is depleted, permitting PbO2 to oxidize NOM and be reduced to more soluble lead(II) species, resulting in an increase in dissolved lead concentrations. Although it is generally believed that aquatic humic substances (AHS) are primarily responsible for the reductant capacity of NOM, removal of AHS from the treated water resulted in a 6% decrease in lead release from PbO2, while removal of 50% of total NOM resulted in a 75% decrease in lead release. AHS and TOC were not found to play a significant role in the reduction of PbO2 in this water.

scholarly journals Using BiVO4/CuO-Based Photoelectrocatalyzer for 4-Nitrophenol Degradation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Martimiano do Prado ◽  
Fernando Lindo Silva ◽  
Guilherme Grosseli ◽  
Pedro Sergio Fadini ◽  
Orlando Fatibello-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Munk Function ◽  
Nitrophenol Degradation

The present work reports the degradation of 4-nitrophenol using BiVO4/CuO hybrid material synthesized by the precipitation of BiVO4 in the presence of CuO. Morphological and structural characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Through the calculation of the Kubelka–Munk function applied to diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry data, the hybrid material presented absorption edge of 1.85 eV. The formation of p-n heterojunction between BiVO4 and CuO renders the hybrid material suitable for the construction of a photoanode employed in hydroxyl radical generation. UV–vis spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography experiments were performed in order to monitor the degradation of 4-nitrophenol and the formation of secondary products. Additional information regarding the hybrid material was obtained through ion chromatography and total organic carbon analyses. The application of BiVO4/CuO-based photocatalyzer led to a 50.2% decrease in total organic carbon after the degradation of 4-nitrophenol. Based on the results obtained in the study, BiVO4/CuO has proved to be a promising material suitable for the removal of recalcitrant compounds in water treatment plants.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ASSISTÊNCIA MEMBER, IRATI FORMATION, PARANÁ BASIN, BRAZIL: ORGANIC MATTER AND MINERALOGY / CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO MEMBRO DO ASSISTÊNCIA, FORMAÇÃO IRATI, BACIA DO PARANÁ, BRASIL: MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA E MINERALOGIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werlem Holanda ◽  
Sergio Bergamaschi ◽  
Anderson Costa dos Santos ◽  
René Rodrigues ◽  
Luiz Carlos Bertolino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Irati Formation ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Parana Basin

Currently, the Irati Formation, in Paraná Basin, Brazil, represents one of the world's largest reserves of oil shale. Among the shale-derived products stands out the fuel oil, gas, naphtha, fuel, liquefied gas, and sulfur, in addition to byproducts that can be used by the asphalt, cement, agricultural, and ceramics industries. This study describes and illustrates features of organic-rich shales of the Lower Permian Assistência Member, Irati Formation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was combined with energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometric (EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (S), insoluble residue (IR) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis to characterize the mineral composition, organic matter distribution and different types of pore at the micrometer scale. These analyses were performed on samples from well SP-32-PR located in the Sapopema township, Northeast Paraná State, in South of Brazil. The investigations demonstrated that the Assistance Member has high total organic carbon (TOC) content, generation potential (S2) and hydrogen index (HI), but is in an immature stage. The mineralogical content of the Assistência Member presents intervals rich in quartz, plagioclase, carbonates and clay minerals. Pores distribution includes intraparticle within organic matter and interparticle pores in pyrite framboids, surrounding quartz grains and between organic matter and mineral grains. ResumoAtualmente, a Formação Irati, na Bacia do Paraná, no Brasil, representa uma das maiores reservas mundiais de Petróleo de xisto. Entre os produtos derivados do xisto, destacam-se o óleo combustível, gás, nafta, combustível, gás liquefeito e enxofre, além de subprodutos que podem ser utilizados pelas indústrias de asfalto, cimento, agricultura e cerâmica. Este estudo descreve e ilustra características de xistos ricos em matéria orgânica do Membro Permiano Inferior Assistência, Formação Irati. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM) foi combinada com Espectrometria de Raios-X de energia dispersiva (EDS), Difração de Raios-X (XRD), carbono orgânico total (COT), enxofre total (S), resíduo insolúvel (IV) e pirólise Rock-Eval para a caracterização da composição mineral, distribuição da matéria orgânica e diferentes tipos de poros à escala micrométrica. Essas análises foram realizadas em amostras do poço SP-32-PR localizadas no município de Sapopema, no nordeste do Paraná, no sul do Brasil. As investigações demonstraram que o Membro de Assistência possui elevado teor de carbono orgânico total (TOC), potencial de geração (S2) e índice de hidrogênio (HI), mas está em um estágio imaturo. O conteúdo mineralógico do Membro Assistência apresenta intervalos ricos em quartzo, plagioclásio, carbonatos e minerais argilosos. A distribuição dos poros inclui intra-partículas na matéria orgânica e poros inter-partículas em framboides de pirita, nos grãos de quartzo circundantes e na matéria orgânica e noutros grãos minerais.

scholarly journals Szacowanie ilości materii organicznej na podstawie zawartości pierwiastków śladowych

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Anna Przelaskowska ◽  
◽  
Urszula Zagórska ◽  
Maja Mroczkowska-Szerszeń ◽  
Konrad Ziemianin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer

Many trace elements are associated with organic matter. The total organic carbon (TOC) content can be thus calculated basing on the chemical composition measurements. The aim of the presented paper was to evaluate the possibility of estimating the organic matter amount on the basis of trace elements such as: Ni, Cu, Mo, U, V, Zn, Cr, Sr, Pb and Co, for Silurian black shales. Correlations between individual elements and total organic carbon were analysed. Next, mathematical models allowing to calculate the amount of organic matter based on the content of elements significantly related to TOC were constructed. Both more accurate chemical composition analyses (ICP-MS mass spectrometry method) and measurements of lower detectability performed with portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer EDXRF were used. The relationships between the content of trace elements and the total organic carbon content TOC were found for such elements as: V, Cu, U, Ni, Mo, Cr (ICP-MS) and V, Cu , Cr and Ni (XRF). Mathematical models allowing for TOC quantification based on trace elements, characterized by determination coefficients R2 from 0.84 to 0.92 (for ICP MS method) and from 0.75 to 0.78 (for XRF method) were obtained with the use of the multiple regression method. The mathematical models allow to calculate the content of organic matter TOC for Silurian black shales on the basis of trace element data obtained by both mass spectrometry ICP-MS and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry EDXRF. The possibility of using measurements made with a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is particularly important. Such measurements are fast and can be carried out on cuttings during the drilling process. Models based on XRF results therefore allow for quick modelling of the TOC content during the drilling process.

INFLUENCE OF RECENT LAND USE CHANGE ON TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON STOCK IN HUMOR RIVER BASIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai-Gabriel Balan ◽  
Eugen Rusu ◽  
Oana Profir ◽  
Diana Bobric
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

scholarly journals Microstructural characterisation of organic-rich shale before and after pyrolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Uvarova ◽  
Alexey Yurikov ◽  
Marina Pervukhina ◽  
Maxim Lebedev ◽  
Valeriya Shulakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Fracture Initiation ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
X Ray

Organic-rich shales, traditionally considered as source rocks, have recently become an ambitious goal for the oil and gas industry as important unconventional reservoirs. Understanding of the initiation and development of fractures in organic-rich shales is crucially important as fractures could drastically increase the permeability of these otherwise low-permeable rocks. Fracturing can be induced by rapid decomposition of organic matter caused by either natural heating, such as emplacement of magmatic bodies into sedimentary basins, or thermal methods used for enhanced oil recovery. In this work the authors study fracture initiation and development caused by dry pyrolysis of Kimmeridge shale, which is characterised with a high total organic carbon content of more than 20%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis exhibits high carbonate (both calcite and dolomite) and low clay (illite) content. Field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) shows that kerogen is presented either as a load-bearing matrix or as a filling of the primary porosity with pores being of micron size. Cylindrical samples of the Kimmeridge shale are heated up to temperatures in the range of 330–430°C. High-resolution X-ray microtomographic (micro-CT) images are obtained. The microtomographic images are processed using AVIZO (Visualization Sciences Group) to identify and statistically characterise large kerogen-filled pores and pre-existing and initiated cracks. The relationship between the total area of fractures and the temperature experienced by the sample has been obtained. Total organic carbon content is determined for samples subjected to heating experiments. This approach enables a quantitative analysis of fracture initiation and development in organic-rich shales during heating.

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