Effect of soil compost application on the dry matter and Ca contents of the leaves in an organic apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-328
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó ◽  
Ádám Csihon ◽  
Andrea Balla-Kovács ◽  
István Gonda ◽  
Imre Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Compost Application

Ökológiai termesztésű almaültetvényben eltérő komposztadagok (0, 10, 25 és 50 kg N·ha−1) hatását vizsgáltuk a talaj tápelemtartalmának változására (0–30 és 30–60 cm-es mélységben). Mértük az egyes almafajták (Golden Delicious és Pinova) levelének szárazanyag- és Ca-tartalmát, továbbá vizsgáltuk e paraméterek alakulásának egymáshoz való viszonyát.A szabadföldi kísérletet a Debreceni Egyetem Kertészettudományi Intézetének Pallagi Kísérleti Telepén, a talaj- és növényminták analízisét az Agrokémiai és Talajtani Intézet laboratóriumaiban végeztük.A 2011. és 2012. évi eredményeket összevetve lényeges csökkenés mutatkozott a talaj AL-oldható P-tartalmában. Az évek múlásával jelentősen nőtt azonban a talajban a nitrát-, ammónia-, szerves-N és CaCl2-Mg tartalom a kijuttatott komposztadagok hatására. Az AL-K, -Ca, -Mg, a CaCl2-P, -K mennyisége és a pH közel azonosnak mondható.Az első kísérleti évben (2010-ben) még nem volt hatása a komposztnak. 2011-ben már észleltünk hatást, de a fagykár miatt nem volt termés a fákon. 2012-ben a nagy termésterhelés mellett is növekedést tapasztaltunk a szárazanyag-tartalom alakulásában mind a Golden Delicious, mind a Pinova fajták esetében. Adott kezeléseken belül az eltérő termésmennyiségekkel, továbbá az évjárattal összefüggő tendenciákat fedeztünk fel. A rendkívül csapadékos évben (2010) alacsony, míg az aszályos évben (2012) nagy szárazanyag-tartalom értékeket mértünk a levélben. A Golden Delicious és a Pinova esetében kapott tendencia fajtától, kezelés- és termesztés-technológiától függetlenül hasonló.A komposzt hatására 2010-ben a Golden Delicious leveleiben kismértékű, a Pinova leveleiben szignifikáns Ca-tartalombeli növekedést mértünk. Az évjárat hatásáról elmondható, hogy csapadékos évben a szakirodalmi adatoknál magasabb, míg száraz, terméshiányos évben alacsonyabb Ca-tartalommal számolhattunk. Bár a Ca-szintek alakulása tendenciájában megegyezett a két almafajta esetében, mégis megállapítható, hogy a Pinova leveleinek elemtartalma nagyobb volt, mint a Golden Delicious fáké.A levelek szárazanyag-tartalma és Ca-tartalma között fordított arányosságot bizonyítottunk.

One-step reconstruction of multi-generation pedigree networks in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and the parentage of Golden Delicious

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Salvi ◽  
Diego Micheletti ◽  
Pierluigi Magnago ◽  
Marco Fontanari ◽  
Roberto Viola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals GROWTH AND FRUIT PRODUCTION OF YOUNG MICROPROPAGATED APPLE (MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.) TREES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 637f-637
Author(s):  
Fenton E. Larsen ◽  
Stewart S. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
Golden Delicious

Tree size, cumulative yield, yield efficiency and anchorage of 6 micropropagated (MP) apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars were determined in 1991 after 5 years of production, as compared with trees on seedling (sdlg) or M 7a roots. Trees were planted in 1984, with crops harvested from 1987 through 1991. Trees were generally smallest (trunk cross-sectional area) on M 7a and were largest with 4 cultivars (`Delicious', `Jonathan', `Rome', `Spartan') when micropropagated. `Golden Delicious' (GD) was largest on sdlg. Cumulative yield was affected by a scion × rootstock interaction, with few trends in scion or rootstock effects. Mean cumulative yield was 84 kg tree-1, 71 and 58 for M 7a, MP and sdlg, respectively. Yield efficiency was also affected by a scion × rootstock interaction. In 1991, mean yield efficiency was 0.5 kg cm-2 for sdlg and MP trees, but was 1.05 for M 7a. Efficiency on M 7a was superior to other rootstocks with all scions except `GD', while sdlg and MP trees were statistically similar with all scions. All trees leaned in response to prevailing westerly winds, with trees on sdlg tending to be more upright than MP or M 7a trees.

scholarly journals Short communication. Effective pollination period in "RedChief" and "Golden Delicious" apples (Malus domestica Borkh)

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 928 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Guerrero Prieto ◽  
A. Rascón Chu ◽  
A. Romo Chacón ◽  
D.I. Berlanga Reyes ◽  
J.A. Orozco Avitia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CALCIUM LEVELS ON CATION CONCENTRATION IN LEAVES AND FRUIT OF APPLE TREES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. HOGUE ◽  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
J. L. MASON ◽  
B. G. DROUGHT
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Cation Concentration ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Calcium Cations ◽  
Mg Content

Increasing the calcium levels from 32 to 256 mg/L in a Long Ashton nutrient solution increased the Ca but decreased the Mg content in leaves and fruit of three cultivars of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) grown in solution. Simultaneously, the levels of K were reduced and the levels of Mn were increased.in the leaves but levels of K were not affected in the fruit. The cation levels in leaves differed between cultivars and years of testing. Golden Delicious leaves had consistently higher levels of Ca than Delicious and McIntosh, and higher K and Mn, but not Mg than McIntosh. The levels of Mg and Mn in Golden Delicious leaves were significantly lower than in Delicious but K levels were higher.Key words: Calcium, cations, apple, hydroponics

scholarly journals Genetic and environmental control of fruit maturation, dry matter and firmness in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chagné ◽  
Daya Dayatilake ◽  
Robert Diack ◽  
Murray Oliver ◽  
Hilary Ireland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh

scholarly journals Profiling of Phenolic Compounds and Triterpene Acids of Twelve Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Cultivars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Elisabeta-Irina Geană ◽  
Corina Teodora Ciucure ◽  
Roxana Elena Ionete ◽  
Alexandru Ciocârlan ◽  
Aculina Aricu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Triterpene Acids ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), a popular and widely cultivated fruit world-wide, contains bioactive compounds responsible for their health benefits. Here we report the amounts of some bioactive compounds: two major triterpenes (oleanolic and ursolic acids) and polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonoids and t-resveratrol), together with bioactive properties of twelve apple cultivars measured by chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Significant variations were found comparing the bioactive potential of the investigated cultivars. High contents of phenolic acids were identified in the Montuan, Golden Delicious and Cretesc cultivars, while the most flavonoid dominant was the Richard cultivar. Starkrimson, Jonatan, Beliy Naliv and Richard cultivars present higher antioxidant capacity. Oleanolic acid ranged from 11 to 83 mg/g apple extract, while ursolic acid ranged from 55 to 436 mg/g apple extract, with higher amounts in Richard and Montuan cultivars. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed the discrimination of apple cultivars depending on polyphenolic and triterpene acids composition. Caffeic acid, gallic acid and epicatechin were identified as the main bioactive compounds in Starkrimson, Jonathan, Beliy Naliv and Richard cultivars, while ursolic and oleanolic acids were identified in high amounts in Richard, Montuan, Golden Delicious, Idared and Beliy Naliv apple cultivars. The results obtained in this study will contribute to the understanding of the bioactive composition of apples as well as the importance of their capitalization to obtain value-added products that promote human health.

scholarly journals Ecologization of apple seedlings cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
N. I. Klimenko ◽  
O. E. Klimenko ◽  
A. I. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect

The influence of microbial preparations (MP) on the growth and condition of apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) seedlings and the nutrition elements regime of the soil in the fruit nursery in two cultivars: Golden Delicious and Rennet Simirenko on the stock EM-IX have been studied. It was established that the applied MPs had a positive effect on the growth, condition of the rootstocks, the survival rate of the graft eyes and the degree of their winter hardiness. The stimulating influence of MP on the growth and yield of grafted apple seedlings has been established. Nutritional conditions improved and the content of mobile forms of element nutrition increases in the rhizosphere of seedlings. The individual reaction of the cultivar to interaction with the introduced bacteria is shown.

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