Effect of double nursing on some anatomical and physiological properties of the digestive tract of rabbits between 23 and 44 days of age

Anatomical and physiological properties of the digestive tract were examined and compared in young rabbits nursed either by one (SS) or by two does (DD) daily up to the age of 35 days. At the age of 23, 30, 37 and 44 days, 8 young per treatment were euthanised. Double suckling and the subsequent higher level of solid feed intake after weaning were found to exert a stronger influence on the weight of the entire gastrointestinal tract and that of its individual parts (the stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon) than on its length. The quantity of the gastric content was found to rise with advancing age in both groups (from 36 to 70g and from 37.5 to 79g). In both groups the pH of the stomach was higher during the suckling period (4.5-5.3) than subsequent to weaning (1.6-2.4). The quantity of the caecal content also increased with age (from 4 or 8g), but on the 37th day significantly higher quantities of caecal content were recorded in DD rabbits (50.5g compared with 35g). The pH of the caecal content decreased more slowly from an initial high value (6.0 and 6.5 in SS and DD rabbits, respectively), and by the 37th day had settled at a low value (5.7-5.8) in both groups. The dry matter content of the caecal content decreased from 270-273g to 188-207g in both groups. Total volatile fatty acid (tVFA) and acetic acid (C2) concentration, which amounted to 66-88% of tVFA, rose; in SS rabbits they were at higher levels by the 30th day (53.6 and 42.2mmol/L, respectively), and remained at an increased level until the 44th day (P<0.05). The ratio of C3:C4 was high on the 23rd day (2.5 and 2.4), but dropped at the age of 30 days (0.5 in SS and 1.7 in DD, P<0.05) and, further, by the 37th day (0.2 in SS). In SS rabbits coliform count proved significantly lower (105) on the 23rd day than in DD rabbits (106). By the 37th day this count had decreased in both groups and subsequently remained at a low level (<104). By the 23rd day Bacteroides were present in large quantities (108) in the caecum and showed no change with advancing age or feeding regime.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS’ WITH POLYOLS

Food Industry: Science and Technology ◽

10.47612/2073-4794-2021-14-3(53)-19-31 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3(53)) ◽

pp. 19-31

Author(s):

Alena Mikhailovna Marhunova ◽

Tatsiana Viacheslavovna Shugaeva ◽

Ksеnia Nikolaevna Gershonchik

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Complex Analysis ◽

Matter Content ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Added Sugar ◽

Physiological Properties ◽

Confectionery Products

The article substantiates the relevance of the development of confectionery products with a reduced content of easily digestible carbohydrates and content of calories’, including those suitable for diabetic nutrition. A comparative analysis of the technological and physiological properties of sweeteners (polyols) was carried out and showed the prospects of using sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol and maltitol syrup for the manufacture of musli-bars without added sugar, including those suitable for diabetic nutrition. The processes of heat treatment of syrups with sweeteners are studied, regression equations are selected that allow determining the dry matter content in the syrup at a certain temperature or setting the temperature to which it is necessary to boil the syrup to achieve the required dry matter content. The influence of sweeteners on the dynamic viscosity of syrups and the strength of bars is studied. The determination of the mass fraction of total sugar (in terms as sucrose) was carried out, according to the results of which the developed products were classified as specialized products of diabetic nutrition. The complex analysis allowed to determine the optimal sweetener and, based on the results obtained, developed recipes for musli-bars without added sugar: «Cereals with raspberries», «Cereals with hazelnuts», «Cereals with blueberries».

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Some effects of bran and cellulose on the water relationships in the digesta and faeces of pigs Part II. The effects of adding different levels of fibrous cellulose to a highly digestible purified ration

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600029646 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 340-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. H. Cooper ◽

C. Tyler

Keyword(s):

Digestive Tract ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Faecal Material ◽

Fibrous Cellulose ◽

Different Levels ◽

Basal Ration

1. Two experiments have been described in which pigs were fed different levels of fibrous cellulose superimposed on a highly digestible purified basal ration. These experiments involved 24 hr. faecal collections and ultimate slaughter of the animals, together with analysis of faecal material and gut contents.2. The results of these experiments, together with those from experiments described in the previous paper in this series, have provided the basis for a discussion of the effects of adding bran and cellulose to pig rations, and of the influence of the progress of the residues of feeds through the digestive tract, on the pattern of excretion and the dry matter content of the faeces.

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Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.57.2009.2.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

G. Hadi

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Matter Content ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

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1239 Sources of variation in dry matter content and particle size distribution in total mixed rations in dairy farms in Argentina

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jam2016-1239 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽

pp. 596-597

Author(s):

P. Turiello ◽

M. Ruiz de Huidobro ◽

F. Bargo ◽

A. Larriestra ◽

A. Relling

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Sources Of Variation

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Persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and its dependence on the biochemical composition

Kartofel` i ovoshi ◽

10.25630/pav.2020.48.63.001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Е.В. Янченко

Keyword(s):

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Matter Content ◽

White Rot ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Modern Varieties

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.

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