Coupling In-Situ Techniques to Analyze Zinc Deposition and Dissolution for Energy Storage Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme Keist ◽  
Christine Orme ◽  
Frances Ross ◽  
Dan Steingart ◽  
Paul Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Zinc Deposition ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Analysis

ABSTRACTThis investigation describes preliminary results of in-situ analysis of zinc deposition within an ionic liquid electrolyte utilizing electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC AFM). From the AFM analysis, the morphology of the zinc deposition was analyzed by quantifying the surface roughness using height-height correlation functions. These results will be used to analyze the scattering data obtained from zinc deposition analysis utilizing an electrochemical ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (EC USAXS). The goal of this research is to link the early nucleation and growth behavior to the formation of detrimental morphologies.

In situ X-ray Scattering Study of the Formation of Au Nano Crystals During Thermal Annealing

2007 ◽  
Vol 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Young Noh ◽  
Ki-Hyun Ryu ◽  
Hyon Chol Kang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Bragg Reflection ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Au Thin Films ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractThe transformation of Au thin films grown on sapphire (0001) substrates into nano crystals during thermal annealing was investigated by in situ synchrotron x-ray scattering and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). By monitoring the Au(111) Bragg reflection and the low Q reflectivity and comparing them with ex situ AFM images, we found that polygonal-shape holes were nucleated and grow initially. As the holes grow larger and contact each other, their boundary turns into Au nano crystals. The Au nano crystals have a well-defined (111) flat top surface and facets in the in-plane direction.

scholarly journals Compared EC-AFM Analysis of Laser-Induced Graphene and Graphite Electrodes in Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7333
Author(s):  
Claudia Filoni ◽  
Bahram Shirzadi ◽  
Marco Menegazzo ◽  
Eugenio Martinelli ◽  
Corrado Di Natale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Acid Electrolyte ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Analysis ◽  
And Performance

Flexible and economic sensor devices are the focus of increasing interest for their potential and wide applications in medicine, food analysis, pollution, water quality, etc. In these areas, the possibility of using stable, reproducible, and pocket devices can simplify the acquisition of data. Among recent prototypes, sensors based on laser-induced graphene (LIGE) on Kapton represent a feasible choice. In particular, LIGE devices are also exploited as electrodes for sensing in liquids. Despite a characterization with electrochemical (EC) methods in the literature, a closer comparison with traditional graphite electrodes is still missing. In this study, we combine atomic force microscopy with an EC cell (EC-AFM) to study, in situ, electrode oxidation reactions when LIGE or other graphite samples are used as anodes inside an acid electrolyte. This investigation shows the quality and performance of the LIGE electrode with respect to other samples. Finally, an ex situ Raman spectroscopy analysis allows a detailed chemical analysis of the employed electrodes.

Hydrolysis of the Nafion® precursor studied by X-ray scattering and in-situ atomic force microscopy

e-Polymers ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Elliott ◽  
Paul J. James ◽  
Terence J. McMaster ◽  
John M. Newton ◽  
Alice M. S. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Ionic Clusters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractThe hydrolysis of Nafion® † precursor material to a perfluorosulfonate ion exchange membrane has been studied in situ at the surface of a sample using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and in the bulk using a combination of small and wide-angle X-ray scattering. The AFM results show that there is a rapid and significant change in the surface morphology of the sample during the first 12 min after the introduction of aqueous hydroxyl ions, provided that an appropriate swelling agent is used. After this point there is little change in surface morphology, although bulk swelling of the sample continues. The wide-angle X-ray scattering results indicate a significant drop in the degree of crystallinity of fluorocarbon matrix from 14±1% to 7±1% on hydrolysis, as a result of the bulk structural reordering necessary to accommodate the formation of ionic clusters. Ionic clustering is confirmed by the appearance of a characteristic small-angle X-ray peak. However, the peak forms towards the end of the hydrolysis process, and subsequently coarsens, suggesting that the formation of ionic clusters is a slow process compared to the rate of hydrolysis. It is confirmed that an appropriate water/solvent mixture is necessary to achieve an efficient conversion of precursor to membrane. AFM images of the precursor surface, when water alone is used, show no signs of structural change.

scholarly journals Bicontinuous Gyroid Phase of a Water-Swollen Wedge-Shaped Amphiphile: Studies with In-Situ Grazing-Incidence X-ray Scattering and Atomic Force Microscopy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2892
Author(s):  
Kseniia N. Grafskaia ◽  
Azaliia F. Akhkiamova ◽  
Dmitry V. Vashurkin ◽  
Denis S. Kotlyarskiy ◽  
Diego Pontoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Double Gyroid ◽  
Ray Scattering

We report on formation of a bicontinuous double gyroid phase by a wedge-shaped amphiphilic mesogen, pyridinium 4′-[3″,4″,5″-tris-(octyloxy)benzoyloxy]azobenzene-4-sulfonate. It is found that this compound can self-organize in zeolite-like structures adaptive to environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, solvent vapors). Depending on the type of the phase, the structure contains 1D, 2D, or 3D networks of nanometer-sized ion channels. Of particular interest are bicontinuous phases, such as the double gyroid phase, as they hold promise for applications in separation and energy. Specially designed environmental cells compatible with grazing-incidence X-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy enable simultaneous measurements of structural parameters/morphology during vapor-annealing treatment at different temperatures. Such in-situ approach allows finding the environmental conditions at which the double gyroid phase can be formed and provide insights on the supramolecular structure of thin films at different spatial levels.

scholarly journals Ultrafine metal-polymer catalysts based on polyconjugated systems for Fisher–Tropsch synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-984
Author(s):  
Mayya V. Kulikova ◽  
Albert B. Kulikov ◽  
Alexey E. Kuz’min ◽  
Anton L. Maximov
Keyword(s):  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
Fe Catalyst ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
And Function ◽  
Metal Polymer

AbstractFor previously studied Fischer–Tropsch nanosized Fe catalyst slurries, polymer compounds with or without polyconjugating structures are used as precursors to form the catalyst nanomatrix in situ, and several catalytic experiments and X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy measurements are performed. The important and different roles of the paraffin molecules in the slurry medium in the formation and function of composite catalysts with the two types of aforementioned polymer matrices are revealed. In the case of the polyconjugated polymers, the alkanes in the medium are “weakly” coordinated with the metal-polymer composites, which does not affect the effectiveness of the polyconjugated polymers. Otherwise, alkane molecules form a “tight” surface layer around the composite particles, which create transport complications for the reagents and products of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and, in some cases, can change the course of the in situ catalyst formation.

Atomic force microscopy of in situ deformed nickel thin films

1999 ◽  
Vol 353 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coupeau ◽  
J.F. Naud ◽  
F. Cleymand ◽  
P. Goudeau ◽  
J. Grilhé
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force
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