High Throughput Electrochemical Method for Contact Optimization in Printed Rectifying Diodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri S. Heljo ◽  
Himadri S. Majumdar ◽  
Donald Lupo
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anodic Oxide ◽  
Oxide Thickness ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Organic Devices ◽  
Anodic Oxidation Method ◽  
Semiconductor Contact

ABSTRACTWe report a low cost and high throughput electrochemical anodic oxidation method to enhance the metal-semiconductor contact between a silver electrode and an organic semiconductor in a rectifying diode application. The oxidized layer enhances the contact properties, leading to better device performance. Three different anodic oxide thicknesses were used in the study. Current-voltage and AC rectification measurements were used to characterize the printed devices. The DC output voltage of the half-wave rectifier increased consistently as a function of the oxide thickness. This procedure points toward a cost-effective way to optimize printed organic devices.

scholarly journals High-throughput, cost-effective verification of structural DNA assembly

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. e22-e22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandi Dharmadi ◽  
Kedar Patel ◽  
Elaine Shapland ◽  
Daniel Hollis ◽  
Todd Slaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Pathway Engineering ◽  
Dna Assembly ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Enzyme Screening ◽  
First Time

Abstract DNA ‘assembly’ from ‘building blocks’ remains a cornerstone in synthetic biology, whether it be for gene synthesis (∼1 kb), pathway engineering (∼10 kb) or synthetic genomes (>100 kb). Despite numerous advances in the techniques used for DNA assembly, verification of the assembly is still a necessity, which becomes cost-prohibitive and a logistical challenge with increasing scale. Here we describe for the first time a comprehensive, high-throughput solution for structural DNA assembly verification by restriction digest using exhaustive in silico enzyme screening, rolling circle amplification of plasmid DNA, capillary electrophoresis and automated digest pattern recognition. This low-cost and robust methodology has been successfully used to screen over 31 000 clones of DNA constructs at <$1 per sample.

scholarly journals Detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants with SNP genotyping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Harper ◽  
Amanda J. Burridge ◽  
Mark Winfield ◽  
Adam Finn ◽  
Andrew D. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Snp Genotyping ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Marker Panel ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Genotyping Panel

AbstractTracking genetic variations from positive SARS-CoV-2 samples yields crucial information about the number of variants circulating in an outbreak and the possible lines of transmission but sequencing every positive SARS-CoV-2 sample would be prohibitively costly for population-scale test and trace operations. Genotyping is a rapid, high-throughput and low-cost alternative for screening positive SARS-CoV-2 samples in many settings. We have designed a SNP identification pipeline to identify genetic variation using sequenced SARS-CoV-2 samples. Our pipeline identifies a minimal marker panel that can define distinct genotypes. To evaluate the system we developed a genotyping panel to detect variants-identified from SARS-CoV-2 sequences surveyed between March and May 2020- and tested this on 50 stored qRT-PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples that had been collected across the South West of the UK in April 2020. The 50 samples split into 15 distinct genotypes and there was a 76% probability that any two randomly chosen samples from our set of 50 would have a distinct genotype. In a high throughput laboratory, qRT-PCR positive samples pooled into 384-well plates could be screened with our marker panel at a cost of < £1.50 per sample. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of a SNP genotyping panel to provide a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable way to monitor SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in an outbreak. Our analysis pipeline is publicly available and will allow for marker panels to be updated periodically as viral genotypes arise or disappear from circulation.

scholarly journals Detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants with SNP genotyping

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0243185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Harper ◽  
Amanda Burridge ◽  
Mark Winfield ◽  
Adam Finn ◽  
Andrew Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Snp Genotyping ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Marker Panel ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Genotyping Panel

Tracking genetic variations from positive SARS-CoV-2 samples yields crucial information about the number of variants circulating in an outbreak and the possible lines of transmission but sequencing every positive SARS-CoV-2 sample would be prohibitively costly for population-scale test and trace operations. Genotyping is a rapid, high-throughput and low-cost alternative for screening positive SARS-CoV-2 samples in many settings. We have designed a SNP identification pipeline to identify genetic variation using sequenced SARS-CoV-2 samples. Our pipeline identifies a minimal marker panel that can define distinct genotypes. To evaluate the system, we developed a genotyping panel to detect variants-identified from SARS-CoV-2 sequences surveyed between March and May 2020 and tested this on 50 stored qRT-PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples that had been collected across the South West of the UK in April 2020. The 50 samples split into 15 distinct genotypes and there was a 61.9% probability that any two randomly chosen samples from our set of 50 would have a distinct genotype. In a high throughput laboratory, qRT-PCR positive samples pooled into 384-well plates could be screened with a marker panel at a cost of < £1.50 per sample. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of a SNP genotyping panel to provide a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable way to monitor SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in an outbreak. Our analysis pipeline is publicly available and will allow for marker panels to be updated periodically as viral genotypes arise or disappear from circulation.

scholarly journals Custom built scanner and simple image processing pipeline enables low-cost, high-throughput phenotyping of maize ears

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedar Warman ◽  
John E Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Source Image ◽  
Processing Pipeline ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Transmission Data ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

AbstractHigh-throughput phenotyping systems are becoming increasingly powerful, dramatically changing our ability to document, measure, and detect phenomena. Unfortunately, taking advantage of these trends can be difficult for scientists with few resources, particularly when studying nonstandard biological systems. Here, we describe a powerful, cost-effective combination of a custom-built imaging platform and open-source image processing pipeline. Our maize ear scanner was built with off-the-shelf parts for <$80. When combined with a cellphone or digital camera, videos of rotating maize ears were captured and digitally flattened into projections covering the entire surface of the ear. Segregating GFP and anthocyanin seed markers were clearly distinguishable in ear projections, allowing manual annotation using ImageJ. Using this method, statistically powerful transmission data can be collected for hundreds of maize ears, accelerating the phenotyping process.

High-throughput genotyping assay for the large-scale genetic characterization ofCryptosporidiumparasites from human and bovine samples

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. ABAL-FABEIRO ◽  
X. MASIDE ◽  
J. LLOVO ◽  
X. BELLO ◽  
M. TORRES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Identification Of Species

SUMMARYThe epidemiological study of human cryptosporidiosis requires the characterization of species and subtypes involved in human disease in large sample collections. Molecular genotyping is costly and time-consuming, making the implementation of low-cost, highly efficient technologies increasingly necessary. Here, we designed a protocol based on MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the high-throughput genotyping of a panel of 55 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) selected as markers for the identification of commongp60subtypes of fourCryptosporidiumspecies that infect humans. The method was applied to a panel of 608 human and 63 bovine isolates and the results were compared with control samples typed by Sanger sequencing. The method allowed the identification of species in 610 specimens (90·9%) andgp60subtype in 605 (90·2%). It displayed excellent performance, with sensitivity and specificity values of 87·3 and 98·0%, respectively. Up to nine genotypes from four differentCryptosporidiumspecies (C. hominis, C. parvum, C. meleagridisandC. felis) were detected in humans; the most common ones wereC. hominissubtype Ib, andC. parvumIIa (61·3 and 28·3%, respectively). 96·5% of the bovine samples were typed as IIa. The method performs as well as the widely used Sanger sequencing and is more cost-effective and less time consuming.

scholarly journals Mapping a mammalian adult adrenal gland hierarchy across species by microwell-seq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujing Lai ◽  
Lifeng Ma ◽  
Weigao E ◽  
Fang Ye ◽  
Haide Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Individual Mouse ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

AbstractRecently, single-cell RNA-seq technologies have been rapidly updated, leading to a revolution in biology. We previously developed Microwell-seq, a cost-effective and high-throughput single cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) method with a very simple device. Most cDNA libraries are sequenced using an expensive Illumina platform. Here, we present the first report showing combined Microwell-seq and BGI MGISEQ2000, a less expensive sequencing platform, to profile the whole transcriptome of 11,883 individual mouse adult adrenal gland cells and identify 18 transcriptionally distinct clusters. Moreover, we performed a single-cell comparative analysis of human and mouse adult adrenal glands to reveal the conserved genetic networks in these mammalian systems. These results provide new insights into the sophisticated adrenal gland hierarchy and provide a benchmark, low-cost strategy for high-throughput single-cell RNA study.

scholarly journals Lasy-Seq: a high-throughput library preparation method for RNA-Seq and its application in the analysis of plant responses to fluctuating temperatures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Kamitani ◽  
Makoto Kashima ◽  
Ayumi Tezuka ◽  
Atsushi J. Nagano
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Library Preparation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Library Preparation Method

AbstractRNA-Seq is a whole-transcriptome analysis method used to research biological mechanisms and functions; its use in large-scale experiments is limited by costs and labour. In this study, we established a high-throughput and cost effective RNA-Seq library preparation method that did not require mRNA enrichment. The method adds unique index sequences to samples during reverse transcription (RT) that is conducted at a higher temperature (≥62°C) to suppress RT of A-rich sequences in rRNA, and then pools all samples into a single tube. Both single-read and paired end sequencing of libraries is enabled. We found that the pooled RT products contained large amounts of RNA, mainly rRNA, and caused over-estimations of the quantity of DNA, resulting in unstable tagmentation results. Degradation of RNA before tagmentation was necessary for the stable preparation of libraries. We named this protocol low-cost and easy RNA-Seq (Lasy-Seq), and used it to investigate temperature responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. We analysed how sub-ambient temperatures (10–30°C) affected the plant transcriptomes, using time-courses of RNA-Seq from plants grown in randomly fluctuating temperature conditions. Our results suggest that there are diverse mechanisms behind plant temperature responses at different time scales.

scholarly journals Long-read viral metagenomics enables capture of abundant and microdiverse viral populations and their niche-defining genomic islands

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Warwick-Dugdale ◽  
Natalie Solonenko ◽  
Karen Moore ◽  
Lauren Chittick ◽  
Ann C. Gregory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Viral Metagenomics ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽  
Short Read ◽  
Long Read

AbstractMarine viruses impact global biogeochemical cycles via their influence on host community structure and function, yet our understanding of viral ecology is constrained by limitations in culturing of important hosts and the lack of a ‘universal’ gene to facilitate community surveys. Short-read viral metagenomic studies have provided clues to viral function and first estimates of global viral gene abundance and distribution. However, short-read assemblies are confounded by populations with high levels of strain evenness and nucleotide diversity (microdiversity), limiting assembly of some of the most abundant viruses on Earth. Assembly across genomic islands which likely contain niche-defining genes that drive ecological speciation is also challenging. While such populations and features are successfully captured by single-virus genomics and fosmid-based approaches, both techniques require considerable cost and technical expertise. Here we established a low-cost, low-input, high throughput alternative method for improving assembly of viral metagenomics using long read technology. Named ‘VirION’ (Viral, long-read metagenomics via MinION sequencing), our sequencing approach and complementary bioinformatics pipeline (i) increased number and completeness of assembled viral genomes compared to short-read sequencing methods; (ii) captured populations of abundant viruses with high microdiversity missed by short-read methods and (iii) captured more and longer genomic islands than short-read methods. Thus, VirION provides a high throughput and cost-effective alternative to fosmid and single-virus genomic approaches to more comprehensively explore viral communities in nature.

Scalable Plasmonic Nanolithography: Prototype System Design and Construction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Mohamed E. Saad ◽  
Kang Ni ◽  
Yen Chi Chang ◽  
Cheng-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Nanoscale Metrology ◽  
And Control ◽  
Next Generation Lithography ◽  
Plasmonic Nanolithography

Maskless nanolithography is an agile and cost effective approach if their throughputs can be scaled for mass production purposes. Using plasmonic nanolithography (PNL) approach, direct pattern writing was successfully demonstrated with around 20 nm half-pitch at high speed. Here, we report our recent efforts of implementing a high-throughput PNL prototype system with unique metrology and control features, which are designed to use an array of plasmonic lenses to pattern sub-100 nm features on a rotating substrate. Taking the advantage of air bearing surface techniques, the system can expose the wafer pixel by pixel with a speed of ∼10 m/s, much faster than any conventional scanning based lithography system. It is a low-cost, high-throughput maskless approach for the next generation lithography and also for the emerging nanotechnology applications, such as nanoscale metrology and imaging.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PLATELET COUNT IN THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN IGIMS, PATNA, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwi Singh ◽  
Anshuman Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The major risk associated with low platelet count in pregnancy is the increased risk of bleeding during the childbirth or post that. There is an increased blood supply to the uterus during pregnancy and the surgical procedure requires cutting of major blood vessels. Women with thrombocytopenia are at increased risk of losing excessive blood. The risk is more in case of caesarean delivery as compared to vaginal delivery. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of the Platelet Count in the Pregnant Women in IGIMS, Patna, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India. The present study was planned from duration of January 2019 to June 2019. In the present study 200 pregnant females samples received for the platelet estimation were enrolled in the present study. Clinically platelet indices can be a useful screening test for early identification of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Also platelet indices can assess the prognosis of this disease in pregnant women and can be used as an effective prognostic marker because it correlates with severity of the disease. Platelet count is a simple, low cost, and rapid routine screening test. Hence the data generated from the present study concludes that platelet count can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to monitor the progression of preeclampsia, thereby preventing complications to develop during the gestational period. Keywords: Platelet Count, Pregnant Women, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, etc.

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