Nanoscience of Metal Silicate-Based Pigments

2014 ◽  
Vol 1618 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Tina T. Salguero ◽  
Darrah Johnson-McDaniel ◽  
Christopher A. Barrett ◽  
Asma Sharafi ◽  
Richard Weimar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alkali Earth ◽  
Egyptian Blue ◽  
Infrared Luminescence ◽  
Metal Silicate ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Jet Printing

ABSTRACTThe colored component of several important ancient pigments, including Egyptian blue and Han blue, are based on alkali earth copper tetrasilicate materials. In recent work, we have found that these layered materials can be chemically exfoliated into their constituent monolayers to provide alkali earth copper tetrasilicate nanosheets—defined by nanometer thickness and lateral dimensions that are on the order of several microns. The facile exfoliation of these materials into nanosheets is especially surprising in view of their long history on artifacts under a variety of environmental conditions, and we have examined the issue of whether archaeological samples are affected by this exfoliation mechanism. We have characterized the properties of these nanosheets by an array of analytical techniques, including powder x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence measurements, and Raman spectroscopy. In all cases, we observe differences between nanosheet and bulk samples that originate from the loss of coupling between layers when going from three-dimensional to two- dimensional structures. Both CaCuSi4O10 nanosheets (derived from Egyptian blue) and BaCuSi4O10 nanosheets (derived from Han blue) have strong near-infrared luminescence properties like their bulk counterparts, yet they are amenable to modern solution processing methods. We have demonstrated ink jet printing with CaCuSi4O10 nanosheet inks, as well as the fabrication of nanosheet-based papers. Potential applications for these materials include NIR-based biomedical imaging and security inks.

Nonlinear optical and near-infrared luminescence properties of Nd3+-doped heavy metal silicate glasses

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-yuan Song ◽  
Lan-tian Hou ◽  
Yue-e Chen ◽  
Xiao-dong Liu ◽  
Xing-tao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Infrared Luminescence ◽  
Metal Silicate

scholarly journals Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Fe3O4/Graphene Aerogels for the Removal of Arsenic Ions from Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ye ◽  
Da Yin ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Qingwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphene Aerogels ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

We report the synthesis of three-dimensional Fe3O4/graphene aerogels (GAs) and their application for the removal of arsenic (As) ions from water. The morphology and properties of Fe3O4/GAs have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum inference device. The 3D nanostructure shows that iron oxide nanoparticles are decorated on graphene with an interconnected network structure. It is found that Fe3O4/GAs own a capacity of As(V) ions adsorption up to 40.048 mg/g due to their remarkable 3D structure and existence of magnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles for separation. The adsorption isotherm matches well with the Langmuir model and kinetic analysis suggests that the adsorption process is pseudo-second-ordered. In addition to the excellent adsorption capability, Fe3O4/GAs can be easily and effectively separated from water, indicating potential applications in water treatment.

scholarly journals High-throughput phenotyping in cotton: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irish Lorraine B. PABUAYON ◽  
Yazhou SUN ◽  
Wenxuan GUO ◽  
Glen L. RITCHIE
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

Abstract Recent technological advances in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) phenotyping have offered tools to improve the efficiency of data collection and analysis. High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is a non-destructive and rapid approach of monitoring and measuring multiple phenotypic traits related to the growth, yield, and adaptation to biotic or abiotic stress. Researchers have conducted extensive experiments on HTP and developed techniques including spectral, fluorescence, thermal, and three-dimensional imaging to measure the morphological, physiological, and pathological resistance traits of cotton. In addition, ground-based and aerial-based platforms were also developed to aid in the implementation of these HTP systems. This review paper highlights the techniques and recent developments for HTP in cotton, reviews the potential applications according to morphological and physiological traits of cotton, and compares the advantages and limitations of these HTP systems when used in cotton cropping systems. Overall, the use of HTP has generated many opportunities to accurately and efficiently measure and analyze diverse traits of cotton. However, because of its relative novelty, HTP has some limitations that constrains the ability to take full advantage of what it can offer. These challenges need to be addressed to increase the accuracy and utility of HTP, which can be done by integrating analytical techniques for big data and continuous advances in imaging.

The exceptional near-infrared luminescence properties of cuprorivaite (Egyptian blue)

2009 ◽  
pp. 3392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Accorsi ◽  
Giovanni Verri ◽  
Margherita Bolognesi ◽  
Nicola Armaroli ◽  
Catia Clementi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Egyptian Blue ◽  
Infrared Luminescence

scholarly journals ZnO/ZnAl2O4 Nanocomposite with 3D Sphere-Like Hierarchical Structure for Photocatalytic Reduction of Aqueous Cr(VI)

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Yuan ◽  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Qiuye Jing ◽  
Jiawei Niu ◽  
Dong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Excellent Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Potential Applications

Three dimensional (3D) ZnO/ZnAl2O4 nanocomposites (ZnnAl-MMO) were synthesized by a simple urea-assisted hydrothermal process and subsequent high-temperature calcination. The as-prepared samples and their precursors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and Photoluminescence spectra (PL). It was observed that the morphology of ZnnAl-MMO nanocomposites could be tuned from cubic aggregates, hierarchically flower-like spheres to porous microspheres by simply changing the molar ratio of metal cations of the starting reaction mixtures. The photocatalytic performance of ZnO/ZnAl2O4 nanocomposites in the photoreduction of aqueous Cr(VI) indicated that the as-prepared 3D hierarchical sphere-like ZnnAl-MMO nanocomposite showed excellent photocatalytic activity of Cr(VI) reduction under UV light irradiation. The results indicated that the maximum removal percentage of aqueous Cr(VI) was 98% within four hours at 10 mg/L initial concentration of Cr(VI), owing to the effective charge separation and diversion of photogenerated carriers across the heterojunction interface of the composite. Our study put forward a facile method to fabricate hierarchical ZnO/ZnAl2O4 composites with potential applications for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Assembly of Lanthanide-Containing Tungstotellurates(VI): Syntheses, Structures, and Catalytic Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Shuxia Shang ◽  
Zhengguo Lin ◽  
Zishuo Yao ◽  
Ni Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Radius ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lewis Acid Catalysts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Inorganic Framework

Lanthanide (Ln)-containing polyoxometalates (POMs) have attracted particular attention owing to their structural diversity and potential applications in luminescence, magnetism, and catalysis. Herein three types of Ln-containing tungstotellurates(VI) (Ln = Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+, and Lu3+), dimeric (DMAH)n[H22−n{Ln(H2O)3[TeW17O61]}2]·mH2O (abbreviated as {Ln2Te2W34}; DMAH+ = dimethylammonium), mono-substituted (DMAH)7Na2{H2Ln(H2O)4[TeW17O61]}·mH2O (abbreviated as {LnTeW17}), and three-dimensional (3D) inorganic frameworks (DMAH)n{H3−nLn(H2O)4[TeW6O24]}·mH2O (abbreviated as {LnTeW6}), have been synthesized by using simple metal salts and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and other routine techniques. Interestingly, the assembly of these POMs is pH dependent. Using the same starting materials, {Ln2Te2W34} were obtained at pH 1.7, where two Dawson-like monovacant [TeW17O61]14− are linked by two Ln3+ ions; mono-substituted Dawson-like {LnTeW17} were isolated at pH 1.9, and 3D inorganic framework {LnTeW6} based on Anderson-type [TeW6O24]6− were formed at pH 2.3. It was also found that the assembly of Ln-containing POMs depends on the type of Ln3+ ions. The three types of POMs can be prepared by using Ln3+ ions with a relatively smaller ionic radius, such as Tb3+-Lu3+, while the use of Ln3+ ions (La3+-Eu3+) results in the formation of precipitation or {TeW18O62} clusters. Furthermore, three {LnTeW6} (Ln = Tb3+, Er3+, Lu3+) were used as Lewis acid catalysts for the cyanosilylation of benzaldehydes, and their catalytic activity decreases with the decrease of Ln3+ ionic radius, giving the order: {TbTeW6} > {ErTeW6} > {LuTeW6}. Notably, {TbTeW6} is stable to leaching and can be reused for five cycles without a significant loss of its activity.

Structural and Optical Properties of Er3+- Doped Zinc-Titania Tellurite Glasses

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Baki ◽  
Mohamed Kamari Halimah
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Optical Transition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Energy Gap ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Transition Mechanism ◽  
Infrared Luminescence

In the present work, we studied the structural and optical properties of zinc-titania tellurite glass (75-x)TeO2-20ZnO-5TiO2-xEr2O3 doped with erbium ion Er3+ (where mol % : x= 0 (host), 0.5, 1, 1.5). The reported glasses were synthesized using tradition melt quench method. The X-ray diffraction and thermal profile were utilized to study the amorphous nature of the mentioned glass. Optical absorption UV-Visible-NIR spectra were measured for optical energy gap and Er3+ absorption bands analysis. Both visible and near infrared luminescence were performed at room temperature using 980 nm laser diode excitation where the optical transition mechanism of the Er3+ in the glass is finally proposed. Broad luminescence in the present glass suggests its potential for broadband optical application.

SELF-ASSEMBLED COBALT CHAINS INDUCED BY MAGNETIC FIELD THROUGH HYDROTHERMALLY REDUCING COBALT IONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
pp. 4323-4329 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAN ZHAO ◽  
MIN YAO ◽  
JUN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hierarchical Microspheres ◽  
Potential Applications

Co uniform hierarchical microspheres were grown on a large scale at 200° by a simple hydrothermal method with the help of the surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). During the synthesis, the external magnetic field as a controlling factor assembled cobalt microspheres to form chain-like structures vertically on substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the product. The results indicate that three-dimensional (3D) Co microspheres are constructed by the cross-sectional nanoplatelets shape with a mean thickness of ~ 250 nm. The mechanism involved for the formation of the chain-like structures is discussed. The results of the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) show that the magnetic Co chains possess the saturation magnetization of 125.2 emu/g. Our work may shed some light on the design of other well-defined complex nanostructures, and as-grown architectures may have potential applications.

Synthesis and characterization of four organic–inorganic salts: sulfates of 2-aminopyridinium derivatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara J. Bednarchuk ◽  
Vasyl Kinzhybalo ◽  
Adam Pietraszko
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Intermolecular Interactions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lone Pair ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Π Stacking ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Scientific Attention

Hybrid materials, fabricated by the combination of inorganic and organic components, have potential applications in chemistry and are endowed with the advantages of both building elements. There are several types of intermolecular interactions present in these hybrid compounds, including electrostatic forces, π–π stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions, the latter playing an important role in the construction of three-dimensional architectures and stabilizing supramolecular crystal structures. Analysis of the intermolecular interactions and their influence on packing modes therefore requires focused scientific attention. Four new organic–inorganic salts, namely 2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridinium hydrogen sulfate, C6H8N3O2+·HSO4−, bis(2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridinium) sulfate, 2C6H8N3O2+·SO42−, 2-amino-3-methylpyridinium hydrogen sulfate, C6H9N2+·HSO4−, and bis(2-amino-3-methylpyridinium) sulfate monohydrate, 2C6H9N2+·SO42−·H2O, have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures are stabilized by intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, as well as by weak π–π stacking and lp–π (lp is lone pair) interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed in order to study intermolecular interactions.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Luminescence Investigation of Cr4+ ions Doped Germanate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanming Zeng ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Xiliang Jiang ◽  
Zhuang Leng ◽  
Xinyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infrared Luminescence ◽  
Luminescence Investigation

Abstract In this paper, the preparation of a series of Li2TiGe1-xCrxO5 phosphors by high-temperature solid-state reaction is reported. The results of X-ray diffraction show that the doping of Cr4+ ions makes the lattice expand to a larger size. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the chromium ions in the sample are tetravalent, confirmed further by fluorescence spectroscopy. Under the excitation of 980nm laser, the Cr4+ ions 3T2 doped 3A2 radiates transition and emits light at 1300nm. At the same time, the luminescence lifetime decreases with the increase in Cr4+ ions doping concentration. Li2TiGe1-xCrxO5 phosphors have a broad application prospect in near-infrared LEDs.

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