Electrical Characterisation of a Low-Density Layer of SnO Nanowires Deposited on a Set of Parallel Pt Electrodes

2008 ◽  
Vol 1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilia Kiselev ◽  
Ilia Kiselev ◽  
Victor Sysoev ◽  
Thomas Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Stability Examination

ABSTRACTLow-density layers of SnO2 nanowires were produced using the vapor solid method and dry-pressed onto surface-oxidized Si-substrates equipped with a set of 39 parallel Pt-electrodes. Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics of the segments between the electrodes were measured in ambient air at a substrate temperature of 300°C. Statistical analysis of the 38 I-V characteristics allows drawing conclusions, that only Schottky contacts between large nanowires and electrodes are significant for conductometry, and that they have very similar barrier characteristics. The statistical approach and its advantages are demonstrated. The clarity obtained concerning the roles of different resistivity mechanisms involved enables predictions of the nanowire net device behavior in applications, which is demonstrated on an instance of long-term stability examination of gas sensor arrays.

scholarly journals Microstructure and long-term stability of solder joints on nickel-plated aluminium formed during short soldering times

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (66) ◽  
pp. 40215-40224
Author(s):  
Angela De Rose ◽  
Gabriele Mikolasch ◽  
Mathias Kamp ◽  
Achim Kraft ◽  
Mathias Nowottnick
Keyword(s):  
Solder Joints ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Mechanical Reliability ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

High mechanical reliability of tin-based solder joints processed by joining copper and nickel-coated aluminium with short soldering times in ambient air.

Moisture-tolerant supermolecule for the stability enhancement of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells in ambient air

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1228-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wei ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Peng Cui ◽  
Jun Ji ◽  
Shangyi Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Inorganic Perovskite ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Perovskite Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Enhancement

Long-term stability of the perovskite materials and devices in high humidity could be improved by the moisture-tolerant supermolecules.

Performance Characteristics of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with YSZ/CGO Electrolyte

2017 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasya N. Kovalchuk ◽  
Alexey M. Lebedinskiy ◽  
Andrey A. Solovyev ◽  
Igor V. Ionov ◽  
Egor A. Smolyanskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Screen Printing Method ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Bilayer Electrolyte

This paper presents the results of performance evaluation of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with magnetron sputtered YSZ/CGO bilayer electrolyte, and composite LSCF-CGO cathode. Deposition of the YSZ/CGO electrolyte with the thickness of up to 14 microns was performed on the commercial anode substrates with dimensions of 5×5 cm2. The LSCF-CGO cathode of the fuel cells was formed by the screen-printing method. The microstructure of the YSZ/CGO bilayer electrolyte and LSCF-CGO cathode was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Comparison of the fuel cells performance with different thicknesses of the YSZ and CGO layers was carried out by measuring current-voltage and power characteristics, and also by testing the long-term stability of cell power at the temperature of 750 °C and voltage of 0.7 V.

scholarly journals Graphene Langmuir-Schaefer films Decorated by Pd Nanoparticles for NO2 and H2 Gas Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Kostiuk ◽  
Stefan Luby ◽  
Peter Siffalovic ◽  
Monika Benkovicova ◽  
Jan Ivanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Abstract NO2 and H2 gas sensing by few-layer graphene (FLG) were studied in dependence on the annealing and decoration of graphene by palladium nanoparticles (NPs). Graphene was deposited onto SiO2 (500 nm)/Si substrates by a modified Langmuir-Schaefer technique. A solution of FLG flakes in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was obtained by a mild sonication of the expanded milled graphite. FLG films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and the Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller method. Average FLG flake thickness and lateral dimension were 5 nm and 300 nm, respectively. Drop casting of Pd NP (6–7 nm) solution onto FLG film was applied to decorate graphene by Pd. The room temperature (RT) resistance of the samples was stabilized at 15 kΩ by vacuum annealing. Heating cycles of FLG film revealed its semiconducting character. The gas sensing was tested in the mixtures of dry air with H2 gas (10 to 10 000 ppm) and NO2 gas (2 to 200 ppm) between RT and 200 °C. The response of 26 % to H2 was achieved by FLG with Pd decoration at 70 °C and 10 000 ppm of H2 in the mixture. Pure FLG film did not show any response to H2. The response of FLG with Pd to 6 ppm of NO2 at RT was ≥ 23 %. It is 2 times larger than that of the pure FLG sample. Long term stability of sensors was studied.

Novel Micro-Photodiodes for Retina Stimulation

2000 ◽  
Vol 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rojahn ◽  
M.B. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Current Voltage

ABSTRACTWe present a new design of micro-photodiodes for in-vitro tests to electrically stimulate the ganglion cells of chicken and rat retinae upon light exposure of the photodiodes. Based on amorphous silicon, our laterally series connected double-stacked micro-photodiodes provide an open circuit voltage of 2.3 volts. Photolithographic steps as well as etching procedures for patterning the back contact, the amorphous silicon layers and the front contact are described. We analyse current- voltage-measurements performed with direct contact of the metal needles of a micro-positioning system to the device's electrodes. In order to test the performance of an individual micro-photodiode in an electrolyte environment, the stimulation electrode of the device is also contacted with a micro-droplet of buffer solution. Further improvement is needed, mainly addressing the problem of long-term stability of the device in electrolyte environments.

scholarly journals Practical Evaluation of Printed Strain Sensors Based on Long-Term Static Strain Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4812
Author(s):  
Daniel Zymelka ◽  
Kazuyoshi Togashi ◽  
Toshihiro Takeshita ◽  
Takahiro Yamashita ◽  
Takeshi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Strain Measurements ◽  
Static Strain ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Printed Sensors

Recent progress in printable electronics has enabled the fabrication of printed strain sensors for diverse applications. These include the monitoring of civil infrastructure, the gradual aging of which raises concerns about its effective maintenance and safety. Therefore, there is a need for automated sensing systems that provide information on the performance and behavior of engineering structures that are subjected to dynamic and static loads. The application of printed strain sensors in structural health monitoring is of growing interest owing to its large-area and cost-effective fabrication process. Previous studies have proven the suitability of printable strain sensors for dynamic strain measurements on bridges; however, the analysis of the long-term stability of printed sensors during static strain measurements is still lacking. Thus, this study aims to assess the long-term stability of printed strain sensor arrays and their suitability for the static strain analysis of large civil structures. The developed sensors and a dedicated wireless data acquisition system were deployed inside a gravity dam, which was selected as the field test environment. This test environment was chosen owing to the relatively stable temperature inside the dam and the very slow static strain changes associated with periodic water level changes. The results exhibited an average signal drift of 20 μϵ over 127 days. One of the sensor arrays was installed on a small crack in the dam structure; it showed that the sensors can track static strain changes owing to variations in the crack opening, which are related to the water level changes in the dam. Overall, the results of the developed sensors exhibit good strain sensitivity and low signal drift. This indicates the potential suitability of printed sensors for applications in the static strain analysis of engineering structures.

NANOSTRUCTURED PARTICLES AND LAYERS FOR SENSING CONTAMINANTS IN AIR AND WATER

NANO ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER A. LIEBERZEIT ◽  
ABDUL REHMAN ◽  
SADAF YAQUB ◽  
FRANZ L. DICKERT
Keyword(s):  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Acetate Concentration ◽  
Nanostructured Particles ◽  
Long Term Stability

Chemical sensor layers for environmental applications require optimal selectivity, sensitivity, and long term stability, which can be achieved in artificial matrices. For detecting thiols in air, reversible affinity interactions can be optimized by varying the stoichiometry of molybdenum disulphide nanoparticles to achieve sulphur deficiencies. Generating MoS1.9 increases the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor responses towards butane thiol by a factor of three. Artificial recognition sites are accessible by molecular imprinting: acrylate copolymers can be tuned in polarity to interact selectively with atrazine in water leading to detection limits below one ppb with QCM sensors. Finally, sensor arrays coated with six different molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) correctly reproduce the ethyl acetate concentration of a composter over a period of two weeks validated by GC-MS measurements.

Improving Long Term Stability of Pure Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells by Ambient Air Additive Assisted Fabrication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunnummal Mangott Muhammed Salim ◽  
Sofia Masi ◽  
Andrés F. Gualdrón-Reyes ◽  
Rafael S. Sánchez ◽  
Eva M. Barea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability
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