Evidence for a Grain Boundary Grooving Model of Agglomeration in Polycrystalline Tisi2 Thin Films

1990 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Nolan ◽  
Robert Beyers ◽  
Robert Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Surface And Interface ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Polycrystalline Thin Films

ABSTRACTAn equilibrium model for agglomeration based upon the mechanism of grain boundary grooving in polycrystalline thin films is suggested. It involves an energy balance between surface, interface, and grain boundary energies, and predicts parameters which will influence the onset of agglomeration. It has been determined that small grain size, low grain boundary energy, high film surface and interface energies, and growth of single crystal epitaxial layers should promote resistance to agglomeration. Polycrystalline TiSi2 thin films deposited on Si substrates have been observed using cross-section TEM. The micrographs provide evidence that, for these films, the grain boundary grooving mechanism is dominant and most of the modeling assumptions are valid.

Agglomeration of Cobalt Silicide Films

1990 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. G. Xiao ◽  
G. A. Rozgonyi ◽  
C. A. Canovai ◽  
C. M. Osburn
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Probe Measurements

ABSTRACTThe agglomeration of Co silicide films formed on Si substrates processed with different Co film thickness was investigated by TEM, XRD, and four-point-probe measurements. It was found that thermal grooving always accompanies the film formation, while islanding can occur during high temperature thermal stability testing, or during formation of very thin films at moderate temperatures. In addition to whole film agglomeration, partial agglomeration on the top of the film has been observed, which is prominent and important for thin films. A theoretical model of agglomeration for silicide films is presented, which shows that when the ratio of grain size to film thickness is smaller than a critical value, the film will not lose its continuity. Also, grain boundary migration was found to have a suppressing effect on thermal grooving. Both a small grain size and a low grain boundary energy are shown to be favorable for improving the thermal stability.

Influence of grain boundary energy on the grain size evolution in nanocrystalline materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 475 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Haifeng Wang ◽  
Gencang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Nanocrystalline Materials ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Size Evolution

Effect of Grain Boundary Energy in Recrystallization Simulation by Phase Field Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 953-958
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Ren Chuang Yan ◽  
Er Wei Qin ◽  
Wei Dong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Phase Field Model ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Phase Field Method ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Average Grain Size

In this paper, the effect of grain boundary energy in AZ31 Mg alloy with multi-order parameters phenomenological phase field model has been discussed during the progress of recrystallization. The average grain size of the recrystallization grain at a certain temperature and a certain restored energy but various grain boundary energies have been studied, and the simulated results show that the larger the grain boundary energy is, the larger the average grain size will be, and the speed of grain growth will increase with the increase of grain boundary energy. Additionally, temperature will also increase the grain growth rate.

Study of Mn–Co–Ni–O thin films incorporated with Cu and Cu/Sc elements and properties of the detectors

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150227
Author(s):  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Zhiming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Solution Deposition ◽  
Chemical Solution Deposition Method ◽  
Voltage Responsivity ◽  
The Stability

Thin films [Formula: see text] (MCNO), [Formula: see text] (MCNCuO) and [Formula: see text] (MCNCuScO) are prepared by Chemical Solution Deposition method. The results show that the addition of Cu and Cu/Sc elements can reduce the grain boundary energy and the grain boundary angle to improve the single crystal degree of MCNO thin film. Through the analysis of MCNCuScO thin film, it is found that the stability of spinel structure mainly depends on the octahedron rather than tetrahedron. The bandgap of the samples from small to large is separately MCNCuScO, MCNCuO and MCNO films. The absorptivity within the waveband of [Formula: see text] plays a decisive role in the performance of the detector. At the same frequency, the MCNCuO thin film detector has the highest voltage responsivity, followed by the MCNCuScO thin film detector, while the MCNO film detector has the lowest responsivity.

Surface and grain boundary energy as the key enabler of ferroelectricity in nanoscale hafnia-zirconia: a comparison of model and experiment

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 9973-9986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hyuk Park ◽  
Young Hwan Lee ◽  
Han Joon Kim ◽  
Tony Schenk ◽  
Woongkyu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Thermodynamic Surface

The crystalline phases in hafnia-zirconia solid solution thin films are comprehensively studied by a comparison with the thermodynamic surface or interface/grain boundary energy model.

The effect of excess neodymia on the grain growth of Nd1+xBa2−xCu3Oy solid solutions

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2819-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell B. Rogenski ◽  
Kenneth H. Sandhage ◽  
Alexander L. Vasiliev ◽  
Eric P. Kvam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Detectable Change ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Second Phases

The grain growth of dense, fine-grained Nd1+xBa2−xCu3Oy (x = 0.1−0.4) specimens has been examined in pure O2(g) at 938 °C and 967 °C. No detectable change in average grain size was observed for Nd1.4Ba1.6Cu3Oy within 72 h at 967 °C; however, a significant increase in average grain size developed between 18 and 24 h at 967 °C for Nd1.3Ba1.7Cu3Oy, and within 8−12 h at ≤967 °C for Nd1.2Ba1.8Cu3Oy and Nd1.1Ba1.9Cu3Oy. Microstructural analyses revealed that sudden changes in average grain size coincided with the formation of relatively large (abnormal) grains. A broadening of the grain size distribution was also observed. TEM analyses revealed that grain boundaries were free of second phases. The possible role of anisotropy in grain boundary energy and/or mobility on grain growth is discussed.

The Relationship between Grain Boundary Energy, Grain Boundary Complexion Transitions, and Grain Size in Ca-Doped Yttria

2013 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Bojarski ◽  
Jocelyn Knighting ◽  
Shuai Lei Ma ◽  
William Lenthe ◽  
Martin P. Harmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
The Relationship

The thermal groove technique has been used to measure relative grain boundary energies in two 100 ppm Ca-doped yttria samples. The first has a normal grain size distribution and the boundaries have a bilayer of segregated Ca. In the second sample, there is a combination of large grains and small grains. The boundaries around the large grains are known to have an intergranular film. The results show that the relative energies of boundaries in the sample with normal grain growth and the boundaries around small grains far from larger grains in the second sample are similar. Also, boundaries surrounding the largest grains and small grains immediately adjacent to them have the same and significantly lower energies. The results indicate that grain boundaries with an intergranular film have a lower energy than those with bilayer segregation and that the intergranular film extends beyond the periphery of the largest grains, but not throughout the entire sample.

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