Characterization of Earth Materials Properties for Conceptual Design of an Exploratory Shaft, Richton Dome, Mississippi

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Haag ◽  
O. E. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
Pump Test ◽  
Geophysical Logs ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Shaft Wall

ABSTRACTPreliminary Exploratory Shaft design studies have been performed for representative sites in all salt basins within the NWTS Program. These studies have been based on data which are not site specific. Earth materials overlying the Richton Dome were characterized by analysis of geotechnical and hydrological data that had been acquired for site selection purposes. Data sets were reorganized, reinterpreted and evaluated in light of published empirical correlations, known constituative relations, experience with other sites, and engineering judgment.Geotechnical properties were assessed from geophysical logs, lithologic sample descriptions, and limited blowcount, grain size and pump test data. These properties included grain size, plasticity, unit weight, moisture content, bulk density, porosity, shear strength, elasticity, permeability, and saturation. Additionally, chemical and thermal properties were estimated and the local hydrologic flow properties were addressed.The analyses allowed heretofor unrecognized lithologic material groupings (defineable layers and sublayers) to be identified based on similarities in physical properties. Subsurface conditions, as interpreted, pose no unique excavation problems. However, the analysis identified some potential issues which had not been previously recognized and gave confidence that other previously assumed potential problems may not exist. Future work for subsequent design should focus on shaft wall stability, ground-water inflow, expansive clays, and the impacts of long-term exposure of the materials.

scholarly journals Comparing perturbation models for evaluating stability of neuroimaging pipelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Kiar ◽  
Pablo de Oliveira Castro ◽  
Pierre Rioux ◽  
Eric Petit ◽  
Shawn T Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
Numerical Instabilities ◽  
Software Implementations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Future Work

With an increase in awareness regarding a troubling lack of reproducibility in analytical software tools, the degree of validity in scientific derivatives and their downstream results has become unclear. The nature of reproducibility issues may vary across domains, tools, data sets, and computational infrastructures, but numerical instabilities are thought to be a core contributor. In neuroimaging, unexpected deviations have been observed when varying operating systems, software implementations, or adding negligible quantities of noise. In the field of numerical analysis, these issues have recently been explored through Monte Carlo Arithmetic, a method involving the instrumentation of floating-point operations with probabilistic noise injections at a target precision. Exploring multiple simulations in this context allows the characterization of the result space for a given tool or operation. In this article, we compare various perturbation models to introduce instabilities within a typical neuroimaging pipeline, including (i) targeted noise, (ii) Monte Carlo Arithmetic, and (iii) operating system variation, to identify the significance and quality of their impact on the resulting derivatives. We demonstrate that even low-order models in neuroimaging such as the structural connectome estimation pipeline evaluated here are sensitive to numerical instabilities, suggesting that stability is a relevant axis upon which tools are compared, alongside more traditional criteria such as biological feasibility, computational efficiency, or, when possible, accuracy. Heterogeneity was observed across participants which clearly illustrates a strong interaction between the tool and data set being processed, requiring that the stability of a given tool be evaluated with respect to a given cohort. We identify use cases for each perturbation method tested, including quality assurance, pipeline error detection, and local sensitivity analysis, and make recommendations for the evaluation of stability in a practical and analytically focused setting. Identifying how these relationships and recommendations scale to higher order computational tools, distinct data sets, and their implication on biological feasibility remain exciting avenues for future work.

TEMPORARY DIMENSIONS OF MULTIVARIATE DATA FROM PALEOCLIMATE RECORDS — A NOVEL MEASURE FOR DYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LONG-TERM CLIMATE CHANGE

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3685-3689 ◽  
Author(s):  
REIK DONNER ◽  
ANNETTE WITT
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Time Series ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Element Abundances ◽  
Paleoclimate Records ◽  
Standard Techniques

Standard techniques of nonlinear data analysis are difficult to apply to short or insufficiently resolved multivariate time series. We demonstrate that dimension estimation based on the decay of eigenvalues of the covariance matrix yields qualitatively robust characteristics even in the case of very short measurement series. The uncertainty of these characteristics is discussed for both: synthetic data sets and measurement data. We apply this approach to measurements of trace element abundances in a marine sediment core obtained at the East Antarctic coast and discuss the results from a paleoclimate point of view.

Structural and Electrical Characterization of Shaped Beam Laser Recrystallized Polysilicon on Amorphous Substrates

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Stultz ◽  
J. F. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Shaped Beam ◽  
Beam Laser ◽  
Cw Laser ◽  
Amorphous Substrates ◽  
Circular Beam

ABSTRACTStructural and electrical characterization of laser recrystallized LPCVD silicon films on amorphous substrates using a shaped cw laser beam have been performed. In comparing the results to data obtained using a circular beam, it was found that a significant increase in grain size can be achieved and that the surface morphology of the shaped beam recrystallized material was much smoother. It was also found that whereas circular beam recrystallized material has a random grain structure, shaped beam material is highly oriented with a <100> texture. Finally the electrical characteristics of the recrystallized film were very good when measured in directions parallel to the grain boundaries.

The effects of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on the coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Summary Data

Moderate endurance training is known to improve cardiovascular risk factors, and prolongs life expectancy. On the other hand, there has been some discussion whether “too much” exercise might have a contrarious effect by accelerating coronary atherosclerosis. The goal of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effects of long-term vigorous endurance training on the coronary vasculature. In summary, data point to an increased calcium score, and a higher burden of atherosclerotic plaque in male athletes compared to sedentary controls. However, the plaques found in athletes were more prone to be calcified. The pathogenesis and clinical relevance of this athlete coronary artery disease phenotype remains incompletely understood and represents an area of important future work.

The effects of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on the coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Summary Data

Moderate endurance training is known to improve cardiovascular risk factors, and prolongs life expectancy. On the other hand, there has been some discussion whether “too much” exercise might have a contrarious effect by accelerating coronary atherosclerosis. The goal of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effects of long-term vigorous endurance training on the coronary vasculature. In summary, data point to an increased calcium score, and a higher burden of atherosclerotic plaque in male athletes compared to sedentary controls. However, the plaques found in athletes were more prone to be calcified. The pathogenesis and clinical relevance of this athlete coronary artery disease phenotype remains incompletely understood and represents an area of important future work.

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Employment Issues in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Marlene Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Unemployment Rates

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) in the United States face problems of discrimination, the glass ceiling, and very high long-term unemployment rates. As a diverse population, although some Asian Americans are more successful than average, others, like those from Southeast Asia and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs), work in low-paying jobs and suffer from high poverty rates, high unemployment rates, and low earnings. Collecting more detailed and additional data from employers, oversampling AAPIs in current data sets, making administrative data available to researchers, providing more resources for research on AAPIs, and enforcing nondiscrimination laws and affirmative action mandates would assist this population.

Positive Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Ilana Seager ◽  
Douglas S. Mennin ◽  
Amelia Aldao
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Work

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a debilitating condition characterized by excessive, pervasive, uncontrollable, and paralyzing worries about a wide range of future situations. Individuals with this condition frequently find themselves stuck in worry and tension cycles in futile attempts at reducing uncertainty and increasing control. GAD has been associated with substantial impairments in functioning and reduced quality of life. GAD remains poorly understood, and the long-term efficacy and end-state functioning resulting from treatment are weaker compared to other anxiety disorders. Some treatments (e.g., emotion regulation therapy, acceptance-based behavioral therapy) have improved efficacy, partly by targeting emotional dysfunction. Basic psychopathology research has focused on identifying the role of negative affect in GAD, so little is known about how positive affect is experienced and regulated in this disorder. This is particularly important in light of the overlap of this condition with major depressive disorder, which is characterized by low or suppressed positive emotion. Developing such an understanding is essential to further improve the efficacy of emotion-based treatments. This chapter reviews current and future directions in the study of positive affect in GAD. The chapter reviews the nascent research on positive affect and GAD, then illustrates dimensions of future work.

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